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Roos D, van Leeuwen K, Madkaikar M, Kambli PM, Gupta M, Mathews V, Rawat A, Kuhns DB, Holland SM, de Boer M, Kanegane H, Parvaneh N, Lorenz M, Schwarz K, Klein C, Sherkat R, Jafari M, Wolach B, den Dunnen JT, Kuijpers TW, Köker MY. Hematologically important mutations: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (second update). Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 99:102726. [PMID: 36696755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an immunodeficiency caused by defects in the adhesion of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) to the blood vessel wall. As a result, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing, accompanied by neutrophilia. In LAD-I, characterized directly after birth by delayed separation of the umbilical cord, mutations are found in ITGB2, the gene that encodes the β subunit (CD18) of the β2 integrins. In the rare LAD-II disease, the fucosylation of selectin ligands is disturbed, caused by mutations in SLC35C1, the gene that encodes a GDP-fucose transporter of the Golgi system. LAD-II patients lack the H and Lewis Lea and Leb blood group antigens. Finally, in LAD-III, the conformational activation of the hematopoietically expressed β integrins is disturbed, leading to leukocyte and platelet dysfunction. This last syndrome is caused by mutations in FERMT3, encoding the kindlin-3 protein in all blood cells, involved in the regulation of β integrin conformation. This article contains an update of the mutations that we consider to be relevant for the various forms of LAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Roos
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Karin van Leeuwen
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka M Kambli
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Maya Gupta
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Mathews
- Dept of Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Chandigarh, India
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin de Boer
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hirokazu Kanegane
- Department of Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Myriam Lorenz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahbube Jafari
- Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Baruch Wolach
- Pediatric Immunology Service, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Johan T den Dunnen
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Yavuz Köker
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes Medical School, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Türkiye
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Zhang Y, Yang X, He X, Liu H, Guo P, Liu X, Xiao Y, Feng X, Wang Y, Li L. A novel mutation of the ITGB2 gene in a Chinese Zhuang minority patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Gene 2019; 715:144027. [PMID: 31374327 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the clinical and molecular characteristics of a Chinese Zhuang minority patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD). METHODS Routine clinical and physical examinations were performed, and patient data was collected and analyzed. Protein expression levels of Itgb2 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) proteins were assessed by flow cytometry and the glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) substrate method, respectively. Whole exome sequencing was performed to investigate genetic variations of the patient and his parents. RESULTS The patient had fester disease and delayed separation of the umbilical cord at birth. Staphylococcus was detected in the fluid secretion of the auditory meatus of the patient. He exhibited a recurrent cheek scab, swollen hand, and swollen gum. Hematological examination indicated dramatic elevation of leukocytes including lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. A novel homozygous mutation was detected in the ITGB2 gene of the patient, which was determined to be a two nucleotide deletion at the site of c.1537-1538 (c.1537-1538delGT), causing a frameshift of 24 amino acids from p.513 and inducing a stop codon (p.V513Lfs*24). A base substitution mutation was identified at c.1466 (c.1466G>T) of G6PD on chromosome X of the patient, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to leucine at p.489 (p.R489L). The patient also showed deficient lymphocyte expression of CD18 (2.99%) and significant downregulation of the G6pd protein. CONCLUSIONS The patient was diagnosed with G6PDD and moderate LAD-1. The combination of LAD-1 and G6PDD in this case may have been due to the high incidence of genetic disease in this minority ethnic population. Analyzing existing LAD-1 and G6PDD cases from different populations can facilitate disease diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, reporting pathogenic mutations of LAD-1 and G6PDD will be crucial for genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis in an effort to decrease the incidence of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaotao Yang
- Department of 2nd Infections, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Pin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xingxing Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of 2nd Infections, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China.
| | - Li Li
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder that results from mutations in the ITGB2 gene. This gene encodes the CD18 subunit of β2 integrin leukocyte adhesion cell molecules. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 is characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, impaired wound healing, inadequate pus formation, and delayed separation of the umbilical cord. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples were taken from 13 patients after written consent had been obtained. Genomic DNA was extracted, and ITGB2 exons and exon-intron boundaries were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The products were examined by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS In this study, 8 different previously reported mutations (intron7+1G>A, c.715G>A, c.1777 C>T, c.843del C, c.1768T>C, c.1821C>A, Intron7+1G>A, c.1885G>A) and 2 novel mutations (c.1821C>A; p.Tyr607Ter and c.1822C>T; p.Gln608Ter) were found. CONCLUSIONS c.1821C>A (p.Tyr607Ter) and c.1822C>T (p.Gln608Ter) mutations should be included in the panel of carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis.
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Apigetrin treatment attenuates LPS-induced acute otitis media though suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1978-1987. [PMID: 30551453 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural course of otitis media in children is acute and self-limiting. Nevertheless, about 10-20% children could experience recurrent or persistent otitis media. Thus, finding effective candidate to prevent acute otitis media is urgently required. In our study, mouse acute otitis media model was constructed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection into the middle ear of mice via the tympanic membrane. Apigetrin (APT) is a flavonoid isolated from various herbal medicines, possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative bioactivities. However, if APT could attenuate acute otitis media in LPS-induced animal models, little is to be known. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining suggested that APT treatment reduced LPS-induced higher mucosa thickness. LPS-triggered inflammatory response was also inhibited by APT, as evidenced by the down-regulated neutrophils and macrophages. Additionally, the reduced inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-lβ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were observed in APT-treated mice with acute otitis media. The process was associated with the inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which was proved by the blockage of TLR4, MyD88, p-IKKα, p-IκBα, and p-NF-κB using western blot analysis. Moreover, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by LPS was also reduced by APT through promoting anti-oxidants, involving superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADP(H) quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expressions. In contrast, high levels of MDA and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap 1) in LPS-treated mice were down-regulated by APT, which might be associated with the inactivation of NF-κB. In vitro, APT exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with little cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated cells. Together, the data above indicated that APT could ameliorate acute otitis media through inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.
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