1
|
Soares JRA, Pereira E Silva A, de Souza Oliveira AL, Guimarães IM, das Neves Faccini CRJ, de Aquino Mattos EB, Rodrigues SKPM, Marmello BO, Teixeira GAPB. Allergen extraction: Factors influencing immunogenicity and sensitivity of immunoassays. J Immunol Methods 2021; 498:113125. [PMID: 34450115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy prevalence is increasing worldwide, therefore there is a high demand for reliable tests to correctly diagnose this disease. Knowledge of proteins allergenicity and how they react both in the body and in diagnostic tests is necessary to adequately assess the potential immunogenicity of both natural foods and those produced through biotechnological processes. Thus, our aim was to analyze the factors that influence the protein extraction of foods in terms of, immunogenicity and immunoassays sensitivity. Peanut proteins were extracted using four distinct extraction buffers with different pH values (physiological saline, tris buffer, borate buffer with and without β-mercaptoethanol), the protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method and polyacrylamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to compare the protein profile of each extract. The immunogenicity of each extract was verified by sensitizing two mouse strains (Balb/c and C57Bl/6) with a solution containing 100 μg of the extracted proteins and was determined by ELISA. Results show that extraction with the distinct buffers resulted in protein solutions with different yields and profiles. The immunogenicity of the different extracts also demonstrated distinct patterns that varied depending on the extraction methods, mouse strain and in vitro test. Immunoreactivity varied in accordance with the protein extract used to coat the microtitration plates. In conclusion, the protein profile in the extracts is critically influenced by the salt composition and pH of the extraction buffers, this in turn influences both in vivo immunogenicity and in vitro immunoreactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Almeida Soares
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Airton Pereira E Silva
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luísa de Souza Oliveira
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Mazza Guimarães
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Claudia Regina Josetti das Neves Faccini
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Erika Bertozzi de Aquino Mattos
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Sónia Kristy Pinto Melo Rodrigues
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Oliveira Marmello
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Gerlinde Agate Platais Brasil Teixeira
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil; Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-141, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pathology, Medicine School, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|