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Kim MJ, Song YJ, Kwon TG, Lee JH, Chun SY, Oh SH. Platelet-Rich Plasma-Embedded Porous Polycaprolactone Film with a Large Surface Area for Effective Hemostasis. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00656-y. [PMID: 38896385 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00656-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncontrollable and widespread bleeding caused by surgery or sudden accidents can lead to death if not treated with appropriate hemostasis. To prevent excessive life-threatening bleeding, various hemostatic agents based on polymeric biomaterials with various additives for accelerated blood coagulation have been adopted in clinical fields. In particular, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which contains many blood coagulation factors that can accelerate blood clot formation, is considered as one of the most effective hemostatic additives. METHODS We investigated a PRP-embedded porous film using discarded (expired) PRP and a film with a leaf-stacked structure (FLSS), as a hemostatic agent to induce rapid hemostasis. The film, which contained an LSS on one side (PCL-FLSS), was fabricated by a simple heating-cooling technique using tetraglycol and polycaprolactone (PCL) film. Activated PRP was obtained by the thawing of frozen PRP at the end of its expiration date (the platelet cell membrane is disrupted during the freezing and thawing of PRP, thus releasing various coagulation factors) and embedded in the PCL-FLSS (PRP-FLSS). RESULTS From in vitro and in vivo experiments using a rat hepatic bleeding model, it was recognized that PRP-FLSS is not only biocompatible but also significantly accelerates blood clotting and thus prevents rapid bleeding, probably due to a synergistic effect of the sufficient supply of various blood coagulants from activated PRP embedded in the LSS layer and the large surface area of the LSS itself. CONCLUSION The study suggests that PRP-FLSS, a combination of a porous polymer matrix with a unique morphology and discarded biofunctional resources, can be an advanced hemostatic agent as well as an upcycling platform to avoid the waste of biofunctional resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Song
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Chilgok Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Chen Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Liu X, Deng K, Xu K, Zhou H, Jiang X, Xing M, Zhang J. Ultra-Hydrophobic Gauze Driving Super-Haemostasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400148. [PMID: 38780479 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Controlling bleeding by applying pressing cotton gauze is the most facile treatment in prehospital emergencies. However, the wettable nature of cotton fibers leads to unnecessary blood loss due to excessive blood absorption, inseparable adhesion-induced pain, and pliable to infection. Here, a kind of ultra-hydrophobic haemostatic anti-adhesive gauze whose surface is loaded with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hydrophobic-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), achieving a water contact angle of ≈160° is developed. It is demonstrated that the mechanism by which hydrophobic CNCs promote blood clotting is associated with their ability to activate coagulation factors, contributing to fibrin formation, and promoting platelet activation. The blood-restricting effect results from the low surface energy layer formed by PDMS and then the alkyl chains of hydrophobic CNCs are combined. The produced ultra-hydrophobic gauze resists blood flow and diffusion, decreases blood loss, is effortlessly peelable, and minimizes pathogen adhesion. Compared to the commercial cotton gauze, this gauze achieved effective haemostasis and antiadhesion by reducing blood loss by more than 90%, shortening haemostasis time by more than 75%, lowering peeling force by more than 90% and minifying bacterium attachment by more than 95%. This work presents promising applications in terms of prehospital first aid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jinrui Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kexin Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kaige Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Hongling Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xupin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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3
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Janahmadi Z, Momeni S, Manoochehri H, Talebi S. Development of an efficient hemostatic material based on cuttlefish ink nanoparticles loaded in cuttlebone biocomposite. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4172-4183. [PMID: 38591253 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic hemorrhage is one of the main causes of mortality in civilian and military accidents. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cuttlefish bone (cuttlebone, CB) and CB loaded with cuttlefish ink (CB-CFI) nanoparticles for hemorrhage control. CB and CB-CFI were prepared and characterized using different methods. The hemostasis behavior of constructed biocomposites was investigated in vitro and in vivo using a rat model. Results showed that CFI nanoparticles (NPs) are uniformly dispersed throughout the CB surface. CB-CFI10 (10 mg CFI in 1.0 g of CB) showed the best blood clotting performance in both in vitro and in vivo tests. In vitro findings revealed that the blood clotting time of CB, CFI, and CB-CFI10 was found to be 275.4 ± 12.4 s, 229.9 ± 19.9 s, and 144.0 ± 17.5 s, respectively. The bleeding time in rat liver injury treated with CB, CFI, and CB-CFI10 was 158.1 ± 9.2 s, 114.0 ± 5.7 s, and 46.8 ± 2.7 s, respectively. CB-CFI10 composite resulted in more reduction of aPTT (11.31 ± 1.51 s) in comparison with CB (17.34 ± 2.12 s) and CFI (16.79 ± 1.46 s) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CB and CB-CFI10 exhibited excellent hemocompatibility. The CB and CB-CFI did not show any cytotoxicity on human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. The CB-CFI has a negative surface charge and may activate coagulation factors through direct contact with their components, including CaCO3, chitin, and CFI-NPs with blood. Thus, the superior hemostatic potential, low cost, abundant, simple, and time-saving preparation process make CB-CFI a very favorable hemostatic material for traumatic bleeding control in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Janahmadi
- Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75147, Iran.
| | - Safieh Momeni
- Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75147, Iran.
| | - Hamed Manoochehri
- Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75147, Iran.
| | - Shadi Talebi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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4
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Kumar A, Sah DK, Rai Y, Yadav AK, Solanki PR, Ansari MS, Bhatt AN. Granular Hemostatic Composite of Alginate, Calcium, and Zinc for Rapid and Effective Management of Post-Traumatic Hemorrhage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:10565-10579. [PMID: 38377563 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic hemorrhage, which can result from accidents or battlefield injuries, is a significant global concern due to the high prehospital mortality rate. Substantial efforts have been made to develop hemostatic agents that can effectively reduce hemorrhage in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic event. The present study investigated the potential efficacy of Ca2+ and Zn2+ supplemented sodium alginate-based dry hemostatic particles (SA-CZ DHP) to manage excessive blood loss or post-traumatic hemorrhage. SA-CZ DHP were developed, followed by their physical and biochemical characterization, cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility testing, and critical evaluation of the hemostatic potential in vitro and in vivo. The safe SA-CZ DHP showed high absorption and accelerated blood clotting kinetics with reduced coagulation time (≈70%, p < 0.0001) in whole human blood, observed with insignificant hemolysis and uninterrupted RBC morphology. SA-CZ DHP significantly reduced the mean blood loss (≈90% in SD rats tail incision), and bleeding time (≈60% in BALB/c mice tail incision) was at par with commercially available Celox hemostatic granules. In conclusion, the biocompatible SA-CZ DHP exhibited rapid and effective management of excessive blood loss. It is also pertinent to note that the developed formulation could be a cost-effective alternative to its commercial counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi 110096, India
| | - Dhananjay K Sah
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Yogesh Rai
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Amit K Yadav
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mohd Saquib Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi 110096, India
| | - Anant N Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
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5
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Ji W, Li S, Hou X, Zhao J, Yuan X. Multiple Non-Covalent Cross-Linked Multifunctional Strong Hemostatic Agent for Dynamic Exposure Hemostasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302574. [PMID: 38063242 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Trauma requires immediate hemostasis during primary care, as well as durable hemostasis that can withstand dynamic wound exposure. Although current hemostatic materials can treat bleeding sites in emergency situations, their mechanical strength and storage conditions limit their practical application. The simultaneous combination of good mechanical properties, storage stability, biocompatibility, and rapid hemostasis of hemostatic materials remains a challenge. In this paper, a novel hemostatic material based on multiple non-covalent bond crosslinking, which has excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, storage stability, and rapid hemostasis ability, is reported. Under the drive of multiple non-covalent bonds, the flowability of hydrogel micro-modules (HM) decreases rapidly within 20 s after exposure to physiological saline. The HM form a gel barrier with a tensile strength of 62.10 kPa and an elongation at break of 1976% under multiple non-covalent bonding. Furthermore, the mechanical properties do not change significantly after 30 days of storage. Cell viability is maintained at over 80% after 3 days of incubation with the cells, and the hemolysis test shows a very low hemolysis rate (2.08%). The hemostatic gel formed by HM effectively prevents secondary bleeding in dynamic hemostasis experiments simulating transportation. This work provides a hemostatic material with comprehensive properties for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Sidi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Xin Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xubo Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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6
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Lunkov AP, Zubareva AA, Varlamov VP, Nechaeva AM, Drozd NN. Chemical modification of chitosan for developing of new hemostatic materials: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127608. [PMID: 37879584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled bleeding that occurs during surgery, trauma, and in combat conditions is critical and require immediate action. Chitosan is a polysaccharide, obtained from natural sources with unique biological properties. It is often used as basis for local hemostatic agents (LHA). We summarized the data on hemostatic properties of chitosan, commercially available chitosan-based products with focus in the field of chemical modification of chitosan. Various approaches are used to enhance hemostatic activity of chitosan-based materials. The approach with chemical modification of chitosan allows changing the properties of the polymer in order to obtain an active macromolecule that contributes to hemostasis. Ongoing research on the mechanism of interaction with blood components in the case of different chitosan derivatives will make it possible to identify promising directions for chemical modification to obtain an effective LHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Lunkov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - A A Zubareva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - V P Varlamov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - A M Nechaeva
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - N N Drozd
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow 125167, Russia
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7
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Chen X, Yan G, Chen M, Yang P, Xu B. Alkylated chitosan-attapulgite composite sponge for rapid hemostasis. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213569. [PMID: 37531822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study reported the development of a composite sponge (ACATS) based on alkylated chitosan (AC) and attapulgite (AT) for rapid hemostasis. The well-designed ACATS, with an optimal AC N-alkylation of 5.9 % and an optimal AC/AT mass ratio of 3:1, exhibited a hierarchical porous structure with a favorable biocompatibility. The ACATS can effectively and rapidly stop the uncontrolled bleeding in 235 ± 64 s with a total blood loss of 8.4 ± 4.0 g in comparison with those of Celox as a positive control (602 ± 101 s and 22.3 ± 2.4 g, respectively) using rabbit carotid artery injury model in vivo. ACATS could rapidly interact with blood and its components, including platelets (PLs), red blood cells (RBCs), and coagulation factors, resulting in these blood components rapidly accumulation and the following thrombus formation and coagulation factors activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoliang Yan
- Basic Medical Department of School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Pingtan Research Institute of Xiamen University, Pingtan 350400, China.
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bolin Xu
- Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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8
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Gerling KA, Kersey AJ, Lauria AL, Mares JA, Hutzler JD, White PW, Abel B, Burmeister DM, Propper B, White JM. Evaluation of novel hemostatic agents in a coagulopathic swine model of junctional hemorrhage. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 95:S144-S151. [PMID: 37259206 PMCID: PMC10389358 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemostatic dressings are used extensively in both military and civilian trauma to control lethal noncompressible hemorrhage. The ideal topical hemostatic agent would provide reliable hemostasis in patients with profound acidosis, coagulopathy, and shock. This study aimed to compare next-generation hemostatic agents against the current military standard in a translational swine model of vascular injury and coagulopathy. METHODS Female Yorkshire swine were randomized to eight groups (total n = 63; control n = 14, per group n = 7) of hemostatic agents and included: QuikClot Combat Gauze (Teleflex, Morrisville, NC), which served as the control; BloodSTOP IX (LifeScience Plus, Mountain View, CA); Celox Rapid (Medtrade Product, Crewe, United Kingdom); ChitoSAM 100 (Sam Medical, Tualatin, OR); EVARREST Fibrin Sealant Patch (Ethicon, Raritan, NJ); TAC Wrapping Gauze (H&H Medical, Williamsburg, VA); ChitoGauze XR Pro (Tricol Biomedical, Portland, OR); and X-Stat 30 (RevMedX, Wilsonville, OR). Hemodilution via exchange transfusion of 6% hetastarch was performed to induce acidosis and coagulopathy. An arteriotomy was created, allowing 30 seconds of free bleeding followed by application of the hemostatic agent and compression via an external compression device. A total of three applications were allowed for continued/recurrent bleeding. All blood loss was collected, and hemostatic agents were weighed to calculate blood volume loss. Following a 180-minute observation period, angiography was completed to evaluate for technical complication and distal perfusion of the limb. Finally, the limb was ranged five times to assess for rebleeding and clot stability. RESULTS All swine were confirmed coagulopathic with rotational thromboelastography and acidotic (pH 7.2 ± 0.02). BloodSTOP IX allowed a significant increase in blood loss and number of applications required to obtain hemostasis compared with all other groups. BloodSTOP IX demonstrated a decreased survival rate (29%, p = 0.02). All mortalities were directly attributed to exsanguination as a result of device failure. In surviving animals, there was no difference in extravasation. BloodSTOP IX had an increased rebleeding rate after ranging compared with QuikClot Combat Gauze ( p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Most novel hemostatic agents demonstrated comparable efficacy compared with the currently military standard hemostatic dressing, CG.
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9
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Tang W, Wang J, Hou H, Li Y, Wang J, Fu J, Lu L, Gao D, Liu Z, Zhao F, Gao X, Ling P, Wang F, Sun F, Tan H. Review: Application of chitosan and its derivatives in medical materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124398. [PMID: 37059277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Chitin is a natural polymeric polysaccharide extracted from marine crustaceans, and chitosan is obtained by removing part of the acetyl group (usually more than 60 %) in chitin's structure. Chitosan has attracted wide attention from researchers worldwide due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility, hypoallergenic and biological activities (antibacterial, immune and antitumor activities). However, research has shown that chitosan does not melt or dissolve in water, alkaline solutions and general organic solvents, which greatly limits its application range. Therefore, researchers have carried out extensive and in-depth chemical modification of chitosan and prepared a variety of chitosan derivatives, which have expanded the application field of chitosan. Among them, the most extensive research has been conducted in the pharmaceutical field. This paper summarizes the application of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in medical materials over the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250001, Shandong, China
| | - Huiwen Hou
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaai Fu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Didi Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Zengmei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Xinqing Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Sun
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Haining Tan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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10
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Wang W, Han P, Yang L, Meng Z, Gan H, Wu Z, Zhu X, Sun W, Gu R, Dou G. A novel sodium polyacrylate-based stasis dressing to treat lethal hemorrhage in a penetrating trauma swine model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 94:608-614. [PMID: 36728318 PMCID: PMC10045977 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of massive hemorrhage from penetrating wound sites is difficult in both combat and civilian settings. A new hemostatic dressing, sodium polyacrylate (PAAs)-based bag (PB), based on PAAs is designed for the first aid of massive penetrating hemorrhage. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PB in a penetrating trauma model in swine. METHODS A complex groin penetrating injury was produced in swine by completely excising the femoral vessels and surrounding muscles. After 15-second free bleeding, 18 healthy Guizhou female swine were administered PB (n = 6), CELOX-A (n = 6; Medtrade Products, Crewe, United Kingdom), or standard gauze (n = 6) for hemostatic intervention, followed by 3-minute compression if the bleeding persisted, with subsequent observation continuing for 1 hour. The primary outcomes included initial hemostasis, the incidence of applying manual pressure, and application time. RESULTS Sodium polyacrylate could rapidly absorb the liquid to expand, crosslink with a large number of red blood cells, induce cellular morphological alteration, and promote blood coagulation. Sodium polyacrylate-based bag and CELOX-A initiated and sustained hemostasis for 60 minutes, whereas 0% of the standard gauze achieved initial hemostasis. Maximum number of manual compressions were applied in standard gauze (6 of 6 [100%]), followed by CELOX-A (5 of 6 [80%]), while no manual pressure was required in the case of PB (0 of 6 [0%]). Application time for PB (19.0 ± 4.6 seconds) was significantly less than CELOX-A (169.0 ± 73.5 seconds) and standard gauze (187.8 ± 1.7 seconds). CONCLUSION We prepared a type of superabsorbent PAAs and made an original hemostatic dressing, PB. It can rapidly achieve durable hemostasis in the groin-penetrating trauma hemorrhage swine model without any external compression. The packet form makes PB easy to deploy and remove from wounds. Therefore, PB could be a promising hemostatic candidate for controlling penetrating hemorrhage.
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11
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Characterization and Analysis of Chitosan-Gelatin Composite-Based Biomaterial Effectivity as Local Hemostatic Agent: A Systematic Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030575. [PMID: 36771876 PMCID: PMC9920696 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan and gelatin were the most widely used natural materials in pharmaceutical and medical fields, especially as local hemostatic agents, independently or as a composite material with the addition of other active substances. Chitosan and gelatin have excellent properties in biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and water absorption capacity. The objective of this review was to analyze the characteristics of chitosan-gelatin (CG) composite-based biomaterial and its effectivity as a local hemostatic agent. We used PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework to compile this review. The findings demonstrated that the CG composite-based biomaterial had excellent physical, chemical, mechanical properties and local hemostatic agent activity by adding other active substances such as oxidized fibers (OF), silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), calcium (Ca) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) or by setting the CG composite proportion ratio.
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12
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Guo Y, Cheng N, Sun H, Hou J, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhang W, Chen Z. Advances in the development and optimization strategies of the hemostatic biomaterials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1062676. [PMID: 36714615 PMCID: PMC9873964 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1062676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Most injuries are accompanied by acute bleeding. Hemostasis is necessary to relieve pain and reduce mortality in these accidents. In recent years, the traditional hemostatic materials, including inorganic, protein-based, polysaccharide-based and synthetic materials have been widely used in the clinic. The most prominent of these are biodegradable collagen sponges (Helistat®, United States), gelatin sponges (Ethicon®, SURGIFOAM®, United States), chitosan (AllaQuixTM, ChitoSAMTM, United States), cellulose (Tabotamp®, SURGICEL®, United States), and the newly investigated extracellular matrix gels, etc. Although these materials have excellent hemostatic properties, they also have their advantages and disadvantages. In this review, the performance characteristics, hemostatic effects, applications and hemostatic mechanisms of various biomaterials mentioned above are presented, followed by several strategies to improve hemostasis, including modification of single materials, blending of multiple materials, design of self-assembled peptides and their hybrid materials. Finally, the exploration of more novel hemostatic biomaterials and relative coagulation mechanisms will be essential for future research on hemostatic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Guo
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Nanqiong Cheng
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongxiao Sun
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianing Hou
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Du Wang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China,School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhuoyue Chen
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China,School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China,*Correspondence: Zhuoyue Chen,
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13
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Reade MC. Perspective: the top 11 priorities to improve trauma outcomes, from system to patient level. Crit Care 2022; 26:395. [PMID: 36544203 PMCID: PMC9768970 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Haemorrhage, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure/Environmental control approach to individual patient management in trauma is well established and embedded in numerous training courses worldwide. Further improvements in trauma outcomes are likely to result from a combination of system-level interventions in prevention and quality improvement, and from a sophisticated approach to clinical innovation. TOP ELEVEN TRAUMA PRIORITIES Based on a narrative review of remaining preventable mortality and morbidity in trauma, the top eleven priorities for those working throughout the spectrum of trauma care, from policy-makers to clinicians, should be: (1) investment in effective trauma prevention (likely to be the most cost-effective intervention); (2) prioritisation of resources, quality improvement and innovation in prehospital care (where the most preventable mortality remains); (3) building a high-performance trauma team; (4) applying evidence-based clinical interventions that stop bleeding, open & protect the airway, and optimise breathing most effectively; (5) maintaining enough circulating blood volume and ensuring adequate cardiac function; (6) recognising the role of the intensive care unit in modern damage control surgery; (7) prioritising good intensive care unit intercurrent care, especially prophylaxis for thromboembolic disease; (8) conducting a thorough tertiary survey, noting that on average the intensive care unit is where approximately 15% of injuries are detected; (9) facilitating early extubation; (10) investing in formal quantitative and qualitative quality assurance and improvement; and (11) improving clinical trial design. CONCLUSION Dramatic reductions in population trauma mortality and injury case fatality rate over recent decades have demonstrated the value of a comprehensive approach to trauma quality and process improvement. Continued attention to these principles, targeting areas with highest remaining preventable mortality while also prioritising functional outcomes, should remain the focus of both clinician and policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Reade
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Medical School, University of Queensland, Level 9 Health Sciences Building, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia ,grid.97008.360000 0004 0385 4044Joint Health Command, Australian Defence Force, Canberra, ACT 2610 Australia
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14
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Zou CY, Li QJ, Hu JJ, Song YT, Zhang QY, Nie R, Li-Ling J, Xie HQ. Design of biopolymer-based hemostatic material: Starting from molecular structures and forms. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100468. [PMID: 36340592 PMCID: PMC9626749 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled bleeding remains as a leading cause of death in surgical, traumatic, and emergency situations. Management of the hemorrhage and development of hemostatic materials are paramount for patient survival. Owing to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioactivity, biopolymers such as polysaccharides and polypeptides have been extensively researched and become a focus for the development of next-generation hemostatic materials. The construction of novel hemostatic materials requires in-depth understanding of the physiological hemostatic process, fundamental hemostatic mechanisms, and the effects of material chemistry/physics. Herein, we have recapitulated the common hemostatic strategies and development status of biopolymer-based hemostatic materials. Furthermore, the hemostatic mechanisms of various molecular structures (components and chemical modifications) are summarized from a microscopic perspective, and the design based on them are introduced. From a macroscopic perspective, the design of various forms of hemostatic materials, e.g., powder, sponge, hydrogel and gauze, is summarized and compared, which may provide an enlightenment for the optimization of hemostat design. It has also highlighted current challenges to the development of biopolymer-based hemostatic materials and proposed future directions in chemistry design, advanced form and clinical application. Biopolymers possess sound biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioactivity for the design of hemostatic materials. Molecular structure designs including component and chemical modification are summarized from a microscopic perspective. Design of various forms of hemostatic materials is discussed and compared synthetically from a macroscopic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Zou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Qian-Jin Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Juan-Juan Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Song
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Qing-Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Rong Nie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China,Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Hui-Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China,Corresponding author.
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Mecwan M, Li J, Falcone N, Ermis Sen M, Hassani A, Haghniaz R, Mandal K, Sharma S, Maity S, Zehtabi F, Zamanian B, Herculano R, Akbari M, John JV, Khademhosseini A. Recent advances in biopolymer-based hemostatic materials. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac063. [PMID: 36196294 PMCID: PMC9522468 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma-related deaths, in hospital and pre-hospital settings. Hemostasis is a complex mechanism that involves a cascade of clotting factors and proteins that result in the formation of a strong clot. In certain surgical and emergency situations, hemostatic agents are needed to achieve faster blood coagulation to prevent the patient from experiencing a severe hemorrhagic shock. Therefore, it is critical to consider appropriate materials and designs for hemostatic agents. Many materials have been fabricated as hemostatic agents, including synthetic and naturally derived polymers. However, compared to synthetic polymers, natural polymers or biopolymers, which include polysaccharides and polypeptides, have greater biocompatibility, biodegradability, and processibility. Thus, in this review, we focus on biopolymer-based hemostatic agents of different forms, such as powder, particles, sponges, and hydrogels. Finally, we discuss biopolymer-based hemostats currently in clinical trials and offer insight into next-generation hemostats for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Mecwan
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Jinghang Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Menekse Ermis Sen
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Alireza Hassani
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Behnam Zamanian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Rondinelli Herculano
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences , Humanities and Languages, Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
- University of Victoria Department of Mechanical Engineering, , Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology , Akademicka 2A, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Johnson V John
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation , Los Angeles, CA, 90064, USA
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16
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Wang L, Hao F, Tian S, Dong H, Nie J, Ma G. Targeting polysaccharides such as chitosan, cellulose, alginate and starch for designing hemostatic dressings. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Huang Y, Kou H, Kong Y, Shan X, Wu S, Chen X, Lin X, Zhang L, Lv F, Li Z. The effectiveness of portable ultrasound-guided resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for stopping iliac artery hemorrhage during first aid pre-hospital: a randomized control animal trial. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 48:2841-2848. [PMID: 35412061 PMCID: PMC9360081 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-01895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at to comparing the effectiveness of portable ultrasound guided REBOA vs. traditional manual extracorporeal compression in stopping iliac artery hemostasis. METHODS Twelve swine were included in this study (treatment group vs. control group, 6:6). A biopsy device was used to create an iliac artery rupture and hemorrhage in each swine. After 30 s of bleeding, the treatment group received REBOA under the guidance of ultrasound, whereas the control group received traditional manual extracorporeal compression. General physiological conditions were recorded at 0 s (baseline, T1), 30 s (initiation of therapies to stop bleeding, T2), 10 min (T3) and 30 min (T4) after bleeding. Intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal hemorrhage and specimens of iliac artery were collected after all swine were euthanized. RESULTS One swine was excluded because of accidental death not related to the experiment; thus, 11 swine were analyzed in this study. The general physiological characteristics of the two groups showed no difference at T1. Hemorrhagic shock occurred in both groups. After the hemostatic procedure was performed, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate first increased significantly between T2 and T3, and then became stable between T3 and T4; these indicators in the control group deteriorated over time. The total blood loss in the treatment group (1245.23 ± 190.07 g) was much significantly less than that in the control group (2605.63 ± 291.67 g) with p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS Performing REBOA under the guidance of portable ultrasound is an effective way to stop bleeding. It suggests a potential alternative method for iliac artery hemostasis in the pre-hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haiyan Kou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuhao Kong
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuexia Shan
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Shengzheng Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Xianghui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Xingxi Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Liye Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Faqin Lv
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhihui Li
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute for healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Ji M, Li J, Wang Y, Li F, Man J, Li J, Zhang C, Peng S, Wang S. Advances in chitosan-based wound dressings: Modifications, fabrications, applications and prospects. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 297:120058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Zhou M, Liao J, Li G, Yu Z, Xie D, Zhou H, Wang F, Ren Y, Xu R, Dai Y, Wang J, Huang J, Zhang R. Expandable carboxymethyl chitosan/cellulose nanofiber composite sponge for traumatic hemostasis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Yegappan R, Lauko J, Wang Z, Lavin MF, Kijas AW, Rowan AE. Snake Venom Hydrogels as a Rapid Hemostatic Agent for Uncontrolled Bleeding. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200574. [PMID: 35652565 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled bleeding from traumatic injury remains the leading cause of preventable death with loss of balance between blood clotting (coagulation) and blood clot breakdown (fibrinolysis). A major limitation of existing hemostatic agents is that they require a functioning clotting system to control the bleeding and are largely based on gauze delivery scaffolds. Herein, a novel rapid wound sealant, composed of two recombinant snake venom proteins, the procoagulant ecarin, to rapidly initiate blood clotting and the antifibrinolytic textilinin, to prevent blood clot breakdown within a synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogel scaffold is developed. In vitro, it is demonstrated that clotting is rapidly initiated with only nanomolar concentrations of venom protein and clot breakdown is effectively inhibited by textilinin. A stable clot is formed within 60 s compared to normal clot formation in 8 min. In vivo studies reveal that the snake venom hydrogel rapidly controls warfarin-induced bleeding, reducing the bleed volume from 48% to 12% and has demonstrated immune compatibility. A new class of hemostatic agents that achieve formation of rapid and stable blood clots even in the presence of blood thinners is demonstrated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Yegappan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Jan Lauko
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zhao Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Martin F. Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research The University of Queensland Herston QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Amanda W. Kijas
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
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Use of Haemostatic Devices for the Control of Junctional and Abdominal Traumatic Haemorrhage: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/traumacare2010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Catastrophic haemorrhage accounts for up to 40% of global trauma related mortality and is the leading cause of preventable deaths on the battlefield. Controlling abdominal and junctional haemorrhage is challenging, especially in the pre-hospital setting or ‘under fire’, yet there is no haemostatic agent which satisfies the seven characteristics of an ‘ideal haemostat’. We conducted a systematic search of Embase, Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of three types of haemostatic devices. Participants included any trauma patient in a pre-hospital setting, perfused human cadavers, or healthy human volunteer simulations. The haemostatic devices reviewed were REBOA, iTClampTM, and four junctional tourniquets: AAJT, CRoC, JETT, and SJT. The SJT had the best user survey performance of the junctional tourniquets, and the four junctional tourniquets had an overall efficacy of 26.6–100% and an application time of 10–203 s. The iTClampTM had an efficacy of 60–100% and an application time of 10–60 s. REBOA had an efficacy of 71–100% and an application time ranging from 5 min to >80 min. In civilian and military trauma patients the use of junctional tourniquets, iTClamp, or REBOA, mortality varied from 0–100%. All of these studies were deemed low to very low in quality, hence the reliability of data presented in each of the studies is called into question. We conclude that despite limited data for these devices, their use in the pre-hospital environment or ‘under fire’ is feasible with the correct training, portable imaging, and patient selection algorithms. However, higher quality studies are required to confirm the true efficacy of these devices.
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Wang X, Dang Q, Liu C, Chang G, Song H, Xu Q, Ma Y, Li B, Zhang B, Cha D. Antibacterial porous sponge fabricated with capric acid-grafted chitosan and oxidized dextran as a novel hemostatic dressing. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118782. [PMID: 34893218 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to fabricate multifunctional hemostatic sponges (C-ODs). Porous C-ODs were first constructed by using capric acid-modified chitosan (CSCA) and oxidized dextrans (ODs) with different oxidation degrees. Batches of experiments showed that (i) CSCA (33.39% of grafting degree), ODs, and C-ODs (100-200 μm in pore size) were synthesized, evidenced by FT-IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, hydroxylamine hydrochloride titration, and SEM results; (ii) among C-ODs, C-OD2 had appropriate porosity (85.0%), swelling (20 times its dry weight), absorption, water retention, water vapor transmission, and mechanical properties; (iii) C-OD2 possessed low toxicity (relative cell viability > 86%), low hemolysis rate (0.65%), suitable tissue adhesion (4.74 kPa), and strong antibacterial efficacy (five strains); and (iv) C-OD2's dynamic blood clotting was within 30 s. In three animal injury models, C-OD2's hemostasis time and blood loss were fairly lower than commercial gelatin sponge. Totally, C-OD2 might serve as an ideal hemostatic dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qifeng Dang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Chengsheng Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Guozhu Chang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Hao Song
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Boyuan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Bonian Zhang
- Qingdao Aorun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Room 602, Century Mansion, 39 Donghaixi Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Dongsu Cha
- The Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
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Agarwal R, Niezgoda J, Niezgoda J, Madetipati N, Gopalakrishnan S. Advances in Hemostatic Wound Dressings: Clinical Implications and Insight. Adv Skin Wound Care 2022; 35:113-121. [PMID: 34516437 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000790488.72494.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hemorrhagic shock is one of the leading causes of prehospital death in the armed forces. In this state, the body begins to shut down because of blood volume depletion. In both civilian and military trauma, a significant number of hemorrhage deaths occur in the first several hours after injury. Researchers all over the globe are working to develop relatively inexpensive and easy-to-transport products to prevent soldiers from going into hemorrhagic shock. For example, many advances have been made during the last several years toward the development of ideal hemostatic dressings. No current hemostatic agents meet all of the requirements, but the ideal dressing would fulfill many important measures: minimizes or stops blood flow within minutes, contains hemostatic agents to enhance blood clotting, is easy to apply, does not need preapplication preparation, has a reasonably long shelf life, is safe to use, prevents bacterial or viral transmission, is stable at extreme temperatures, and is inexpensive. For this literature review, the authors conducted an extensive search of academic scientific databases for relevant keywords and assessed and summarized the results. This review aimed to identify recent advances in hemostatic wound dressings; summarize the currently available dressings and their supporting literature; and discuss the compositions, mechanisms of action, and clinical relevance of each category of dressing. In addition, case studies and suggestions for future research into hemorrhage control with new hemostatic agents are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Agarwal
- Roopali Agarwal, PhD, MSc, is Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India. Jonathan Niezgoda, BS, is Medical Assistant, and Jeffrey Niezgoda, MD, is President and Chief Medical Officer, Advancing the Zenith of Healthcare Wound and Vascular Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Nethaji Madetipati, PharmD, and Sandeep Gopalakrishnan, PhD, are Assistant Professors, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee. The authors have disclosed no financial relationships related to this article. Submitted March 1, 2021; accepted in revised form May 10, 2021; published online ahead of print September 7, 2021
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Yang H, Ma Z, Guan X, Xiang Z, Ke Y, Xia Y, Xin Z, Shi Q, Yin J. Facile fabrication of diatomite‐based sponge with high biocompatibility and rapid hemostasis. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Zhifang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Xinghua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Zehong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Yue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Zhirong Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Jinghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
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Zhang W, Wu J, Yu L, Chen H, Li D, Shi C, Xiao L, Fan J. Paraffin-Coated Hydrophobic Hemostatic Zeolite Gauze for Rapid Coagulation with Minimal Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:52174-52180. [PMID: 34554720 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To solve the problem of strong adhesion and excessive blood loss caused by the use of hydrophilic zeolite gauze (Z-Gauze) in uncontrollable bleeding, we have modified the surface of commercial Z-Gauze with a paraffin coating and prepared a hydrophobic dressing PZ-Gauze. After paraffin coating, the adhesion of Z-Gauze was reduced without an obvious decrease in coagulation activity. The clotting time of the hydrophobic PZ-Gauze was reduced from 378.3 to 154.6 s compared with that of cotton gauze, and the peeling force was decreased from 348.8 to 84.7 mN compared with that of Z-Gauze. Besides, PZ-Gauze can efficiently cut down the blood loss during treatment. On the basis of in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is confirmed that surface hydrophobic modification does not change the procoagulant performance because of the maintained cation exchange capacity of zeolites, and the reduced blood loss as well as enhanced difficulty for fibrin adhesion is attributed to its hydrophobicity. This is different from the traditional gauze procoagulant theories, where gauze hydrophilicity and procoagulant performance are always positively correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Zhang
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianzhou Wu
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lisha Yu
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chaojie Shi
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Liping Xiao
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Qian Sun, Zhang K, Bai X, Liu P, Lyu Z, Li A. Study on the Preparation and Properties of Carboxymethyl Chitosan as Fast Hemostatic Material. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090421060270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guo B, Dong R, Liang Y, Li M. Haemostatic materials for wound healing applications. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:773-791. [PMID: 37117664 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wounds are one of the most common health issues, and the cost of wound care and healing has continued to increase over the past decade. The first step in wound healing is haemostasis, and the development of haemostatic materials that aid wound healing has accelerated in the past 5 years. Numerous haemostatic materials have been fabricated, composed of different active components (including natural polymers, synthetic polymers, silicon-based materials and metal-containing materials) and in various forms (including sponges, hydrogels, nanofibres and particles). In this Review, we provide an overview of haemostatic materials in wound healing, focusing on their chemical design and operation. We describe the physiological process of haemostasis to elucidate the principles that underpin the design of haemostatic wound dressings. We also highlight the advantages and limitations of the different active components and forms of haemostatic materials. The main challenges and future directions in the development of haemostatic materials for wound healing are proposed.
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Yu P, Zhong W. Hemostatic materials in wound care. BURNS & TRAUMA 2021; 9:tkab019. [PMID: 34541007 PMCID: PMC8445204 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood plays an essential role in the human body. Hemorrhage is a critical cause of both military and civilian casualties. The human body has its own hemostatic mechanism that involves complex processes and has limited capacity. However, in emergency situations such as battlefields and hospitals, when the hemostatic mechanism of the human body itself cannot stop bleeding effectively, hemostatic materials are needed for saving lives. In this review, the hemostatic mechanisms and performance of the most commonly used hemostatic materials, (including fibrin, collagen, zeolite, gelatin, alginate, chitosan, cellulose and cyanoacrylate) and the commercial wound dressings based on these materials, will be discussed. These materials may have limitations, such as poor tissue adhesion, risk of infection and exothermic reactions, that may lessen their hemostatic efficacy and cause secondary injuries. High-performance hemostatic materials, therefore, have been designed and developed to improve hemostatic efficiency in clinical use. In this review, hemostatic materials with advanced performances, such as antibacterial capacity, superhydrophobicity/superhydrophilicity, superelasticity, high porosity and/or biomimicry, will be introduced. Future prospects of hemostatic materials will also be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Yu
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, 75A Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, 75A Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada
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Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses for Wound Management: From Skin Regeneration to Cancer Therapy. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123337. [PMID: 34204198 PMCID: PMC8235211 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exploring new therapies for managing skin wounds is under progress and, in this regard, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) offer great opportunities in treating acute, chronic, and malignant wounds. In general, therapeutic effectiveness of both MSNs and MBGs in different formulations (fine powder, fibers, composites etc.) has been proved over all the four stages of normal wound healing including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The main merits of these porous substances can be summarized as their excellent biocompatibility and the ability of loading and delivering a wide range of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic bioactive molecules and chemicals. In addition, doping with inorganic elements (e.g., Cu, Ga, and Ta) into MSNs and MBGs structure is a feasible and practical approach to prepare customized materials for improved skin regeneration. Nowadays, MSNs and MBGs could be utilized in the concept of targeted therapy of skin malignancies (e.g., melanoma) by grafting of specific ligands. Since potential effects of various parameters including the chemical composition, particle size/morphology, textural properties, and surface chemistry should be comprehensively determined via cellular in vitro and in vivo assays, it seems still too early to draw a conclusion on ultimate efficacy of MSNs and MBGs in skin regeneration. In this regard, there are some concerns over the final fate of MSNs and MBGs in the wound site plus optimal dosages for achieving the best outcomes that deserve careful investigation in the future.
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Zhong Y, Hu H, Min N, Wei Y, Li X, Li X. Application and outlook of topical hemostatic materials: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:577. [PMID: 33987275 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bleeding complications can cause significant morbidities and mortalities in both civilian and military conditions. The formation of stable blood clots or hemostasis is essential to prevent major blood loss and death from excessive bleeding. However, the body's self-coagulation process cannot accomplish timely hemostasis without the assistance of hemostatic agents under some conditions. In the past two decades, topical hemostatic materials and devices containing platelets, fibrin, and polysaccharides have been gradually developed and introduced to induce faster or more stable blood clot formation, updating or iterating traditional hemostatic materials. Despite the various forms and functions of topical hemostatic materials that have been developed for different clinical conditions, uncontrolled hemorrhage still causes over 30% of trauma deaths across the world. Therefore, it is important to fabricate fast, efficient, safe, and ready-to-use novel hemostatic materials. It is necessary to understand the coagulation process and the hemostatic mechanism of different materials to develop novel topical hemostatic agents, such as tissue adhesives and sealants from various natural and synthetic materials. This review discusses the structural features of topical hemostatic materials related to the stimulation of hemostasis, summarizes the commercially available products and their applications, and reviews the ongoing clinical trials and recent studies concerning the development of different hemostatic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Hu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Min
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yufan Wei
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiru Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Efficacy of New Zeolite-Based Hemostatic Gauze in a Gunshot Model of Junctional Femoral Artery Hemorrhage in Swine. J Surg Res 2021; 263:176-185. [PMID: 33676113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work sought to (1) establish a reliable gunshot model of junctional femoral artery rupture in swine that accurately simulates field rescue conditions and (2) use the gunshot model to compare the efficacy and ease of application of zeolite nanometer hemostatic gauze with other hemostatic materials. METHODS Thirty-six healthy landrace swine (body weight 50 ± 5 kg) were randomly divided into three groups which were treated with Combat Gauze (CG), FeiChuang hemostatic gauze (FG), or standard medical gauze (SG). A gunshot model of femoral artery hemorrhage in landrace swine was used with portable ultrasound to accurately position the wound. After the shooting, when mean arterial pressure of swine decreased by at least 30% for 10 s, wounds were pressed with standard packing (39 g) of gauze materials for 3 min to stop bleeding, then bandaged with pressure. Blood samples were taken 15 min before injury, then 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after injury to determine hemodynamic, coagulation, and arterial blood gas indexes. Wound temperatures were taken at 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after injury, and survival times were recorded. The volume of blood loss and survival time were used to evaluate hemostatic effect, whereas the fill time, wound temperature, and physiological indexes were used to evaluate the safety and operation of the product. RESULTS The CG (11.15 ± 3.09 mL/kg) and FG (12.19 ± 3.5 mL/kg) groups had significantly less blood loss than the SG group (16.8 ± 5.14 mL/kg) (P = 0.04; P = 0.039, respectively). After gauze packing, bleeding in CG (5.85 ± 1.17 mL/kg) and FG (5.37 ± 0.93 mL/kg) groups remained significantly lower than that of the SG group (6.93 ± 1.03 mL/kg) (P = 0.011; P = 0.003, respectively). Wound temperature rose with time for all groups (P < 0.001). The wound temperatures in the FG group and the CG group were significantly higher than that of the SG group (P = 004 and 0.009, respectively). Survival rates and times were not significantly different among the three groups, although the FG group had the longest average survival time (standard deviation [SD] 204.8 s), compared with the SG group (SD 177.8 s) and CG (SD 187.5 s) groups. No significant differences in hemodynamics, blood gas, and coagulation were observed among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS The gunshot model of junctional femoral arterial hemorrhage guided by ultrasound had high accuracy for femoral arterial rupture by bullet wound and provided consistent and reproducible field-simulation conditions for comparison of hemostatic materials. FeiChuang zeolite hemostatic gauze effectively controlled bleeding as well as combat gauze, without excessive heat as found in other zeolite-based products. However, improvements to application technique, such as a packing device, are needed to improve operating time.
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Kim K, Shim H, Jung PY, Kim S, Choi YU, Bae KS, Lee JK, Jang JY. Effectiveness of kaolin-impregnated hemostatic gauze use in preperitoneal pelvic packing for patients with pelvic fractures and hemodynamic instability: A propensity score matching analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236645. [PMID: 32706824 PMCID: PMC7380609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the effectiveness of kaolin-impregnated hemostatic gauze use in preperitoneal pelvic packing (PPP) for patients with hemodynamic instability due to severe pelvic fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between May 2014 and October 2018, 53 of 75 patients who underwent PPP due to hemodynamic instability induced by pelvic fracture were enrolled. Their medical records were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. QuikClot combat gauze (hydrophilic gauze impregnated with kaolin) and general surgical tape were used in 21 patients, while general surgical tape was used in the remaining 32 patients. RESULTS As there were differences in the characteristics of patients between the hemostatic gauze (HG) group and control group, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for age, sex, and lactate levels. After PSM, the clinical characteristics between the two groups became similar. There were no differences in the rates of mortality and hemorrhage-induced mortality between the two groups. However, the packed red blood cell (RBC) requirement for an additional 12 hours in the HG group was significantly lower than that in the control group (4.1 ± 3.5 vs. 7.6 ± 6.1 units, p = 0.035). The lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stays tended to be shorter in the HG group than in the control group (11.6 vs. 18.5 days, p = 0.1582; 30.8 vs. 47.4 days, p = 0.1861, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The use of HG during PPP did not reduce hemorrhage-induced mortality, but did reduce the need for additional packed RBC transfusions in patients with hemodynamic instability due to severe pelvic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangmin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hongjin Shim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Pil Young Jung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seongyup Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Young Un Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Keum Seok Bae
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Regional Trauma Center, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jung Kuk Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ji Young Jang
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
- * E-mail: ,
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Qin H, Yang L, Liu D, Chen S, Lyu M, Bao Q, Lai X, Liu H, Chen Q, Zong Z. Efficacy of a Temporary Hemostatic Device in a Swine Model of Closed, Lethal Liver Injury. Mil Med 2020; 185:e742-e747. [PMID: 31711174 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Solid abdominal organ hemorrhage remains one of the leading causes of death both on the battlefield of modern warfare and in the civilian setting. A novel, temporary hemostatic device combining CELOX and direct intra-abdominal physical compression was invented to control closed SAOH during transport to a medical treatment facility. MATERIALS AND METHODS A swine model of closed, lethal liver injury was established to determine hemostasis. The animals were randomly divided into group A (extra-abdominal compression), group B (gauze packing), group C (intra-abdominal compression), group D (CELOX coverage), and group E (intra-abdominal compression and CELOX coverage) with six swines per group. Survival time (ST), blood loss (BL), vital signs, pathologic examination, and CT-scan were monitored to further observe the effectiveness of the device. RESULTS Group E had an average 30-minute extension in ST (74.3 ± 15.4 minutes versus 44.0 ± 13.8 minutes, p = 0.026) with less BL (46.0 ± 13.0 versus 70.8 ± 8.2 g/kg, p = 0.018), and maintained mean arterial pressure≥70 mmHg and cardiac output ≥ 3.5 L/minute for a longer time. No significant differences were observed in ST and BL of groups B and E, and there were no marked differences in ST and BL of groups A, C, and D. No CELOX clots were noted in the spleen, pancreas, lungs, heart, kidneys, or the adjacent large vessels in groups D and E. Compared to group A, the CT-scan showed better hepatic hemorrhage control in group E. CONCLUSIONS The device, which combined 20 g of CELOX particles and 20 pieces of CELOX (8 g) sponge tablets with 50-mmHg intra-abdominal compression for 10 minutes, prolonged the ST by an average of 30 minutes with less BL. It was not markedly different from the full four quadrants gauze packing of liver in hemostatic effect, with no CELOX clot formation in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qin
- Department of War Wound Rescue Skills Training, Base of Army Health Service Training, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Unit 77115 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan 611235, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Daocheng Liu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Sixu Chen
- Department of War Wound Rescue Skills Training, Base of Army Health Service Training, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingrui Lyu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Quanwei Bao
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xinan Lai
- Research Institute of Surgery, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Huayu Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhaowen Zong
- Department of War Wound Rescue Skills Training, Base of Army Health Service Training, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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Abstract
Hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death in combat trauma and the secondary cause of death in civilian trauma. A significant number of deaths due to hemorrhage occur before and in the first hour after hospital arrival. A literature search was performed through PubMed, Scopus, and Institute of Scientific Information databases for English language articles using terms relating to hemostatic agents, prehospital, battlefield or combat dressings, and prehospital hemostatic resuscitation, followed by cross-reference searching. Abstracts were screened to determine relevance and whether appropriate further review of the original articles was warranted. Based on these findings, this paper provides a review of a variety of hemostatic agents ranging from clinically approved products for human use to newly developed concepts with great potential for use in prehospital settings. These hemostatic agents can be administered either systemically or locally to stop bleeding through different mechanisms of action. Comparisons of current hemostatic products and further directions for prehospital hemorrhage control are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry T Peng
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Toronto Research Centre, 1133 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, ON, M3K 2C9, Canada.
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Shen J, Nada AA, Abou-Zeid NY, Hudson SM. Synthesis of chitosan iodoacetamides via carbodiimide coupling reaction: Effect of degree of substitution on the hemostatic properties. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen H, Shang X, Yu L, Xiao L, Fan J. Safety evaluation of a low-heat producing zeolite granular hemostatic dressing in a rabbit femoral artery hemorrhage model. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:988-997. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328219888626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Evaluation of the biomedical properties of a Ca+-conjugated silk fibroin porous material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:110003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liu S, Zheng Z, Wang S, Chen S, Ma J, Liu G, Wang B, Li J. Polydopamine-coated chitosan/calcium pyrophosphate hybrid microflowers as an effective hemostatic agent. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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N-alkylated chitosan/graphene oxide porous sponge for rapid and effective hemostasis in emergency situations. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 219:405-413. [PMID: 31151541 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
N-alkylated chitosan (AC) sponges and graphene oxide (GO) sponges are promising candidates for emergency hemostat. However, AC sponges have weak mechanical strength and GO sponges may induce toxicity. To overcome these problems, a series of AC/GO composite spongs (ACGS) were prepared with various ratios (GO/AC, 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) using a dilute solution freeze phase separation and drying process. The sponges exhibit excellent absorption capacity, mechanical stability, and biocompatibility. In serial in vitro clotting tests, the higher the ratio of GO, the better the coagulation efficiency. ACGS with 20% ratio of GO (ACGS20) has shorter hemostatic time than Celox in a rabbit femoral injury test. Moreover, ACGS20 can accelerate erythrocyte and platelet adhesion. CD62p and intracellular Ca2+ measurements show that ACGS20 can promote the release of intracellular Ca2+ and stimulate platelet activation. These results suggest that ACGS20 is a good candidate composition for a safe and efficacious hemostatic dressing.
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42
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Seo YB, Lee OJ, Sultan MT, Lee JM, Park YR, Yeon YK, Lee JS, Lee YJ, Kim SH, Park CH. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the duck's feet collagen sponge for hemostatic applications. J Biomater Appl 2019; 32:484-491. [PMID: 28992806 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217733338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently different hemostatic agents have been developed, but most of them are ineffective in severe bleeding and expensive or cause safety concerns. In this study, we fabricated duck's feet collagen-based porous sponges and investigated its use as a hemostatic agent. We determined the sponge's physical and biological characteristics and compared with Avitene via scanning electron microscope analysis, water-uptake abilities and porosity test, and cytotoxicity assay. The duck's feet collagen/silk sponge showed a larger interconnected porous structure compared to others sponges. The duck's feet collagen/silk sponge also exhibited significantly higher porosity than Avitene. Hemostatic properties of the sponges were evaluated by whole blood clotting and rat femoral artery hemorrhage experiment. The addition of silk to duck's feet collagen showed better blood clotting ability than Avitene in vitro. However, rat femoral artery hemorrhage test showed a similar hemostatic property between the duck's feet collagen-based sponges and Avitene. We suggest that duck's feet collagen-based sponge can be effectively used for hemostatic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Been Seo
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Joo Lee
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Tipu Sultan
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ri Park
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeung Kyu Yeon
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Seung Lee
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Lee
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hee Kim
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hum Park
- 1 Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Shang X, Li YL, Chen H, Yu L, Wang Z, Xiao L, Fan J. Zeolite-fibrin clot composite as a haemostatic agent for haemophilia A. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:1427-1433. [PMID: 30819015 DOI: 10.1177/0885328219832380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zeolite is a multifunctional material, which recently exhibited promising prospects in emerging biological and medical applications. This study reported a new bio-inorganic hybrid of zeolite-fibrin clot composite serving as haemostatic agent in haemophilia A. The zeolite-fibrin clot composite promoted haemocompatibility and helped to achieve short clotting time both in vitro (22 ± 3 s vs. >600 s) and in vivo (4.5 min vs. >60 min) compared to control in coagulation factor VIII deficiency bleeding model. Therefore, in situations of surgical operation or accidental injury, this effective and ready-to-use haemostatic agent may provide rapid haemostasis for haemophilia A patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Shang
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Long Li
- 2 Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- 2 Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Yu
- 2 Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- 3 School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Xiao
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Fan
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chenani M, Behnamghader A, Khorasani M, Ahmadinejad M. Evaluation of Hemostatic Behavior of Micro and Nano Gelatin/Silica Hybrid in Severe Bleeding. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:169-176. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180703143856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The pH variation of the injury site is an important factor in the failure of styptic
and its structural damage. In this study, the behaviour of a gelatin-silica hybrid in severe bleeding was
evaluated under different pH values. On the other hand, the effect of the hybrid particle size, which is one
of the key physical properties of the hybrid, has been studied in rapid control of haemostasis.
</P><P>
Method: The hybrid haemostatic behaviour varied drastically by changing the particle size, so that the
hybrid containing SiO2 with the average particle size of about 1 micro-meter (Hyb Gel-MSiO2) demonstrated
very poor ability in platelet adhesion in neutral pH, about 24%. Also, the aPTT was not
shorter than the normal time, whereas reduction of the particle size beyond a certain limit (with nanometer
SiO2 for Hyb Gel-NSiO2) led to both increasing platelet adhesion to 32% and very considerable
reduction of aPTT.
</P><P>
Results: Alignment of all results showed that the particle size reduction improves the haemostatic
behaviour of the hybrid toward its best performance by controlling excessive bleeding. By changing
the pH for a certain particle size, structural integrity, and thereby the hybrid haemostatic behaviour
changed dramatically. Therefore, the nano-hybrid showed the most blood absorption (around 470%) in
natural pH and acceded to a coherent structure. The results demonstrated that in alkaline or acidic
environment, the hybrid haemostatic behaviour was limited. Based on the results of this study, it was
found that changes in the hybrid behaviour in acidic pH were much more drastic than in alkaline pH,
and also the hybrid with the optimum particle size (Hyb Gel-NSiO2) can maintain the structural integrity
with rapid haemostasis (<3 seconds).
</P><P>
Conclusion: Based on the objective that the pH at the injury site change to the alkaline side, the resulting
hybrid has an excellent ability to control excessive bleeding and can be proposed for further in
vivo studies as a novel styptic.</P>
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chenani
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Medical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Behnamghader
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials & Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - M. Khorasani
- Department of Biomaterial, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box:14965, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Ahmadinejad
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Welch M, Barratt J, Peters A, Wright C. Systematic review of prehospital haemostatic dressings. BMJ Mil Health 2019; 166:194-200. [DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2018-001066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionHaemorrhage is one of the leading causes of battlefield and prehospital death. Haemostatic dressings are an effective method of limiting the extent of bleeding and are used by military forces extensively. A systematic review was conducted with the aim of collating the evidence on current haemostatic products and to assess whether one product was more effective than others.MethodsA systematic search and assessment of the literature was conducted using 13 health research databases including MEDLINE and CINAHL, and a grey literature search. Two assessors independently screened the studies for eligibility and quality. English language studies using current-generation haemostatic dressings were included. Surgical studies, studies that did not include survival, initial haemostasis or rebleeding and those investigating products without prehospital potential were excluded.Results232 studies were initially found and, after applying exclusion criteria, 42 were included in the review. These studies included 31 animal studies and 11 clinical studies. The outcomes assessed were subject survival, initial haemostasis and rebleeding. A number of products were shown to be effective in stopping haemorrhage, with Celox, QuikClot Combat Gauze and HemCon being the most commonly used, and with no demonstrable difference in effectiveness.ConclusionsThere was a lack of high-quality clinical evidence with the majority of studies being conducted using a swine haemorrhage model. Iterations of three haemostatic dressings, Celox, HemCon and QuikClot, dominated the studies, probably because of their use by international military forces and all were shown to be effective in the arrest of haemorrhage.
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Pourshahrestani S, Kadri NA, Zeimaran E, Towler MR. Well-ordered mesoporous silica and bioactive glasses: promise for improved hemostasis. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:31-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica and bioactive glasses with unique textural properties are new generations of inorganic hemostats with efficient hemostatic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pourshahrestani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
| | - Nahrizul Adib Kadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
| | - Ehsan Zeimaran
- School of Engineering
- Monash University
- 47500 Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| | - Mark R. Towler
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
- Ryerson University
- Toronto M5B 2K3
- Canada
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Lechner R, Helm M, Müller M, Wille T, Riesner HJ, Friemert B. In-vitro study of species-specific coagulation differences in animals and humans using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2018; 165:356-359. [DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2018-001092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Animal tests are conducted in all fields of trauma research, but transferability of these data to humans is limited. For example, it is still unclear which animal species is most similar to humans in terms of physiology of blood coagulation. To improve transferability and raise awareness of the existing differences, we compared human coagulation to coagulation of different animals. Rotational thromboelastometry was used to analyse the blood of pigs, sheep, rabbits and dogs. Animal data were compared with human coagulation based on the number of significant differences of the test parameters and on a descriptive comparison of the extent of relative deviation of the single values. All animal species showed significant differences in coagulation properties when compared with humans. Coagulation parameters of dogs and sheep were on average most similar to humans. However, there is no animal which is most similar to humans concerning all aspects of coagulation. Differences in coagulation between humans and animals are significant. This must be taken into account when transferring animal test data to humans.
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A review on recent advances in chitosan based composite for hemostatic dressings. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:138-147. [PMID: 30447365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
High mortality rate in potentially survivable casualties due to severe hemorrhage is a major challenge in today's battlefield because technological advancements have revolutionized the combat tactics and complicated the type and severity associated with wound grades. Quality of pre-hospital care prior to patient evacuation is crucial in determining the survival rate in injured patients. To deal with this challenge, considerable improvements in the hemostatic dressings have been introduced and pre-hospital care has been upgraded in many tactical combat casually care guidelines. Combat Gauze has been widely used bandage which is now been replaced by different chitosan based hemostatic dressings. It not only exhibits anti-bacterial activity but also induces hemostasis via direct interaction with erythrocytes and platelets. Its hemostasis mechanism is not dependent on host coagulation pathway which makes it an ideal dressing to stop bleeding in coagulopathic patients. Different generations of chitosan bandages have been developed to overcome the limitations of previous ones. This review provides performance analysis of chitosan bandage generations and discusses the progress made in its fabrication methods during the recent years.
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Multifunctional chitosan/dopamine/diatom-biosilica composite beads for rapid blood coagulation. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 200:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Winstanley M, Smith JE, Wright C. Catastrophic haemorrhage in military major trauma patients: a retrospective database analysis of haemostatic agents used on the battlefield. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2018; 165:405-409. [DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2018-001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesCatastrophic haemorrhage is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma, in both military and civilian settings. There are numerous studies looking at the effectiveness of different haemostatic agents in the laboratory but few in a clinical setting. This study analyses the use of haemostatic dressings used in patients injured on the battlefield and their association with survival.MethodA retrospective database review was undertaken using the UK Joint Theatre Trauma Registry from 2003 to 2014, during combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Data included patient demographics, the use of haemostatic dressings, New Injury Severity Score (NISS) and patient outcome.ResultsOf 3792 cases, a haemostatic dressing was applied in 317 (either Celox, Hemcon or Quickclot). When comparing patients who had a haemostatic dressing applied versus no haemostatic agent, there was a 7% improvement in survival. Celox was the only individual haemostatic dressing that was associated with a statistically significant improvement in survival, which was most apparent in the more severely injured (NISS 36–75).ConclusionWe have shown an association between use of haemostatic agents and improved survival, mostly in those with more severe injuries, which is particularly evident in those administered Celox. This supports the continued use of haemostatic agents as part of initial haemorrhage control for patients injured in conflict and suggests that civilian organisations that may need to deal with patients with similar injury patterns should consider their use and implementation.
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