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Andersen BJ, Rosa BA, Kupritz J, Meite A, Serge T, Hertz MI, Curtis K, King CL, Mitreva M, Fischer PU, Weil GJ. Systems analysis-based assessment of post-treatment adverse events in lymphatic filariasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007697. [PMID: 31557154 PMCID: PMC6762072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease, and the Global Program to Eliminate LF delivers mass drug administration (MDA) to 500 million people every year. Adverse events (AEs) are common after LF treatment. Methodology/Principal findings To better understand the pathogenesis of AEs, we studied LF-patients from a treatment trial. Plasma levels of many filarial antigens increased post-treatment in individuals with AEs, and this is consistent with parasite death. Circulating immune complexes were not elevated in these participants, and the classical complement cascade was not activated. Multiple cytokines increased after treatment in persons with AEs. A transcriptomic analysis was performed for nine individuals with moderate systemic AEs and nine matched controls. Differential gene expression analysis identified a significant transcriptional signature associated with post-treatment AEs; 744 genes were upregulated. The transcriptional signature was enriched for TLR and NF-κB signaling. Increased expression of seven out of the top eight genes upregulated in persons with AEs were validated by qRT-PCR, including TLR2. Conclusions/Significance This is the first global study of changes in gene expression associated with AEs after treatment of lymphatic filariasis. Changes in cytokines were consistent with prior studies and with the RNAseq data. These results suggest that Wolbachia lipoprotein is involved in AE development, because it activates TLR2-TLR6 and downstream NF-κB. Additionally, LPS Binding Protein (LBP, which shuttles lipoproteins to TLR2) increased post-treatment in individuals with AEs. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of AEs may lead to improved management, increased MDA compliance, and accelerated LF elimination. Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disabling parasitic disease that affects millions of people in the developing world. The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (coordinated by the World Health Organization) uses mass administration of antifilarial medications to cure infections, prevent disease, and reduce transmission. Some individuals develop adverse events (AEs) after treatment, and this can reduce willingness of persons in endemic areas to accept treatment. The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of the cause of AEs following treatment. We hypothesized that parasite antigens released into the blood following treatment trigger inflammatory responses that lead to AEs. To test this hypothesis we collected blood from LF-infected individuals before and after treatment and clinically assessed them for AEs. We measured parasite antigens, cytokines and other components of the immune system in blood samples and compared post-treatment changes in persons with and without AEs. We also assessed changes in transcription profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes that were associated with post-treatment AEs. Post-treatment changes in transcription profiles and in immune proteins and parasite components in plasma suggest that systemic AEs are triggered by death of the parasites following treatment with release of parasite antigens and Wolbachia bacteria into the circulation. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of post-treatment AEs may help to improve messaging related to mass drug administration programs and lead to improved AE management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt J. Andersen
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Rosa
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St.Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jonah Kupritz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Aboulaye Meite
- Programme National de la Lutte Contre la Schistosomiase, Les Geohelminthiases et la Filariose Lymphatique, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Traye Serge
- Programme National de la Lutte Contre la Schistosomiase, Les Geohelminthiases et la Filariose Lymphatique, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Marla I. Hertz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kurt Curtis
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Christopher L. King
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St.Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Peter U. Fischer
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gary J. Weil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li S, Guo Q, Li S, Zheng H, Chi S, Xu Z, Wang Q. Glutamine protects against LPS-induced inflammation via adjusted NODs signaling and enhanced immunoglobulins secretion in rainbow trout leukocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 98:148-156. [PMID: 31103388 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate effects of glutamine (GLN) on fish immune responses, leukocytes were isolated from head kidney of rainbow trout and cultured in GLN-free DMEM media supplemented with different combinations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and GLN. LPS significantly increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while GLN supplementation alleviated LPS-induced inflammation. Leukocytes in +GLN + LPS group showed more active GLN anabolism and catabolism, which signals could be sensed by O-GlcNAcylation, and then affected LPS binding to cell surface (LBP) and adjusted NODs signaling. The mRNA expression of immunoglobulins (Igs) and their receptor (pIgR) was also significantly increased after GLN supplementation. Further analysis showed that GLN increased the percentage of IgM+ B cells and IgT+ B cells, accompanied with the increased IgM and IgT secretion in culture media, which further increased complement C3 expression to perform effector functions. All these results illustrated the regulating mechanism of GLN against LPS-induced inflammation both via adjusted NODs signaling and increased Igs+ B cells to secrete Igs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Haid Central Research Institute, Haid Group, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shuaitong Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Haiou Zheng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Guangdong South China Sea Key Laboratory of Aquaculture for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Qingchao Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Lee WH, Seo D, Lim SG, Suk K. Reverse Signaling of Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Proteins in Macrophages and Microglia: Superfamily Portrait in the Neuroimmune Interface. Front Immunol 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 30838001 PMCID: PMC6389649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily (TNFSF) is a protein superfamily of type II transmembrane proteins commonly containing the TNF homology domain. The superfamily contains more than 20 protein members, which can be released from the cell membrane by proteolytic cleavage. Members of the TNFSF function as cytokines and regulate diverse biological processes, including immune responses, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and embryogenesis, by binding to TNFSF receptors. Many TNFSF proteins are also known to be responsible for the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. Both receptor-mediated forward signaling and ligand-mediated reverse signaling play important roles in these processes. In this review, we discuss the functional expression and roles of various reverse signaling molecules and pathways of TNFSF members in macrophages and microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). A thorough understanding of the roles of TNFSF ligands and receptors in the activation of macrophages and microglia may improve the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the brain and periphery. In particular, TNFSF reverse signaling in microglia can be exploited to gain further insights into the functions of the neuroimmune interface in physiological and pathological processes in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ha Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Donggun Seo
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Geun Lim
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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4
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Elkaim R, Bugueno-Valdebenito IM, Benkirane-Jessel N, Tenenbaum H. Porphyromonas gingivalis and its lipopolysaccharide differently modulate epidermal growth factor-dependent signaling in human gingival epithelial cells. J Oral Microbiol 2017; 9:1334503. [PMID: 28748038 PMCID: PMC5508388 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1334503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by pathogenic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Little is known about epidermal growth factor (EGF) signals in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC), which are major targets of P. gingivalis, and how the expression of proteins participating in EGF signaling—that is, EGF-receptor (EGFR), suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT-3)—are modified. This study aimed to assess the effects of P. gingivalis and its purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS-Pg) on EGF signaling. HGEC were infected for 2 h in a dose-dependent manner with P. gingivalis and with heat-killed P. gingivalis, and activated for 2 and 24 h by 1 µg/mL of purified LPS-Pg. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to measure mRNA and protein levels for SOCS-3, IRF-1 EGF, EGFR, and STAT-3. The tyrosine-phosphorylation status of STAT-3 was also examined. The results showed that infection of HGEC cells with P. gingivalis, but not with heat-killed P. gingivalis, led to significant reductions in expression levels of mRNAs and proteins for SOCS-3, IRF-1, and EGFR, while LPS-Pg over time significantly increased the expression of these mRNAs and proteins. Tyrosine-phosphorylation of STAT-3 was significantly increased during infection with P. gingivalis and activation by LPS-Pg but not modified during infection with heat-killed P. gingivalis. This study highlights that P. gingivalis and its purified LPS differentially modulated the expression of proteins (SOCS-3, IRF-1, EGFR, and STAT-3) interfering with EGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Elkaim
- INSERM 1109 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - I M Bugueno-Valdebenito
- INSERM 1109 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - N Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM 1109 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - H Tenenbaum
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France
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5
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Wright F, Hammer M, Paul SM, Aouizerat BE, Kober KM, Conley YP, Cooper BA, Dunn LB, Levine JD, DEramo Melkus G, Miaskowski C. Inflammatory pathway genes associated with inter-individual variability in the trajectories of morning and evening fatigue in patients receiving chemotherapy. Cytokine 2017; 91:187-210. [PMID: 28110208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue, a highly prevalent and distressing symptom during chemotherapy (CTX), demonstrates diurnal and interindividual variability in severity. Little is known about the associations between variations in genes involved in inflammatory processes and morning and evening fatigue severity during CTX. The purposes of this study, in a sample of oncology patients (N=543) with breast, gastrointestinal (GI), gynecological (GYN), or lung cancer who received two cycles of CTX, were to determine whether variations in genes involved in inflammatory processes were associated with inter-individual variability in initial levels as well as in the trajectories of morning and evening fatigue. Patients completed the Lee Fatigue Scale to determine morning and evening fatigue severity a total of six times over two cycles of CTX. Using a whole exome array, 309 single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs among the 64 candidate genes that passed all quality control filters were evaluated using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). Based on the results of the HLM analyses, the final SNPs were evaluated for their potential impact on protein function using two bioinformational tools. The following inflammatory pathways were represented: chemokines (3 genes); cytokines (12 genes); inflammasome (11 genes); Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT, 10 genes); mitogen-activated protein kinase/jun amino-terminal kinases (MAPK/JNK, 3 genes); nuclear factor-kappa beta (NFkB, 18 genes); and NFkB and MAP/JNK (7 genes). After controlling for self-reported and genomic estimates of race and ethnicity, polymorphisms in six genes from the cytokine (2 genes); inflammasome (2 genes); and NFkB (2 genes) pathways were associated with both morning and evening fatigue. Polymorphisms in six genes from the inflammasome (1 gene); JAK/STAT (1 gene); and NFkB (4 genes) pathways were associated with only morning fatigue. Polymorphisms in three genes from the inflammasome (2 genes) and the NFkB (1 gene) pathways were associated with only evening fatigue. Taken together, these findings add to the growing body of evidence that suggests that morning and evening fatigue are distinct symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay Wright
- Yale School of Nursing, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marilyn Hammer
- Department of Nursing, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven M Paul
- Department of Physiologic Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bradley E Aouizerat
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kord M Kober
- Department of Physiologic Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- Department of Physiologic Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura B Dunn
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gail DEramo Melkus
- Florence S. Downs PhD Program in Nursing Research and Theory Development, College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiologic Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ley K, Pramod AB, Croft M, Ravichandran KS, Ting JP. How Mouse Macrophages Sense What Is Going On. Front Immunol 2016; 7:204. [PMID: 27313577 PMCID: PMC4890338 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are central to both innate and adaptive immunity. With few exceptions, macrophages are the first cells that sense trouble and respond to disturbances in almost all tissues and organs. They sense their environment, inhibit or kill pathogens, take up apoptotic and necrotic cells, heal tissue damage, and present antigens to T cells. Although the origins (yolk sac versus monocyte-derived) and phenotypes (functions, gene expression profiles, surface markers) of macrophages vary between tissues, they have many receptors in common that are specific to one or a few molecular species. Here, we review the expression and function of almost 200 key macrophage receptors that help the macrophages sense what is going on, including pathogen-derived molecules, the state of the surrounding tissue cells, apoptotic and necrotic cell death, antibodies and immune complexes, altered self molecules, extracellular matrix components, and cytokines, including chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Akula Bala Pramod
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology , La Jolla, CA , USA
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology , La Jolla, CA , USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA , USA
| | - Jenny P Ting
- Department of Genetics, The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
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