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Kenison JE, Stevens NA, Quintana FJ. Therapeutic induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:338-357. [PMID: 38086932 PMCID: PMC11145724 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic approaches for the induction of robust, long-lasting and antigen-specific immune tolerance remains an important unmet clinical need for the management of autoimmunity, allergy, organ transplantation and gene therapy. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of immune tolerance mechanisms have opened new research avenues and therapeutic opportunities in this area. Here, we review mechanisms of immune tolerance and novel methods for its therapeutic induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Kenison
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolas A Stevens
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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van Sleen Y, van der Geest KSM, Huckriede ALW, van Baarle D, Brouwer E. Effect of DMARDs on the immunogenicity of vaccines. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:560-575. [PMID: 37438402 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-00992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are important for protecting individuals at increased risk of severe infections, including patients undergoing DMARD therapy. However, DMARD therapy can also compromise the immune system, leading to impaired responses to vaccination. This Review focuses on the impact of DMARDs on influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, as such vaccines have been investigated most thoroughly. Various data suggest that B cell depletion therapy, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and abatacept substantially reduce the immunogenicity of these vaccines. However, the effects of glucocorticoids, methotrexate, TNF inhibitors and JAK inhibitors on vaccine responses remain unclear and could depend on the dosage and type of vaccination. Vaccination is aimed at initiating robust humoral and cellular vaccine responses, which requires efficient interactions between antigen-presenting cells, T cells and B cells. DMARDs impair these cells in different ways and to different degrees, such as the prevention of antigen-presenting cell maturation, alteration of T cell differentiation and selective inhibition of B cell subsets, thus inhibiting processes that are necessary for an effective vaccine response. Innovative modified vaccination strategies are needed to improve vaccination responses in patients undergoing DMARD therapy and to protect these patients from the severe outcomes of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick van Sleen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Kornelis S M van der Geest
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anke L W Huckriede
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Brouwer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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3
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Huo A, Wang F. Biomarkers of ulcerative colitis disease activity CXCL1, CYP2R1, LPCAT1, and NEU4 and their relationship to immune infiltrates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12126. [PMID: 37495756 PMCID: PMC10372061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39012-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and assessment of ulcerative colitis (UC) poses significant challenges, which may result in inadequate treatment and a poor prognosis for patients. This study aims to identify potential activity biomarkers for UC and investigate the role of infiltrating immune cells in the disease. To perform gene set enrichment analysis, we utilized the cluster profiler and ggplot2 packages. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes was used to analyze degenerate enrichment genes. Significant gene set enrichment was determined using the cluster profiler and ggplot2 packages. Additionally, quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to validate the expression of each marker in the ulcerative colitis model. We identified 651 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and further investigated potential UC activity biomarkers. Our analysis revealed that CXCL1 (AUC = 0.710), CYP2R1 (AUC = 0.863), LPCAT1 (AUC = 0.783), and NEU4 (AUC = 0.833) were promising activity markers for the diagnosis of UC. Using rat DSS model, we validated these markers through qRT-PCR, which showed statistically significant differences between UC and normal colon mucosa. Infiltrating immune cell analysis indicated that M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, activated dendritic cells (DCs), and neutrophils played crucial roles in the occurrence and progression of UC. Moreover, the activity markers exhibited varying degrees of correlation with activated memory CD4 T cells, M0 macrophages, T follicular helper cells, memory B cells, and activated DCs. The potential diagnostic genes for UC activity, such as CXCL1, CYP2R1, LPCAT1, and NEU4, as well as the infiltration of immune cells, may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijing Huo
- Department of Nephropathy and Immunology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, No. 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, No. 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
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4
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Carenza C, Franzese S, Castagna A, Terzoli S, Simonelli M, Persico P, Bello L, Nibali MC, Pessina F, Kunderfranco P, Peano C, Balin S, Mikulak J, Calcaterra F, Bonecchi R, Savino B, Locati M, Della Bella S, Mavilio D. Perioperative corticosteroid treatment impairs tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells in patients with newly diagnosed adult-type diffuse gliomas. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1074762. [PMID: 36703985 PMCID: PMC9872516 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1074762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adult-type diffuse gliomas are malignant primary brain tumors characterized by very poor prognosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key in priming antitumor effector functions in cancer, but their role in gliomas remains poorly understood. Methods In this study, we characterized tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) in adult patients with newly diagnosed diffuse gliomas by using multi-parametric flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing. Results We demonstrated that different subsets of DCs are present in the glioma microenvironment, whereas they are absent in cancer-free brain parenchyma. The largest cluster of TIDCs was characterized by a transcriptomic profile suggestive of severe functional impairment. Patients undergoing perioperative corticosteroid treatment showed a significant reduction of conventional DC1s, the DC subset with key functions in antitumor immunity. They also showed phenotypic and transcriptional evidence of a more severe functional impairment of TIDCs. Discussion Overall, the results of this study indicate that functionally impaired DCs are recruited in the glioma microenvironment. They are severely affected by dexamethasone administration, suggesting that the detrimental effects of corticosteroids on DCs may represent one of the mechanisms contributing to the already reported negative prognostic impact of steroids on glioma patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carenza
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Franzese
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Castagna
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Terzoli
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Simonelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Persico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bello
- Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Conti Nibali
- Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Pessina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Balin
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mikulak
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Calcaterra
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Chemokine Biology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Savino
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Della Bella
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Silvia Della Bella, ; Domenico Mavilio,
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Silvia Della Bella, ; Domenico Mavilio,
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5
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Zhang T, Peng H, Li Y, Zhou X, Pu W, Zhang Y, Du Z, Wei F, Li S, Zhou Q. Indirubin regulates T cell differentiation by promoting αVβ8 expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease. Phytother Res 2023; 37:89-100. [PMID: 36161389 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a disease that can invade the whole digestive tract and is accompanied by immune abnormalities. Immune dysfunction involving dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells is recognized as a key factor in diseases. Indirubin (IDRB) exerts antiinflammatory effects and can help in treating immune diseases. This study aimed to isolate bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to obtain mature DCs (mDCs). The expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC-II was detected using flow cytometry after treatment with IDRB. αVβ8 siRNA was used to knock down αVβ8 in mDCs, and the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC-II was detected. Meanwhile, DCs were co-cultured with T cells. Then, T cell differentiation was detected using flow cytometry, and the cytokine levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The animal model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease was established in mice. After intervention with IDRB and αVβ8 shRNA, the intestinal tissues were evaluated using H&E staining, disease activity index (DAI) score, and histological damage index, and the corresponding factors and cytokines to regulatory T cells (Treg) and Th17 were measured. The results showed that αVβ8 was expressed in immature DCs and mDCs. CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC-II expression decreased after IDRB treatment in mDCs. Meanwhile, the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β also decreased after IDRB treatment. The effect of IDRB on the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, MHC-II, TNF-α, and TGF-β in mDCs was reversed by αVβ8 siRNA. The Treg differentiation increased after IDRB treatment, while the differentiation of Th17 cells was inhibited. This effect of IDRB was reversed by mDCs after treatment with αVβ8 siRNA. In vivo experiments showed that IDRB alleviated the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease in animals. Enteritis significantly reduced, and the effect of IDRB was reversed by αVβ8 shRNA. The results suggested that IDRB regulated the differentiation of T cells by mediating the maturation of BMDCs through αVβ8. This study confirmed the therapeutic effect of IDRB in inflammatory bowel disease and suggested that IDRB might serve as a potential drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenfeng Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhonghan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuxia Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Siqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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6
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Jenei V, Burai S, Molnár T, Kardos B, Mácsik R, Tóth M, Debreceni Z, Bácsi A, Mázló A, Koncz G. Comparison of the immunomodulatory potential of platinum-based anti-cancer drugs and anthracyclins on human monocyte-derived cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:53-66. [PMID: 36451019 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are important contributors to anti-tumor immune responses. However, these highly plastic cells are also the primary targets of tumor manipulation, which may result in the development of tumor-promoting subtypes. The effect of chemotherapeutic agents on tumor cells is an area of intense study, but little is known about their effects on innate immune cells.We investigated the effects of four chemotherapeutic drugs (two platinum-based agents; oxaliplatin and cisplatin, and two anthracyclines; doxorubicin and epirubicin) on the differentiation, function, and viability of macrophages and DCs. Macrophages and DCs were differentiated from monocytes in the presence of these chemotherapeutic drugs and we compared their cell surface receptor expression, cytokine production, and chemotactic- and T-cell-polarizing ability.We have shown that differentiation in the presence of anthracyclines dose-dependently increases CTLA-4 expression in DCs. Antineoplastic agent-driven differentiation strongly modified the CCL2- or CCL5-induced chemotactic activity of both macrophages and DCs. DCs differentiated in the presence of high-dose cisplatin and a low dose of epirubicin promoted regulatory T-cell development, whereas oxaliplatin at specific doses induced both DCs and macrophages to enhance cytotoxic T-cell responses. Furthermore, we found that inflammatory macrophages are more sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cell death than their counterparts.In summary, our results confirm that chemotherapeutic agents acting on a similar basis may have different effects on the anti-tumor immune response. Treatment with optimal dose, combinations, and timing of chemotherapy may determine tumor immunity and the metastatic potential of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Jenei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Sára Burai
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Tamás Molnár
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kardos
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Mácsik
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Márta Tóth
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Debreceni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Koncz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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7
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Hong W, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. New Insights of CCR7 Signaling in Dendritic Cell Migration and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:841687. [PMID: 35281921 PMCID: PMC8914285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.841687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR7, collaborated with its ligands CCL19 and CCL21, controls extensive migratory events in the immune system. CCR7-bearing dendritic cells can swarm into T-cell zones in lymph nodes, initiating the antigen presentation and T-cell response. Abnormal expression of CCR7 in dendritic cells will cause a series of inflammatory diseases due to the chaotic dendritic cell trafficking. In this review, we take an in-depth look at the structural–functional domains of CCR7 and CCR7-bearing dendritic cell trajectory to lymph nodes. Then, we summarize the regulatory network of CCR7, including transcriptional regulation, translational and posttranslational regulation, internalization, desensitization, and recycling. Furthermore, the potential strategies of targeting the CCR7 network to regulate dendritic cell migration and to deal with inflammatory diseases are integrated, which not only emphasizes the possibility of CCR7 to be a potential target of immunotherapy but also has an implication on the homing of dendritic cells to benefit inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Hong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinjie Weng, ; Jiajia Wang,
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinjie Weng, ; Jiajia Wang,
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8
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Immunomodulatory Properties of Masticadienonic Acid and 3α-Hydroxy Masticadienoic Acid in Dendritic Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041451. [PMID: 35209237 PMCID: PMC8879852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells, which identify and process pathogens to subsequently activate specific T lymphocytes. To regulate the immune responses, DCs have to mature by the recognition of TLR ligands, TNFα or IFNγ. These ligands have been used as adjuvants to activate DCs in situ or in vitro, with toxic effects. It has been shown that some molecules affect the immune system, e.g., Masticadienonic acid (MDA) and 3α-hydroxy masticadienoic acid (3α-OH MDA) triterpenes naturally occurring in several medicinal plants, since they activate the nitric oxide synthase in macrophages and induce T lymphocyte proliferation. The DCs maturation induced by MDA or 3a-OH MDA was determined by incubating these cells with MDA or 3α-OH MDA, and their phenotype was afterwards analyzed. The results showed that only 3α-OH MDA was able to induce DCs maturation. When mice with melanoma were inoculated with DCs/3α-OH MDA, a decreased tumor growth rate was observed along with an extended cell death area within tumors compared to mice treated with DCs incubated with MDA. In conclusion, it is proposed that 3α-OH MDA may be an immunostimulant molecule. Conversely, it is proposed that MDA may be a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties.
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9
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Nakamura Y, Taguchi S, Kinjo M, Tambo M, Okegawa T, Fukuhara H. Adrenal metastasis in nivolumab‐treated renal cell carcinoma: A unique entity as a sanctuary site. Int J Urol 2022; 29:597-599. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.14833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nakamura
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoru Taguchi
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
| | - Manami Kinjo
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Tambo
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
| | - Takatsugu Okegawa
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology Kyorin University School of Medicine Mitaka Tokyo Japan
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10
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Advantages and drawbacks of dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103625. [PMID: 35158070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widespread, malignant, and deadliest type of glial tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery, the median survival of afflicted individuals is about 12 months. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic interventions are abysmal. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been used for many years to treat brain edema and inflammation caused by GBM. Several investigations have recently shown that Dex also exerts antitumoral effects against GBM. On the other hand, more recent disputed findings have questioned the long-held dogma of Dex treatment for GBM. Unfortunately, steroids are associated with various undesirable side effects, including severe immunosuppression and metabolic changes like hyperglycemia, which may impair the survival of GBM patients. Current ideas and concerns about Dex's effects on GBM cerebral edema, cell proliferation, migration, and its clinical outcomes were investigated in this study.
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11
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Li A, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Li T, Zhang J, Li C. The human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose attenuates β-lactoglobulin-induced food allergy through the miR-146a-mediated toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:10473-10484. [PMID: 34334202 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous experiments have confirmed that human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and its main component 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), as prebiotics, could effectively alleviate cow milk allergy by regulating the intestinal microecology. This study intended to further explore the molecular mechanism of HMO regulating intestinal immunity. The results of the allergic mouse model showed that oral administration of 2'-FL or HMO reduced β-lactoglobulin (β-LG)-induced serum-specific IgE secretion and mast cell degranulation, while reducing the inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-6 production and promoting the miR-146a expression. In vitro results further confirmed that 2'-FL or HMO treatment reduced allergen-induced secretion of iNOS, NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species in RAW264.7 cells. At the same time, in contrast to the β-LG group, 2'-FL dose-dependently inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and upregulated miR-146a expression, and the effect of the 2'-FL mid-dose group was similar to that of the HMO intervention group. In particular, adding miR-146a inhibitors to macrophages attenuated the inhibitory effect of 2'-FL on the expression of TRAF6 and IRAKI in the TLR4 pathway, suggesting that miR-146a might be involved in the immune regulation of 2'-FL. The above results indicated that 2'-FL had a similar effect to HMOs, and its effect of reducing β-LG allergy might be related to the regulation of miR-146a to inhibit TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Congwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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12
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Regulatory Macrophages and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Myeloid Regulatory Cell-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157970. [PMID: 34360736 PMCID: PMC8348814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid regulatory cell-based therapy has been shown to be a promising cell-based medicinal approach in organ transplantation and for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most efficient antigen-presenting cells and can naturally acquire tolerogenic properties through a variety of differentiation signals and stimuli. Several subtypes of DCs have been generated using additional agents, including vitamin D3, rapamycin and dexamethasone, or immunosuppressive cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). These cells have been extensively studied in animals and humans to develop clinical-grade tolerogenic (tol)DCs. Regulatory macrophages (Mregs) are another type of protective myeloid cell that provide a tolerogenic environment, and have mainly been studied within the context of research on organ transplantation. This review aims to thoroughly describe the ex vivo generation of tolDCs and Mregs, their mechanism of action, as well as their therapeutic application and assessment in human clinical trials.
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13
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Reece SW, Varikuti S, Kilburg-Basnyat B, Dunigan-Russell K, Hodge MX, Luo B, Madenspacher JH, Thomas SY, Tokarz DA, Tighe RM, Cook DN, Fessler MB, Gowdy KM. Scavenger Receptor BI Attenuates IL-17A-Dependent Neutrophilic Inflammation in Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:698-708. [PMID: 33647226 PMCID: PMC8456883 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0007oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common respiratory disease currently affecting more than 300 million worldwide and is characterized by airway inflammation, hyperreactivity, and remodeling. It is a heterogeneous disease consisting of corticosteroid-sensitive T-helper cell type 2-driven eosinophilic and corticosteroid-resistant, T-helper cell type 17-driven neutrophilic phenotypes. One pathway recently described to regulate asthma pathogenesis is cholesterol trafficking. Scavenger receptors, in particular SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type I), are known to direct cellular cholesterol uptake and efflux. We recently defined SR-BI functions in pulmonary host defense; however, the function of SR-BI in asthma pathogenesis is unknown. To elucidate the role of SR-BI in allergic asthma, SR-BI-sufficient (SR-BI+/+) and SR-BI-deficient (SR-BI-/-) mice were sensitized (Days 0 and 7) and then challenged (Days 14, 15, and 16) with a house dust mite (HDM) preparation administered through oropharyngeal aspiration. Airway inflammation and cytokine production were quantified on Day 17. When compared with SR-BI+/+ mice, the HDM-challenged SR-BI-/- mice had increased neutrophils and pulmonary IL-17A production in BAL fluid. This augmented IL-17A production in SR-BI-/- mice originated from a non-T-cell source that included neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. Given that SR-BI regulates adrenal steroid hormone production, we tested whether the changes in SR-BI-/- mice were glucocorticoid dependent. Indeed, SR-BI-/- mice were adrenally insufficient during the HDM challenge, and corticosterone replacement decreased pulmonary neutrophilia and IL-17A production in SR-BI-/- mice. Taken together, these data indicate that SR-BI dampens pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation and IL-17A production in allergic asthma at least in part by maintaining adrenal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sky W. Reece
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Sanjay Varikuti
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Brita Kilburg-Basnyat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Katelyn Dunigan-Russell
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Myles X. Hodge
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer H. Madenspacher
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Seddon Y. Thomas
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Debra A. Tokarz
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Robert M. Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Donald N. Cook
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Michael B. Fessler
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Kymberly M. Gowdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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14
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Chatzidionysiou K, Liapi M, Tsakonas G, Gunnarsson I, Catrina A. Treatment of rheumatic immune-related adverse events due to cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors-is it time for a paradigm shift? Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:1687-1695. [PMID: 32989505 PMCID: PMC8102438 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment during the last years. Several monoclonal antibodies that are specific for regulatory checkpoint molecules, that is, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have been approved and are currently in use for various types of cancer in different lines of treatment. Cancer immunotherapy aims for enhancing the immune response against cancer cells. Despite their high efficacy, ICIs are associated to a new spectrum of adverse events of autoimmune origin, often referred to as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which limit the utility of these drugs. These irAEs are quite common and can affect almost every organ. The grade of toxicity varies from very mild to life-threatening. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind these events are not fully understood. In this review, we will summarize current evidence specifically regarding the rheumatic irAEs and we will focus on current and future treatment strategies. Treatment guidelines largely support the use of glucocorticoids as first-line therapy, when symptomatic therapy is not efficient, and for more persistent and/or moderate/severe degree of inflammation. Targeted therapies are higher up in the treatment pyramid, after inadequate response to glucocorticoids and conventional, broad immunosuppressive agents, and for severe forms of irAEs. However, preclinical data provide evidence that raise concerns regarding the potential risk of impaired antitumoral effect. This potential risk of glucocorticoids, together with the high efficacy and potential synergistic effect of newer, targeted immunomodulation, such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 blockade, could support a paradigm shift, where more targeted treatments are considered earlier in the treatment sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Chatzidionysiou
- Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Matina Liapi
- Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios Tsakonas
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anca Catrina
- Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Cohen R, Jonchère V, De La Fouchardière C, Ratovomanana T, Letourneur Q, Ayadi M, Armenoult L, Buisson A, Sarabi M, Pellat A, Colle R, Paye F, Meeus P, Svrcek M, Duval A, Andre T. Adrenal gland as a sanctuary site for immunotherapy in patients with microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001903. [PMID: 33579738 PMCID: PMC7883858 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC) harboring microsatellite instability (MSI) are sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but the mechanisms of resistance to ICIs remain unclear. Dissociated responses in patients with ICI-treated cancer suggest that certain organs may serve as sanctuary sites due to the tumor microenvironment. This case series describes five patients with ICI-treated MSI mCRC with disease progression limited to the adrenal glands. At ICI initiation, three patients were free of metastasis in the adrenal glands. Four patients experienced objective response per RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) while treated with ICI. ICI treatment was discontinued due to progressive disease limited to the adrenal glands (n=3) or toxicity (n=2). The time between ICI initiation and progression in the adrenal glands ranged from 11 to 39 months. Adrenalectomy (n=3) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (n=2) were performed. At the last follow-up, all patients were alive and progression free. Molecular analyses were performed in one patient. A significant impairment of the antigen presentation pathway was observed in the ICI-resistant lesion of the adrenal gland, which could be explained by the presence of glucocorticoids in the adrenal gland microenvironment. We also detected an overexpression of TSC22D3, a glucocorticoid-target gene that functions as a mediator of anti-inflammation and immunosuppression. This case series suggests that the adrenal glands may be the sanctuary sites for ICI-treated MSI mCRC through the glucocorticoid-induced impairment of the antigen presentation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Cohen
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Jonchère
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | - Toky Ratovomanana
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Letourneur
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Mira Ayadi
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Armenoult
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Buisson
- Centre Léon Berard, Department of Biopathology, Lyon, Paris
| | - Matthieu Sarabi
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Anna Pellat
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Colle
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Francois Paye
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Meeus
- Centre Leon Berard, Department of Surgery, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Pathology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alex Duval
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Andre
- Sorbonne Université; Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 938, Équipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Équipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer et SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
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16
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Wang B, Kasper M, Laffer B, Meyer zu Hörste G, Wasmuth S, Busch M, Jalilvand TV, Thanos S, Heiligenhaus A, Bauer D, Heinz C. Increased Hydrostatic Pressure Promotes Primary M1 Reaction and Secondary M2 Polarization in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573955. [PMID: 33154752 PMCID: PMC7591771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic anterior uveitis are at particularly high risk of developing secondary glaucoma when corticosteroids [e.g., dexamethasone (Dex)] are used or when inflammatory activity has regressed. Macrophage migration into the eye increases when secondary glaucoma develops and may play an important role in the development of secondary glaucoma. Our aim was to evaluate in vitro if increased hydrostatic pressure and corticosteroids could induce changes in macrophages phenotype. By using a pressure chamber cell culture system, we assessed the effect of increased hydrostatic pressure (HP), inflammation, and immunosuppression (Dex) on the M1/M2 phenotype of macrophages. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with medium, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/ml), Dex (200 ng/ml), or LPS + Dex and incubated with different HP (0, 20, or 60 mmHg) for 2 or 7 days. The numbers of CD86+/CD206- (M1 phenotype), CD86-/CD206+ (M2 phenotype), CD86+/CD206+ (intermediate phenotype), F4/80+/TNF-α+, and F4/80+/IL-10+ macrophages were determined by flow cytometry. TNF-α and IL-10 levels in cell culture supernatants were quantified by ELISA. TNF-α, IL-10, fibronectin, and collagen IV expression in BMDMs were detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Higher HP polarizes macrophages primarily to an M1 phenotype (LPS, 60 vs. 0 mmHg, d2: p = 0.0034) with less extra cellular matrix (ECM) production and secondary to an M2 phenotype (medium, 60 vs. 0 mmHg, d7: p = 0.0089) (medium, 60 vs. 20 mmHg, d7: p = 0.0433) with enhanced ECM production. Dex induces an M2 phenotype (Dex, medium vs. Dex, d2: p < 0.0001; d7: p < 0.0001) with more ECM production. Higher HP further increased M2 polarization of Dex-treated macrophages (Dex, 60 vs. 0 mmHg, d2: p = 0.0417; d7: p = 0.0454). These changes in the M1/M2 phenotype by high HP or Dex treatment may play a role in the pathogenesis of secondary uveitic glaucoma- or glucocorticoid (GC)-induced glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Maren Kasper
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Laffer
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerd Meyer zu Hörste
- Institution of Neurology and Institution for Translational Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Wasmuth
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Solon Thanos
- Institution of Experimental Ophthalmology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Arnd Heiligenhaus
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
- Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk Bauer
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Heinz
- Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
- Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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17
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Jia J, Zheng K, Shen H, Yu J, Zhu P, Yan S, Xu Y, Zhu L, Lu Y, Gu P, Feng W. Qingchang Huashi granule ameliorates experimental colitis via restoring the dendritic cell-mediated Th17/Treg balance. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:291. [PMID: 32967687 PMCID: PMC7510084 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balance between T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is involved in immunological tolerance. Destruction of immunological tolerance by dendritic cell (DC)-mediated T cells is involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Qingchang Huashi granule (QCHS) has been confirmed in the treatment of UC involved by inhibiting the activation of DCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism through which QCHS restores the Th17/Treg balance by modulating DCs in the treatment of UC. METHODS The effects of QCHS on Th17 cells, Tregs and DCs were detected in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis model. Furthermore, we injected QCHS-treated DCs into colitis model to test whether QCHS modulates the Th17/Treg balance via DCs. Tregs and Th17 cells were analyzed by FACS. IL-10, IL-17, and Foxp3 were measured by ELISA, Western blot and qRT-PCR. RESULTS Both QCHS and QCHS-treated DCs improved colonic histopathology, diminished Th17 cell differentiation and inhibited IL-17 production while promoting CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg differentiation and augmenting IL-10 and Foxp3 expression in colitis mice. Additionally, QCHS reduced CD86 and MHC-II expression on DCs, decreased IL-12 production ex vivo and restored the Th17/Treg ratio in the colitis model. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that QCHS ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis by restoring the DC-mediated Th17/Treg balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shihai Yan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuelin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peiqing Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
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18
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Deciphering Additional Roles for the EF-Tu, l-Asparaginase II and OmpT Proteins of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081184. [PMID: 32759661 PMCID: PMC7464798 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis. STEC O157:H7 is the most clinically relevant serotype in the world. The major virulence determinants of STEC O157:H7 are the Shiga toxins and the locus of enterocyte effacement. However, several accessory virulence factors, mainly outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that interact with the host cells may contribute to the virulence of this pathogen. Previously, the elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu), l-asparaginase II and OmpT proteins were identified as antigens in OMP extracts of STEC. The known subcellular location of EF-Tu and l-asparaginase II are the cytoplasm and periplasm, respectively. Therefore, we investigate whether these two proteins may localize on the surface of STEC and, if so, what roles they have at this site. On the other hand, the OmpT protein, a well characterized protease, has been described as participating in the adhesion of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strains. Thus, we investigate whether OmpT has this role in STEC. Our results show that the EF-Tu and l-asparaginase II are secreted by O157:H7 and may also localize on the surface of this bacterium. EF-Tu was identified in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), suggesting it as a possible export mechanism for this protein. Notably, we found that l-asparaginase II secreted by O157:H7 inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation, but the role of EF-Tu at the surface of this bacterium remains to be elucidated. In the case of OmpT, we show its participation in the adhesion of O157:H7 to human epithelial cells. Thus, this study extends the knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms of STEC.
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19
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Zhu S, Yang N, Wu J, Wang X, Wang W, Liu YJ, Chen J. Tumor microenvironment-related dendritic cell deficiency: a target to enhance tumor immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104980. [PMID: 32504832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), as specialized antigen-presenting cells, are essential for the initiation of specific T cell responses in innate antitumor immunity and, in certain cases, support humoral responses to inhibit tumor development. Mounting evidence suggests that the DC system displays a broad spectrum of dysfunctional status in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which ultimately affects antitumor immune responses. DC-based therapy can restore the function of DCs in the TME, thus showing a promising potential in tumor therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the DC deficiency caused by various factors in the TME and discuss proposed strategies to reverse DC deficiency and the applications of novel combinatorial DC-based therapy for immune normalization of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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20
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Ma Y, Yang H, Kroemer G. Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids abolish the efficacy of immune-dependent cancer therapies. Oncoimmunology 2019; 9:1673635. [PMID: 32002285 PMCID: PMC6959448 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1673635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids mediate potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. A chronic elevation of the endogenous glucocorticoid tonus subsequent to mental stress, as well as continuous treatment with exogenous glucocorticoids, activate an immunosuppressive transcription factor, TSC22D3, in dendritic cells, causing the subversion of cancer therapy-elicited antineoplastic immune responses and subsequent therapeutic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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