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Draz MS, Venkataramani M, Lakshminarayanan H, Saygili E, Moazeni M, Vasan A, Li Y, Sun X, Hua S, Yu XG, Shafiee H. Nanoparticle-enhanced electrical detection of Zika virus on paper microchips. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11841-11849. [PMID: 29881853 PMCID: PMC6033661 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a reemerging flavivirus causing an ongoing pandemic and public health emergency worldwide. There are currently no effective vaccines or specific therapy for Zika infection. Rapid, low-cost diagnostics for mass screening and early detection are of paramount importance in timely management of the infection at the point-of-care (POC). The current Zika diagnostics are laboratory-based and cannot be implemented at the POC particularly in resource-limited settings. Here, we develop a nanoparticle-enhanced viral lysate electrical sensing assay for Zika virus detection on paper microchips with printed electrodes. The virus is isolated from biological samples using antibodies and labeled with platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) to enhance the electrical signal. The captured ZIKV-PtNP complexes are lysed using a detergent to release the electrically charged molecules associated with the intact virus and the PtNPs on the captured viruses. The released charged molecules and PtNPs change the electrical conductivity of the solution, which can be measured on a cellulose paper microchip with screen-printed microelectrodes. The results confirmed a highly specific detection of ZIKV in the presence of other non-targeted viruses, including closely related flaviviruses such as dengue virus-1 and dengue virus-2 with a detection limit down to 101 virus particles per μl. The developed assay is simple, rapid, and cost-effective and has the potential for POC diagnosis of viral infections and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shehata Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Draz MS, Moazeni M, Venkataramani M, Lakshminarayanan H, Saygili E, Lakshminaraasimulu NK, Kochehbyoki KM, Kanakasabapathy MK, Shabahang S, Vasan A, Bijarchi MA, Memic A, Shafiee H. Hybrid Paper-Plastic Microchip for Flexible and High-Performance Point-of-Care Diagnostics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1707161. [PMID: 30416415 PMCID: PMC6223320 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201707161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and easy-to-fabricate microchip remains a key challenge for the development of true point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. Cellulose paper and plastic are thin, light, flexible, and abundant raw materials, which make them excellent substrates for mass production of POC devices. Herein, a hybrid paper-plastic microchip (PPMC) is developed, which can be used for both single and multiplexed detection of different targets, providing flexibility in the design and fabrication of the microchip. The developed PPMC with printed electronics is evaluated for sensitive and reliable detection of a broad range of targets, such as liver and colon cancer protein biomarkers, intact Zika virus, and human papillomavirus nucleic acid amplicons. The presented approach allows a highly specific detection of the tested targets with detection limits as low as 102 ng mL-1 for protein biomarkers, 103 particle per milliliter for virus particles, and 102 copies per microliter for a target nucleic acid. This approach can potentially be considered for the development of inexpensive and stable POC microchip diagnostics and is suitable for the detection of a wide range of microbial infections and cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shehata Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Maryam Moazeni
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manasa Venkataramani
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harini Lakshminarayanan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ecem Saygili
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nivethitha Kota Lakshminaraasimulu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kamyar Mehrabi Kochehbyoki
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shirin Shabahang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anish Vasan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohamad Ali Bijarchi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adnan Memic
- Center for Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Das A, Mondal B, Bose A, Biswas J, Baral R, Pal S. Therapeutic anti-NLGP monoclonal antibody for carcinoembryonic antigen expressing tumors is nontoxic to Swiss and BALB/c mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:785-93. [PMID: 26283593 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A murine monoclonal antibody (mAb), 1C8 was developed against a novel glycoprotein NLGP and its unique property to recognize carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was reported. Utilizing this CEA recognizing property, 1C8 is successful to restrict the growth of CEA(+) murine and human cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we have thoroughly evaluated the toxicity profile of this mAb 1C8 on different physiological systems of both tumor-free and tumor-bearing Swiss and BALB/c mice. Effective concentration (25 μg/mice) of 1C8 caused no behavioral changes in animals and no death was recorded. Moreover, little increase in the body and organ weights in all mice groups was noted. MAb 1C8 showed no adverse effect on the hematological system, but little hematostimulation was noticed, as evidenced by increased hemoglobin content, leukocyte count and lymphocyte numbers. Liver enzymes like alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT and nephrological products like urea and creatinine assessment confirmed no abnormalities in both hepatic and renal functions. Number of T cells, B cells, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells was upregulated in vivo by mAb treatment with significant downregulation of regulatory T cells. During this treatment serum levels of type 1 cytokines were upregulated over type 2 cytokines. This mAb 1C8 also did not induce any significant increase in antibody titer following treatment. Accumulated evidences from Swiss and BALB/c mice strongly suggest that this mAb 1C8 is completely safe, thus, can be recommended for further clinical trial for the therapy of CEA(+) tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Das
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India; Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Bipasa Mondal
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Medical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Smarajit Pal
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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