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Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Hammaker D, Kochetkova I, Khlebnikov AI, Lyakhov SA, Firestein GS, Quinn MT. Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Joint Protection in Collagen-Induced Arthritis after Treatment with IQ-1S, a Selective c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 353:505-16. [PMID: 25784649 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.220251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) participate in many physiologic and pathologic processes, including inflammatory diseases. We recently synthesized the sodium salt of IQ-1S (11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime) and demonstrated that it is a high-affinity JNK inhibitor and inhibits murine delayed-type hypersensitivity. Here we show that IQ-1S is highly specific for JNK and that its neutral form is the most abundant species at physiologic pH. Molecular docking of the IQ-1S syn isomer into the JNK1 binding site gave the best pose, which corresponded to the position of cocrystallized JNK inhibitor SP600125 (1,9-pyrazoloanthrone). Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of IQ-1S showed that it inhibited matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3 gene expression induced by interleukin-1β in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and significantly attenuated development of murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Treatment with IQ-1S either before or after induction of CIA resulted in decreased clinical scores, and joint sections from IQ-1S-treated CIA mice exhibited only mild signs of inflammation and minimal cartilage loss compared with those from control mice. Collagen II-specific antibody responses were also reduced by IQ-1S treatment. By contrast, the inactive ketone derivative 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one had no effect on CIA clinical scores or collagen II-specific antibody titers. IQ-1S treatment also suppressed proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in joints and lymph node cells. Finally, treatment with IQ-1S increased the number of Foxp3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in lymph nodes. Thus, IQ-1S can reduce inflammation and cartilage loss associated with CIA and can serve as a small-molecule modulator for mechanistic studies of JNK function in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Deepa Hammaker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Irina Kochetkova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Sergey A Lyakhov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (I.A.S., L.N.K., I.K., M.T.Q.); Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California (D.H., G.S.F.); Department of Chemistry, Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia (A.I.K.); Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia (A.I.K.); and A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine (S.A.L.)
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Toyota H, Sudo K, Kojima K, Yanase N, Nagao T, Takahashi RH, Iobe H, Kuwabara T, Kakiuchi T, Mizuguchi J. Thy28 protects against anti-CD3-mediated thymic cell death in vivo. Apoptosis 2014; 20:444-54. [PMID: 25547913 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death plays a pivotal role in the development and/or maintenance of several tissues including thymus. Deregulated thymic cell death is associated with autoimmune diseases including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a prototype murine model for analysis of human multiple sclerosis. Because Thy28 expression is modulated during thymocyte development, we tested whether Thy28 affects induction of EAE as effectively as antigen-induced thymocyte deletion using Thy28 transgenic (TG) mice. Thy28 TG mice showed partial resistance to anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-induced thymic cell death in vivo, as assessed by annexin V-expression and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The resistance to anti-CD3 mAb-induced cell death in Thy28 TG mice appeared to correlate with a decreased c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and reduced down-regulation of Bcl-xL. Moreover, thymic hyperplasia was detected in Thy28 TG mice, although thymocyte development was unaltered. Development of peripheral lymphoid tissues including spleen and lymph nodes was also unaltered. Thy28 TG spleen T cells showed an increased production of IFN-γ, but not IL-17, in response to both anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs. Finally, Thy28 TG mice displayed accelerated induction of EAE as assessed by disease incidence, clinical score, and pathology following immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein compared with control WT mice. These findings suggest that modulation of Thy28 expression plays a crucial role in the determination of thymic cell fate, which may contribute to the development of EAE through proinflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toyota
- Department of Immunology and Intractable Immunology Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan,
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Takada E, Furuhata M, Nakae S, Ichijo H, Sudo K, Mizuguchi J. Requirement of apoptosis-inducing kinase 1 for the induction of bronchial asthma following stimulation with ovalbumin. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 162:104-14. [PMID: 23921222 DOI: 10.1159/000353240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, is activated by environmental stress and plays a crucial role in the induction of apoptosis and inflammation. To examine whether ASK1 is involved in the induction of bronchial asthma, we investigated the role of ASK1 using a genetic approach in the production of cytokines, as well as the development of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and antibody responses using a murine airway inflammation model. METHODS ASK1-deficient (ASK1(-/-)) and control wild-type (WT) mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) without alum intraperitoneally, followed by intranasal administration of OVA. Airway infiltration of inflammatory cells, cytokine production, AHR and antibody production were assayed. The asthmatic phenotype was assessed following intranasal administration of IL-13 or TNF-α. RESULTS ASK1(-/-) mice sensitized with OVA displayed an impaired inflammatory cell infiltration into airways and a decreased AHR relative to WT mice. Moreover, the production of OVA-specific IgE antibodies and proasthmatic cytokines (IL-5, IL-13 and TNF-α) was substantially reduced in OVA-stimulated ASK1(-/-) mice. Intranasal administration of IL-13 and OVA enhanced the accumulation of inflammatory cells in OVA-primed ASK1(-/-) mice. The OVA-induced AHR in response to methacholine was enhanced by IL-13 in WT mice but not ASK1(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS The ASK1 signaling pathway regulates the OVA-induced asthmatic phenotype, specifically AHR sensitivity and cytokine production. Therefore, the ASK1 signaling pathway is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in some asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Takada
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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