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Cui Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Jiang Y, Mao H, Ju S, Peng XG. Value of Non-Contrast-Enhanced Vessel Wall MR Imaging in Assessing Vascular Invasion of Retroperitoneal Tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60:752-764. [PMID: 37929323 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their location and growth patterns, retroperitoneal tumors often involve the surrounding blood vessels. Clinical decisions on a proper treatment depend on the information on this condition. Evaluation of blood vessels using non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI may provide noninvasive assessment of the extent of tumor invasion to assist clinical decision-making. PURPOSE To investigate the performance and potential of non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI in evaluating the degree of vessel wall invasion of retroperitoneal tumors. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Thirty-seven participants (mean age: 60.59 ± 11.77 years, 59% male) with retroperitoneal tumors close to vessels based on their diagnostic computer tomography. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES 3 T; vessel wall MRI sequences: two-dimensional T2-weighted MultiVane XD turbo spin-echo (2D-T2-MVXD-TSE) and three-dimensional T1-weighted motion sensitized driven equilibrium fat suppression turbo spin-echo (3D-T1-MSDE-TSE) sequences; conventional MRI sequences: T2-weighted fat suppression turbo spin-echo (T2-FS-TSE), T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE), modified Dixon T1-weighted fast field echo (T1-mDixon-FFE), and diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DWI-EPI) sequences. ASSESSMENT All patients underwent preoperative imaging using both non-contrast conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences. Images obtained from conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences were evaluated independently by three junior radiologists (3 and 2 years of experience in reading MRI) and reviewed by one senior radiologist (25 years of experience in reading MRI) to assess the degree of vessel wall invasion. MRI were validated results from the clinical standard diagnosis based on surgical confirmation or histopathological reports. Interobserver agreement was determined based on the reports from three readers with similar years of experiences. Intraobserver variability was assessed based on categorizing and recategorizing the vessels of 37 patients 1 month apart. STATISTICAL TESTS Intra-class correlation efficient (ICC), Chi-square test, McNemar test, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), Delong test, P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The accuracy of vessel wall MRI (91.96%, 95% CI: 85.43-95.71; 103 of 112) in detecting the degree of vessel wall invasion was significantly higher than that of conventional MRI (75%, 95% CI: 66.24-82.10; 84 of 112). The interobserver variability or reproducibility in categorization of the degree of vascular wall invasion was good in evaluating images from conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences (ICC = 0.821, 95% CI: 0.765-0.867 and ICC = 0.881, 95% CI: 0.842-0.913, respectively). DATA CONCLUSION Diagnosis of vessel wall invasion of retroperitoneal tumors and assessment of its severity can be improved by using non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Gui Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Kim K, Park D, Oh MY, Chai YJ, Kim HY. Safety and surgical outcomes of robotic adrenalectomy from a 15-year experience at a single institution. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12174. [PMID: 38806567 PMCID: PMC11133357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Robotic adrenalectomy (RA) has gained significant popularity in the management of adrenal gland diseases. We report our experience at a single tertiary institution and evaluate the safety and surgical outcomes of RA. The data of 122 consecutive patients who underwent RA from October 2009 to December 2022 at Korea University Anam Hospital (Seoul, Korea) were reviewed. There were no perioperative complications. Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed through complete chart reviews. Noteworthy findings include the influence of sex, tumor size, and body mass index on operation time, with the female and small tumor groups exhibiting shorter operation times (P = 0.018 and P = 0.009, respectively). Pheochromocytoma was identified as a significant independent risk factor for a longer operation time in the multivariate analysis [odds ratio (OR), 3.709; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.127-12.205; P = 0.031]. A temporal analysis revealed a decreasing trend in mean operation times across consecutive groups, reflecting a learning curve associated with RA adoption. RA is a safe and effective operative technique alternative to laparoscopic adrenalectomy that has favorable surgical outcomes and enhances the convenience of the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawon Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Yub Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yao X, Luo X, Tai Y, Wang K, Shang J. Effectiveness of continuity of care after robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy under ambulatory mode: a single-center intervention study. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:8. [PMID: 38206493 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effectiveness of continuity of care after robot-assisted adrenal tumor resection under ambulatory mode. Patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RALA) in the ambulatory surgery department and urology department of our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as study subjects. Among them, 50 patients in the Department of Urology as the control group were given routine care. The 50 patients in the ambulatory surgery department as the observation group were given continuity of care on the basis of routine care. Observation indexes include: wound healing, blood pressure, blood potassium, renal function impairment, self-care ability in daily life, medication compliance, follow-up rate, and patient satisfaction. There were no remarkable discrepancies between the two groups in terms of demographic data and basic preoperative conditions of the patients. Compared with the control group, the observation group significantly improved the patients' wound healing, postoperative blood pressure and blood potassium and kidney function (P value all < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group significantly improved postoperative patients' ADL scores, follow-up rates within three months after surgery, and patient satisfaction scores (P value all < 0.05). For patients receiving ambulatory mode robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy, continuity of care can effectively reduce postoperative complications, improve patients' postoperative self-care ability in daily life, medication compliance and follow-up rate, and improve patient satisfaction, which is worthy of promotion and application by nursing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yao
- Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yanghao Tai
- Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jiwen Shang
- Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Morizane S, Honda M, Shimizu R, Teraoka S, Yumioka T, Yamaguchi N, Iwamoto H, Hikita K, Takenaka A. Initial Experience of Robot-Assisted Adrenalectomy in Japan: What is the Optimal Selection of Robotic Forceps for Adrenalectomy? Yonago Acta Med 2022; 65:176-180. [PMID: 35611059 PMCID: PMC9123249 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive adrenalectomy is the preferred technique for managing adrenal tumors. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is widely performed and covered by insurance in Japan, but robot-assisted adrenalectomy is not. To investigate the best forceps combinations for performing robot-assisted adrenalectomy safely, we performed robot-assisted adrenalectomy for two left and two right adrenal adenomas using different robotic forceps combinations (bipolar forceps, monopolar curved scissors, Vessel Sealer Extend, and SynchroSeal) for each case. Although we evaluated a small number of RAs, lower blood loss was observed in patients where the vessel sealing devices were used. The extent of dissection is small for adrenalectomy, and robotic bipolar vessel sealing tools may not be necessary, especially for the small adrenal tumors. However, considering the risk benefits, the combination of forceps with Vessel Sealer Extend (by the left arm) and monopolar curved scissors (by the right arm) will become one of the best forceps combinations for performing robot-assisted adrenalectomy safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Morizane
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Honda
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Shimizu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shogo Teraoka
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yumioka
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Noriya Yamaguchi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideto Iwamoto
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hikita
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 683-8503, Japan
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Francis A, Mellert L, Parekh N, Pozsgay M, Dan A. Robotic Adrenalectomy: A 10-Year Clinical Experience at a Tertiary Medical Center. JSLS 2022; 26:JSLS.2021.00083. [PMID: 35444401 PMCID: PMC8993463 DOI: 10.4293/jsls.2021.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is now the preferred approach for most adrenal tumors. As minimally invasive surgery departments gain familiarity with the robotic platform, the safety profiles and efficacy of robotic adrenalectomy has been an area of continued discussion. The objective of this study is to outline our experience with transitioning to the robotic platform and determining the effectiveness and safety of transperitoneal robotic adrenalectomy. Methods: We performed a single-center, retrospective review of 37 patients who underwent transperitoneal robotic adrenalectomy between August 1, 2010 and August 31, 2020. Outcomes included patient morbidity, hospital length of stay, operative time, estimated blood loss, gland volume, pathology, and postoperative complications. Results: Sixty-five percent of the total robotic adrenalectomies were of the left adrenal gland. The average operating room time was 213 minutes. The average gland volume was 71 cm3, estimated blood loss was 74 mL and length of stay was 1.4 days. There were no significant differences in outcomes between the right and left total robotic adrenalectomies. Approximately one-third of our cohort had an adrenal cortical adenoma, while only one patient had adrenal cortical carcinoma. Four patients experienced postoperative complications that resulted in unplanned hospital readmissions and there was one mortality. Conclusions: Although the standard of care for most adrenal tumors is laparoscopic resection, our 10-year experience has shown that robotic adrenalectomy is highly effective and can be a valuable tool in the community and academic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Francis
- Department of General Surgery. Summa Health - Akron City Hospital, Akron, OH
| | - Logan Mellert
- Department of General Surgery. Summa Health - Akron City Hospital, Akron, OH
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urologic and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mark Pozsgay
- Department of General Surgery. Summa Health - Akron City Hospital, Akron, OH
| | - Adrian Dan
- Department of General Surgery. Summa Health - Akron City Hospital, Akron, OH
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Surgical Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Current Highlights. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080909. [PMID: 34440112 PMCID: PMC8389566 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor, often discovered at an advanced stage and associated with poor prognosis. Treatment is guided by staging according to the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT) classification. Surgery is the treatment of choice for ACC. The aim of this review is to provide a complete overview on surgical approaches and management of adrenocortical carcinoma. METHODS This comprehensive review has been carried out according to the PRISMA statement. The literature sources were the databases PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library. The search thread was: ((surgery) OR (adrenalectomy)) AND (adrenocortical carcinoma). RESULTS Among all studies identified, 17 were selected for the review. All of them were retrospective. A total of 2498 patients were included in the studies, of whom 734 were treated by mini-invasive approaches and 1764 patients were treated by open surgery. CONCLUSIONS Surgery is the treatment of choice for ACC. Open adrenalectomy (OA) is defined as the gold standard. In recent years laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) has gained more popularity. No significant differences were reported for overall recurrence rate, time to recurrence, and cancer-specific mortality between LA and OA, in particular for Stage I-II. Robotic adrenalectomy (RA) has several advantages compared to LA, but there is still a lack of specific documentation on RA use in ACC.
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Gokceimam M, Akbulut S, Erten O, Kahramangil B, Kim YS, Li P, Berber E. An intra-operative video comparison of laparoscopic versus robotic transabdominal lateral adrenalectomy. Int J Med Robot 2020; 17:e2203. [PMID: 33185308 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to compare intraoperative conduct of adrenalectomy between laparoscopic and robotic approaches. METHODS Intraoperative video-recordings of patients who underwent robotic (n = 30) and laparoscopic adrenalectomy (n = 30) were analysed using Mann-Whitney U, chi-square and multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS Demographics, indications and outcomes were similar between groups. For all tumour sizes, camera was more engaged to surgical task and exhibited less vision problems in robotic versus laparoscopic group. There was less instrument exchange and restriction of exposure with robotic approach. For dissection, robotic approach allowed for a wider range of instrument reach around adrenal. Robotically, there was an increased ability to do fine dissection, rather than en bloc division with rigid laparoscopic vessel sealers. Bleeding problems were less robotically. CONCLUSION Despite similarities in post-operative morbidity and hospital stay, there was a superiority in quality of procedure performed with robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy for both small and large adrenal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gokceimam
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Serkan Akbulut
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ozgun Erten
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bora Kahramangil
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Yoo S Kim
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eren Berber
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Perivoliotis K, Baloyiannis I, Sarakatsianou C, Tzovaras G. Comparing the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic and robotic adrenalectomy: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2020; 405:125-135. [PMID: 32133562 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-020-01860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were designed and conducted, in order to provide an up-to-date comparison of the robotic (RA) and laparoscopic (LA) adrenalectomy in terms of perioperative efficacy and safety. METHODS The present meta-analysis was completed in accordance with the guidelines provided by the PRISMA study group and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The electronic scholar databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus) were screened. For the reduction of type I errors, a trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed. RESULTS Overall, 21 studies and 2997 patients were included in this study. RA was associated with a significantly lower open conversion rate (OR: 1.79; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.92) and length of hospitalization (LOS WMD: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.2, 0.84). Marginal results regarding blood loss were recorded (WMD: 2.02; 95%CI: 0.0, 4.03). TSA could not validate the superiority of RA in open conversion rate and blood loss. LA and RA were similar in terms of operative duration (P = 0.18) and positive margin (P = 0.81), complications (P = 0.94) and mortality rate (P = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS Even though RA and LA were equivalent regarding perioperative safety, RA was associated with a favorable LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis Baloyiannis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Chamaidi Sarakatsianou
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - George Tzovaras
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Greece
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Robotic enucleation of adrenal masses: technique and outcomes. World J Urol 2019; 38:853-858. [PMID: 31292732 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility and safety of the application of robotic enucleation of adrenal masses (REAM). METHODS Thirteen patients at Shanghai Changhai Hospital who underwent robotic enucleation of adrenal mass from February 2017 to March 2018 were reviewed. After mobilizing the adrenal gland and clamping the feeding blood vessels, the tumor was enucleated and reconstruction was performed. Relevant clinical data were recorded including baseline patient and tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes (operating time, ischemic time, estimated blood loss, complications, and so on). RESULTS All cases were successfully completed without conversion to total adrenalectomy or open surgery. The mean operative time was 75 min (range 60-95), with a mean warm ischemia time of 12 min (range 8-17). The estimated blood loss was 20 mL (range 10-50). No intraoperative complications were observed, and no steroid replacement was given post-operatively. After a median follow-up period of 12 months (range 9-15), no evidence of disease recurrence was detected. CONCLUSIONS Robotic enucleation of adrenal masses is a safe and feasible procedure with excellent short-term functional and oncologic outcomes. Steroid supplementation is not necessary and recurrence is not usual with limited follow-up. Long-term follow-up and larger studies should be conducted to further evaluate outcomes of this robotic adrenal-sparing approach.
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Quadri P, Esposito S, Coleoglou A, Danielson KK, Masrur M, Giulianotti PC. Robotic Adrenalectomy: Are We Expanding the Indications of Minimally Invasive Surgery? J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2018; 29:19-23. [PMID: 30265584 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2018.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is accepted as the gold standard treatment for most adrenal pathologies. Open surgery is still considered the standard of care for large tumors and malignancies. In the past decade, robotic adrenalectomy (RA) has become an alternative to the laparoscopic and open approaches. The aim of this study was to analyze perioperative and postoperative outcomes in a series of consecutive nonselected patients undergoing a RA, to determine whether factors that negatively affect outcomes in LA (body mass index [BMI], size, and side of the tumor) have the same impact in RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a single-center single-surgeon retrospective study with 43 patients who underwent a RA. Patients were divided into different groups according to tumor size (cutoff values of 5 or 8 cm), tumor side (left/right), and BMI (cutoff value of kg/m2). Perioperative and postoperative outcomes included operative time, length of hospital stay, blood loss, readmissions, complications, and conversions to open. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups with tumors <5 cm versus ≥5 cm regarding gender, age, race, BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, history of previous abdominal surgery, tumor side, and histopathological diagnosis (all P values ≥.06). There were no significant differences in any of the outcomes analyzed with respect to the tumor size (all P values ≥.14) except for a higher occurrence of complications in patients with tumors ≥8 cm versus <8 cm (P = .03). There were no significant differences in any outcomes related to side (left versus right) of the tumor nor BMI (<30 versus ≥30 kg/m2). The overall readmission and conversion rates were both 2.3% and no mortalities were registered. CONCLUSION Patient's BMI, tumor side, and size did not demonstrate a negative impact on perioperative and postoperative outcomes of RA. This approach could potentially expand the indications of minimally invasive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Quadri
- 1 Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sofia Esposito
- 2 Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adrian Coleoglou
- 1 Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kirstie K Danielson
- 1 Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,2 Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mario Masrur
- 1 Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Pier C Giulianotti
- 1 Division of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Simone G, Anceschi U, Tuderti G, Misuraca L, Celia A, De Concilio B, Costantini M, Stigliano A, Minisola F, Ferriero M, Guaglianone S, Gallucci M. Robot-assisted Partial Adrenalectomy for the Treatment of Conn's Syndrome: Surgical Technique, and Perioperative and Functional Outcomes. Eur Urol 2018; 75:811-816. [PMID: 30077398 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era of minimally invasive surgery, partial adrenalectomy has certainly been underused. We aimed to report surgical technique and perioperative, pathologic, and early functional outcomes of a two-center robot-assisted partial adrenalectomy (RAPA) series. OBJECTIVE To detail surgical technique of RAPA for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (UAPA), and to report perioperative and 1-yr functional outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data of 10 consecutive patients who underwent RAPA for UAPA at two centers from June 2014 to April 2017 were prospectively collected and reported. SURGICAL PROCEDURE RAPA was performed using a standardized technique with the da Vinci Si in a three-arm configuration. MEASUREMENTS Baseline and perioperative data were reported. One-year functional outcomes were assessed according to primary aldosteronism surgery outcome guidelines. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS All cases were completed robotically. Median nodule size was 18mm (interquartile range [IQR] 16-20). Intraoperative blood loss was negligible. A single (10%) postoperative Clavien grade 2 complication occurred. Median hospital stay was 3 d (IQR 2-3). Patients became normotensive immediately after surgery (median pre- and postoperative blood pressure: 150/90 and 120/70mmHg, respectively). At both 3-mo and 1-yr functional evaluation, all patients achieved biochemical success (aldosterone level, plasmatic renin activity, and aldosterone-renin ratio within normal range). Complete clinical success was achieved in nine patients, but one required low-dose amlodipine at 6-mo evaluation. At a median follow-up of 30.5 mo (IQR 19-42), neither symptoms nor imaging recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated feasibility and safety of RAPA for UAPA; this technique had very low risk of complications and excellent functional results. Increased availability of robotic platform and increasing robotic skills among urologists make RAPA a treatment option with potential for widespread use in urologic community. PATIENT SUMMARY Robot-assisted partial adrenalectomy is a safe, feasible, and minimally invasive surgical approach. Promising perioperative and functional outcomes suggest an increasing adoption of this technique in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Umberto Anceschi
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tuderti
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Misuraca
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Celia
- Department of Urology, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano Del Grappa, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Costantini
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Stigliano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Minisola
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Gallucci
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Agrusa A, Romano G, Navarra G, Conzo G, Pantuso G, Buono GD, Citarrella R, Galia M, Monte AL, Cucinella G, Gulotta G. Innovation in endocrine surgery: robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Meta-analysis and systematic literature review. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102392-102400. [PMID: 29254254 PMCID: PMC5731964 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies in the last years demonstrated the better surgical outcome of laparoscopic approach to adrenal gland. Laparoscopic surgery is more difficult to learn and requires different psychomotor skills than open surgery, especially with regard to complex maneuvers requiring precision and dexterity. The development of robotic platform with three-dimensional vision and increased degrees of freedom of the surgical instruments has the aim to overcome these problems. We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis to evaluate preoperative data and surgical outcomes of robotic adrenalectomy compared with laparoscopic technique. In September 2016 we performed a systematic literature review using the Pubmed, Scopus and ISI web of knowledge database with search term “robotic adrenalectomy”. We identified 13 studies with eligible criteria that compared surgical outcomes. This present systematic review with meta-analysis includes 798 patients: 379 underwent to robotic adrenalectomy (cases group) and 419 to laparoscopic adrenalectomy (controls group). There were no significant differences between the two groups of patients respect to age, gender, laterality and tumor size. BMI instead was significant lower in the robotic group. In this group we found also patients with higher incidence of previous abdominal surgery. The results from operative time demonstrated lower operative time for laparoscopic group but there were no significant differences with robotic group. Robotic adrenalectomy showed a significant lower blood loss. Robotic adrenalectomy is a safe and feasible technique with reduced blood loss and shorter hospital stay than laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Laparoscopic approach seems to be a more rapid technique when comparing to robotic technique, although recent studies demonstrate a significant operative time reduction in robotic group with the learning curve improvement and the development of new surgical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Agrusa
- Department of General Surgery, Urgency and Organ Transplantation, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Romano
- Department of General Surgery, Urgency and Organ Transplantation, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Navarra
- Department of Human Pathology University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Conzo
- Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Pantuso
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Buono
- Department of General Surgery, Urgency and Organ Transplantation, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Citarrella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Galia
- Section of Radiology - Di.Bi.Me.F., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Attilio Lo Monte
- Department of General Surgery, Urgency and Organ Transplantation, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Cucinella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Gulotta
- Department of General Surgery, Urgency and Organ Transplantation, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Paduraru DN, Nica A, Carsote M, Valea A. Adrenalectomy for Cushing's syndrome: do's and don'ts. J Med Life 2016; 9:334-341. [PMID: 27928434 PMCID: PMC5141390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To present specific aspects of adrenalectomy for Cushing’s syndrome (CS) by introducing well established aspects (“do’s”) and less known aspects (“don’ts”). Material and Method. This is a narrative review. Results. The “do’s” for laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) are the following: it represents the “gold standard” for secretor and non-secretor adrenal tumors and the first line therapy for CS with an improvement of cardio-metabolic co-morbidities; the success rate depending on the adequate patients’ selection and the surgeon’s skills. The “don’ts” are large (>6-8 centimeters), locally invasive, malignant tumors requiring open adrenalectomy (OA). Robotic adrenalectomy is a new alternative for LA, with similar safety and conversion rate and lower pain drugs use. The “don’ts” are the following: lack of randomized controlled studies including oncologic outcome, different availability at surgical centers. Related to the sub-types of CS, the “do’s” are the following: adrenal adenomas which are cured by LA, while adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) requires adrenalectomy as first line therapy and adjuvant mitotane therapy; synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy (SBA) is useful for Cushing’s disease (only cases refractory to pituitary targeted therapy), for ectopic Cushing’s syndrome (cases with unknown or inoperable primary site), and for bilateral cortisol producing adenomas. The less established aspects are the following: criteria of skilled surgeon to approach ACC; the timing of surgery in subclinical CS; the need for adrenal vein catheterization (which is not available in many centers) to avoid unnecessary SBA. Conclusion. Adrenalectomy for CS is a dynamic domain; LA overstepped the former OA area. The future will improve the knowledge related to RA while the cutting edge is represented by a specific frame of intervention in SCS, children and pregnant women. Abbreviations: ACC = adrenocortical carcinoma, ACTH = Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, CD = Cushing’s disease, CS = Cushing’s syndrome, ECS = Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome, LA = laparoscopic adrenalectomy, OA = open adrenalectomy, PA = partial adrenalectomy, RA = robotic adrenalectomy, SCS = subclinical Cushing’ syndrome
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Paduraru
- Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Surgery, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Nica
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Anesthesiology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Carsote
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Endocrinology, "C. I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Valea
- "I. Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Endocrinology, Clinical County Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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