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Sahu U, Biswas D, Prajapati VK, Singh AK, Samant M, Khare P. Interleukin-17-A multifaceted cytokine in viral infections. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:8000-8019. [PMID: 34133758 PMCID: PMC8426678 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections are a major threat to the human population due to the lack of selective therapeutic measures. The morbidity and mortality reported worldwide are very alarming against viral pathogens. The proinflammatory environment is required for viral inhibition by initiating the host immune response. The host immune response fights these pathogens by secreting different cytokines. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) a proinflammatory cytokine mainly produced by T helper type 17 cells, plays a vital role in the regulation of host immune response against various pathogens, including viruses. However, dysregulated production of IL-17 induces chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and may lead to cancer. Recent studies suggest that IL-17 is not only involved in the antiviral immune response but also promotes virus-mediated illnesses. In this review, we discuss the protective and pathogenic role of IL-17 against various viral infections. A detailed understanding of IL-17 during viral infections could contribute to improve therapeutic measures and enable the development of an efficient and safe IL-17 based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsha Sahu
- Department of MicrobiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBhopalMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Debasis Biswas
- Department of MicrobiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBhopalMadhya PradeshIndia
| | | | - Anirudh K. Singh
- Department of MicrobiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBhopalMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Mukesh Samant
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of ZoologyKumaun UniversityAlmoraUttarakhandIndia
| | - Prashant Khare
- Department of MicrobiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBhopalMadhya PradeshIndia
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2
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Bertol BC, Góes de Araújo JN, de Carvalho KTC, Gonzaga Dos Santos M, Martelli-Palomino G, de Figueiredo Feitosa NL, Maciel LMZ, Silbiger VN, Lucena-Silva N, Freitas JCDOC, Donadi EA. Polymorphisms at the IL17A and IL17RA genes are associated with prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Med Res 2021; 53:163-169. [PMID: 34384609 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-17A has a dual role in tumor immunity, promotes anti-tumor responses and facilitates angiogenesis by interacting with IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA). Although IL-17A has been associated with the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the nucleotide variability at the IL17A and IL17RA genes is still poorly characterized. AIM To assess the contribution of the IL17A (-197 G >A, rs2275913) and IL17RA (-947 A >G, rs4819554) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the development and progression of PTC and on IL-17 plasma levels. METHODS We studied 188 PTC patients and 170 healthy controls. SNPs were identified using PCR-amplified DNA and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. Plasma levels of IL-17A was evaluated in 83 PTC patients using ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between SNPs and clinicohistopathological features of PTC and IL-17A levels. RESULTS No significant difference was observed regarding the allele and genotype distributions of both SNPs between PTC patients and controls. The IL17A GA was associated with poor biochemical and structural incomplete response to therapy, whereas no influence over the IL-17A expression was observed. The IL17RA AG was significantly associated with small-sized tumors, initial tumor stage at diagnosis and better response to therapy. CONCLUSIONS The IL17A SNP may predict an aggressive manifestation of PTC, whereas the IL17RA SNP was associated with a more favorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cristina Bertol
- Postgraduate Program of Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcos Gonzaga Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martelli-Palomino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Lobo de Figueiredo Feitosa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Léa Maria Zanini Maciel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Norma Lucena-Silva
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Janaina Cristiana de Oliveira Crispim Freitas
- Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio Donadi
- Postgraduate Program of Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
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3
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Rotimi SO, Rotimi OA, Salhia B. A Review of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Studies in Africa. Front Oncol 2021; 10:606400. [PMID: 33659210 PMCID: PMC7917259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.606400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is projected to overtake infectious disease as the leading cause of mortality in Africa within the next two decades. Cancer is a group of genomic diseases that presents with intra- and inter-population unique phenotypes, with Black populations having the burden of morbidity and mortality for most types. At large, the prevention and treatment of cancers have been propelled by the understanding of the genetic make-up of the disease of mostly non-African populations. By the same token, there is a wide knowledge gap in understanding the underlying genetic causes of, and genomic alterations associated with, cancer among black Africans. Accordingly, we performed a review of the literature to survey existing studies on cancer genetics/genomics and curated findings pertaining to publications across multiple cancer types conducted on African populations. We used PubMed MeSH terms to retrieve the relevant publications from 1990 to December 2019. The metadata of these publications were extracted using R text mining packages: RISmed and Pubmed.mineR. The data showed that only 0.329% of cancer publications globally were on Africa, and only 0.016% were on cancer genetics/genomics from Africa. Although the most prevalent cancers in Africa are cancers of the breast, cervix, uterus, and prostate, publications representing breast, colorectal, liver, and blood cancers were the most frequent in our review. The most frequently reported cancer genes were BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53. Next, the genes reported in the reviewed publications’ abstracts were extracted and annotated into three gene ontology classes. Genes in the cellular component class were mostly associated with cell part and organelle part, while those in biological process and molecular function classes were mainly associated with cell process, biological regulation, and binding, and catalytic activity, respectively. Overall, this review highlights the paucity of research on cancer genomics on African populations, identified gaps, and discussed the need for concerted efforts to encourage more research on cancer genomics in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon O Rotimi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi A Rotimi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Silva JPCG, Jesus LS, Isabel Schinoni M, Oliveira IS, Atta MLBS, Atta AM. IgE antibodies to hepatitis C virus core and nonstructural antigens in chronic hepatitis C patients before and after antiviral treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107405. [PMID: 33529909 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Few studies on the immunoglobulin E (IgE) immune response in chronic hepatitis C have been reported. In this study, we tested the antigenicity of commercial recombinant hepatitis C virus (HCV) core and nonstructural protein NS3, NS4, and NS5 antigens and the IgE immune response to these antigens in chronic hepatitis C patients before and after antiviral treatment with pegylated interferon (IFN)-α plus ribavirin for 12 weeks. The effects of antiviral treatment were investigated in 20 out of 35 participants. We developed amplified immunoassays using these antigens and IgG-depleted patient sera. Seropositivity for IgE antibodies was determined, and serum IgE and cytokine levels were measured. Anti-core, anti-NS3, and anti-NS4 IgE antibodies were observed in most patients, whereas anti-NS5 antibodies were less prevalent. Antiviral treatment decreased the production of anti-core, anti-NS3, and anti-NS4 IgE antibodies, but not anti-NS5 IgE antibodies. A significant decrease in the anti-NS3 and anti-NS4 IgE antibody levels was observed in patients who presented with an early sustained virological response, but no effects on anti-core and anti-NS5 IgE antibodies was observed. The serum levels of IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-10, but not IL-4, were similar between patients before and after antiviral therapy. Thus, the immune response of IgE antibodies to HCV antigens was comparable to that of anti-HCV IgG antibodies. The usefulness of anti-NS3 IgE antibodies in diagnosing occult hepatitis C and monitoring antiviral treatment with directly acting antiviral medication must be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo C G Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Larissa S Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Schinoni
- Serviço de Hepatites, Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Isabela S Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Imunologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza B S Atta
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Imunologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ajax M Atta
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Imunologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Mostafa AM, Saafan HA, Al-Tawashi AS, Kasem MH, Alaa AM, Eltobgy MM, Moubarak AS, Gharib MM, Awwad MA, Omar HM, El-Derany MO. Interleukin-17 haplotyping predicts hepatocellular carcinoma in sofosbuvir, pegylated interferon-alpha-2a & ribavirin treated chronic hepatitis C patients. Virus Res 2020; 292:198226. [PMID: 33171166 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Suspect has been directed towards some direct acting antivirals (DAAs) due to their reported association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. The mechanisms behind HCC development, following CHC treatment, were not well understood and may be linked to genetic variabilities in different patients which affect several cytokine productions involved in angiogenesis and inflammation. Of these variabilities, is the genetic polymorphisms in the interleukin-17 (IL-17) A receptor gene. Being an important pleiotropic cytokine, this study aimed to investigate the association between haplotypes in IL-17A receptor rs2275913 and rs3819024 and development of HCC in CHC patients treated with either triple therapy (sofosbuvir (SOF), pegylated interferon-alpha-2a (Peg-IFNα-2a) & ribavirin(RBV)) or with dual therapy (Peg-IFNα-2a&RBV). A cohort of 100 CHC patients was recruited in this study. Samples were tested for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in IL-17A receptor (rs2275913 and rs3819024) using TaqMan Genotyping assay. Our results showed that the presence of G-G haplotype in IL-17A (rs2275913& rs3819024) is inversely associated with HCC development in patients receiving triple therapy. While, high serum AFP levels are directly associated with HCC development in patients receiving triple therapy. However, in patients receiving dual therapy, HCC development was only associated with high serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels and was not correlated to any specific allele in our studied SNPs. Such results highlight the importance of IL17A receptor gene haplotyping in the prediction of HCC development in patients receiving triple therapy. These results will aid in performing tailored, personalized strategy for CHC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mostafa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Saafan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Al-Tawashi
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhannad H Kasem
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Alaa
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Eltobgy
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Moubarak
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar M Gharib
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Awwad
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Omar
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Marwa O El-Derany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Chen TH, Zhang YC, Tan YT, An X, Xue C, Deng YF, Yang W, Yuan X, Shi YX. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict prognosis of breast cancer patients treated with anti-Her-2 therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5219-5232. [PMID: 28029650 PMCID: PMC5354903 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Infiltration of tumor associated lymphocytes and count of its different phenotypes are potentially new independent predictor of prognosis in breast cancer. However, research related to it is less reported in breast cancer patients treated with anti-Her-2 therapy. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between survival and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes including its different phenotypes in tumors of such patients. METHODS Between 1999 and 2010, 98 patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer and treated with anti-Her-2 therapy at Sun-Yat-Sen University Cancer Center were included in the study. Biopsy specimens were collected post-operation but before chemotherapy. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as well as its FOXP3+, CD68+, IL-17+ phenotypes in both intratumoral and stromal sites and expression of FOXP3 in cancer cells were assessed. RESULTS Median follow-up time of 98 patients was 83.3 months (range 7.4-201 months). It suggested that patients with high stromal infiltration of TILs, lower count of FOXP3+ Tregs and CD68+ Mφ in stromal site, and high expression of FOXP3 in cancer cells had longer survival of OS. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, high count of intratumoral CD68+ Mφ [HR: 2.70 (1.00-7.31); p=0.050] and high expression of FOXP3 in cancer cells [HR: 0.29 (0.09-0.91); p=0.034] were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as well as its FOXP3+, CD68+ phenotypes in stromal site, and expression of FOXP3 in cancer cells were significantly associated with OS, suggesting that they can be used as important pathological factor predicting prognosis of breast cancer patients treated with anti-Her-2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Huan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hui Zhou Municipal Central Hospital & Training Base for Masters of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Huicheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong 516000, P. R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Xin An
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Cong Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Fei Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hui Zhou Municipal Central Hospital & Training Base for Masters of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Huicheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong 516000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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