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Vercelli C, Re G, Iussich S, Odore R, Morello EM, Gandini M, Giusto G. In Vivo Evaluation of a Pectin-Honey Hydrogel Coating on Polypropylene Mesh in a Rat Model of Acute Hernia. Gels 2021; 7:gels7030132. [PMID: 34563018 PMCID: PMC8482280 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations about ventral hernia repair are focused on improving the quality, resistance, and biocompatibility of mesh. This study compared plain polypropylene mesh with a pectin-honey hydrogel-coated polypropylene mesh in an acute hernia model in rats. Forty Wistar rats, randomly assigned to two groups, were submitted to laparotomy, and a 1 cm × 2 cm fascial defect was created, centered on the midline. Uncoated (group C) or coated mesh (group T) was inserted in an inlay fashion to repair the defect. After 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and the presence of adhesions to the mesh was macroscopically evaluated. Histology and measurement of COX-2 as tissue inflammation markers were used to assess fascia tissue healing. Grades of adhesion were not different between groups. Histological score and COX-2 expression were not significantly different between groups, except for the higher inflammatory response demonstrated in group T. The pectin-hydrogel coated mesh could not reduce adhesion formation compared to uncoated polypropylene mesh but improved peritoneal regeneration and tissue healing.
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Zhu Y, Chang J, Tan K, Huang SK, Liu X, Wang X, Cao M, Zhang H, Li S, Duan X, Chang Y, Fan Y, Cao P. Clioquinol Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inactivation of Fibroblasts via Iron Chelation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:189-200. [PMID: 33861690 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0279oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Strict control of iron homeostasis is critical for the maintenance of normal lung function. Iron accumulates in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (PF), but the characteristics of iron metabolism in the pathogenesis of PF and related targeting therapeutics are not well studied. In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular characteristics of iron metabolism in fibrotic lungs and further explored the efficacy of clioquinol (CQ) for the treatment of PF as well as its functional mechanism. Iron aggregates accumulated in the lungs of patients with idiopathic PF, and FTL (ferritin light chain) transcripts were increased in their pulmonary fibroblasts. In the bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF (BLM-PF) mouse model, pulmonary iron accumulation is a very early and concomitant event of PF. Labile iron pool levels in both fibroblasts and macrophages from the BLM-PF model were elevated, and iron metabolism was dysregulated. CQ attenuated PF induced by BLM and FITC, and iron-saturated CQ did not alleviate BLM-PF. Furthermore, CQ inhibited the activation of fibroblasts, including proliferation, fibrotic differentiation, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and migration. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that CQ, acting as an iron chelator, attenuates experimental PF through inactivation of fibroblasts, providing support for targeting iron metabolism as a basis for PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengshu Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xianglin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Giusto G, Vercelli C, Iussich S, Audisio A, Morello E, Odore R, Gandini M. A pectin-honey hydrogel prevents postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:55. [PMID: 28212637 PMCID: PMC5314697 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0965-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adhesions are a common postoperative surgical complication. Liquid honey has been used intraperitoneally to reduce the incidence of these adhesions. However, solid barriers are considered more effective than liquids in decreasing postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation; therefore, a new pectin-honey hydrogel (PHH) was produced and its effectiveness was evaluated in a rat cecal abrasion model. Standardized cecal/peritoneal abrasion was performed through laparotomy in 48 adult Sprague-Dawley rats to induce peritoneal adhesion formation. Rats were randomly assigned to a control (C) and treatment (T) group. In group T, PHHs were placed between the injured peritoneum and cecum. Animals were euthanized on day 15 after surgery. Adhesions were evaluated macroscopically and adhesion scores were recorded and compared between the two groups. Inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization were histologically graded and compared between the groups. Results In group C, 17 of 24 (70.8%) animals developed adhesions between the cecum and peritoneum, while in group T only 5 of 24 (20.8%) did (p = 0.0012). In group C, one rat had an adhesion score of 3, sixteen had scores of 2, and seven rats had scores of 0. In group T, four rats had adhesion scores of 2, one rat had an adhesion score of 1 and nineteen have score 0 (p = 0.0003). Significantly lower grades of inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization were seen in group T (p = 0.006, p = 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion PHH is a novel absorbable barrier that is effective in preventing intra-abdominal adhesions in a cecal abrasion model in rats. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-0965-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessica Giusto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy.
| | - Cristina Vercelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
| | - Andrea Audisio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
| | - Rosangela Odore
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
| | - Marco Gandini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, n. 2, Grugliasco, Turin, 10095, Italy
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Koninckx PR, Gomel V, Ussia A, Adamyan L. Role of the peritoneal cavity in the prevention of postoperative adhesions, pain, and fatigue. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:998-1010. [PMID: 27523299 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A surgical trauma results within minutes in exudation, platelets, and fibrin deposition. Within hours, the denuded area is covered by tissue repair cells/macrophages, starting a cascade of events. Epithelial repair starts on day 1 and is terminated by day 3. If repair is delayed by decreased fibrinolysis, local inflammation, or factors in peritoneal fluid, fibroblast growth starting on day 3 and angiogenesis starting on day 5 results in adhesion formation. For adhesion formation, quantitatively more important are factors released into the peritoneal fluid after retraction of the fragile mesothelial cells and acute inflammation of the entire peritoneal cavity. This is caused by mechanical trauma, hypoxia (e.g., CO2 pneumoperitoneum), reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., open surgery), desiccation, or presence of blood, and this is more severe at higher temperatures. The inflammation at trauma sites is delayed by necrotic tissue, resorbable sutures, vascularization damage, and oxidative stress. Prevention of adhesion formation therefore consists of the prevention of acute inflammation in the peritoneal cavity by means of gentle tissue handling, the addition of more than 5% N2O to the CO2 pneumoperitoneum, cooling the abdomen to 30°C, prevention of desiccation, a short duration of surgery, and, at the end of surgery, meticulous hemostasis, thorough lavage, application of a barrier to injury sites, and administration of dexamethasone. With this combined therapy, nearly adhesion-free surgery can be performed today. Conditioning alone results in some 85% adhesion prevention, barriers alone in 40%-50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe R Koninckx
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University Leuven, University Hospital, Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; Gruppo Italo Belga, Villa del Rosario and Gemelli Hospitals Università Cattolica, Rome, Italy.
| | - Victor Gomel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anastasia Ussia
- Gruppo Italo Belga, Villa del Rosario and Gemelli Hospitals Università Cattolica, Rome, Italy
| | - Leila Adamyan
- Department of Operative Gynecology, Federal State Budget Institution V. I. Kulakov Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia, Russian Federation
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Antiadhesive and anti-inflammatory effects of pirfenidone in postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion in an experimental rat model. J Surg Res 2016; 201:348-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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