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Ozdel S, Cakıcı EK, Sayli TR. Pediatric electrical injury in Turkey: Five year retrospective hospital-based study. Pediatr Int 2019; 61:1155-1158. [PMID: 31520499 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate children who presented with electrical injury to the emergency department. We tried to reveal the complications of these patients and the measures to be taken in this regard. METHODS Medical records of pediatric patients who were admitted with electrical injury to emergency department between January 2007 and January 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. An information form was completed about demographic data, clinical features, exposure place, electrical current type, clinical course, duration of hospitalization, electrocardiography, echocardiography and other systems findings. RESULTS Children who were the most exposed to electrical injury were children 4 years and under. While low-voltage current exposure was more common in younger ages, high-voltage current exposure was more common in older ages. Most of our patients (%72) were exposed to low voltage. Patients who exposed to high-voltage electricity had significantly higher levels of CPK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, and ALT compared to patients who were exposed to low voltage electricity. None of the patients have died. CONCLUSION Young children are often exposed to electric shock at home. Increasing precautions to be taken at home reduces electrical shock injuries. Children and especially families should be educated in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semanur Ozdel
- Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Kargın Cakıcı
- Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tülin Revide Sayli
- Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Mashreky SR, Shawon RA, Biswas A, Ferdoush J, Unjum A, Rahman AKMF. Changes in burn mortality in Bangladesh: Findings from Bangladesh Health and Injury Survey (BHIS) 2003 and 2016. Burns 2018; 44:1579-1584. [PMID: 29887350 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper is focused to reflect the changes in burn mortality and events leading to fatal burn injuries. METHODS Two national community-based cross sectional health and injury surveys were done in Bangladesh during 2003 and 2016. Similar methodology had been followed in both the surveys. Multistage cluster sampling method considering probability-proportional-to-size strategy was used in both the surveys to obtain the desired sample. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was deployed to identify causes of mortality and morbidity among the population. Verbal autopsy method was used to ascertain the cause of death. RESULTS An estimated 5000 deaths occurred during 2002 due to burn, whereas, around 9000 deaths were caused by burn in 2015 reflected by the death rates 3.5 and 5.7 per 100,000 population in respective years. This study found an increase in death rates in all age groups from 2002 to 2015. Electrocution caused the highest burn deaths in this country, especially among males and in rural areas. The death toll by this particular mechanism has increased by more than two folds within a decade. The place of occurrence of fatal burn injuries has also shifted from home to the outside of the home especially in the agricultural fields. CONCLUSION Burn death is an emerging cause of injury deaths in Bangladesh. Further researches are required to explore the epidemiology of electrocution deaths in Bangladesh and design effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidur Rahman Mashreky
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Bangladesh.
| | - Riffat Ara Shawon
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Animesh Biswas
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Junnatul Ferdoush
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Afrida Unjum
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - A K M Fazlur Rahman
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Epidemiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Bangladesh.
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Hossain MJ, Biswas A, Mashreky SR, Rahman F, Rahman A. Epidemiology of adulthood drowning deaths in Bangladesh: Findings from a nationwide health and injury survey. F1000Res 2017; 6:589. [PMID: 28529716 PMCID: PMC5428487 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.10980.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Annual global death due to drowning accounts for 372,000 lives, 90% of which occur in low and middle income countries. Life in Bangladesh exposes adults and children to may water bodies for daily household needs, and as a result drowning is common. In Bangladesh, due to lack of systemic data collection, drowning among adults is unknown; most research is focused on childhood drowning. The aim of the present study was to explore the epidemiology of adulthood drowning deaths in Bangladesh. Methodology: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to December in 2003 among 171,366 rural and urban households, with a sample of 819,429 individuals to determine the epidemiology of adulthood drowning in Bangladesh. Results: Annual fatal drowning incidence among adults was 5.85/100,000 individuals. Of these, 71.4% were male and 28.6% were female (RR 2.39). In total, 90% of the fatalities were from rural areas. Rural populations were also found to have a 8.58 times higher risk of drowning than those in urban areas. About 95% of drowning occurred in natural water bodies. About 61.6% of the deaths occurred at the scene followed by 33.5% at the home. Of the drowning fatalities, 67% took place in water bodies within 100 meters of the household. Among the drowning fatalities 78.4% occurred in daylight between 7.00 and 18.00. Over 97% of the victims were from poor socio economic conditions with a monthly income tk. 6,000 ($94) or less. Only 25.5% of incidences were reported to the police station. Conclusions: Every year a significant number of adults die due to drowning in Bangladesh. Populations living in rural areas, especially men, were the main victims of drowning. This survey finding might help policy makers and scientists to understand the drowning scenario among adults in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Animesh Biswas
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saidur Rahman Mashreky
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Epidemiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fazlur Rahman
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Epidemiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rahman
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sharma NP, Duke JM, Lama BB, Thapa B, Dahal P, Bariya ND, Marston W, Wallace HJ. Descriptive Epidemiology of Unintentional Burn Injuries Admitted to a Tertiary-Level Government Hospital in Nepal. Asia Pac J Public Health 2015; 27:551-60. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539515585386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the epidemiology of unintentional adult burn injury admissions in a tertiary hospital in Nepal, from 2002 to 2013, focusing on gender-specific patterns. Chi-square tests and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests were performed. There were 819 unintentional burn admissions: 52% were male and 58% younger than 35 years. The median percentage total body surface area burned (interquartile range) was greater in females than in males ( P < .001): 28% (17-40) versus 20% (12-35), and female mortality was higher (32% vs 11%). A higher proportion females were illiterate than males (48% vs 17%). Burns occurred at home (67%), work (28%), and public places (5%); gender-specific patterns were observed. Flame burns accounted for 77%, electricity 13%, and scalds 8%. Kerosene (31%) and biomass (27%) were the major fuels. Cooking, heating, and lighting were the main activities associated with burn injury. Results support interventions to reduce the use of open fires and kerosene and to promote electrical safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janine M. Duke
- The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hilary J. Wallace
- The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Population-based incidence and cost of non-fatal injuries in Iran: a consistent under-recognized public health concern. Public Health 2015; 129:483-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li XF, Huang QY, Liu SP. Changes in FABP1 and gastrin receptor expression in the testes of rats that have undergone electrical injury. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:2155-2158. [PMID: 26136952 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular trauma may occur due to accidental electrical injury. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in the levels of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) and gastrin receptor (gastrin R) in the testes following electrical injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, fatal electrocution (220 V, 50 Hz, 60 sec) and electrical injury (220 V, 50 Hz, 60 sec) groups (n=8 per group). The animals in the fatal electrocution and electrical injury groups were deeply anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital prior to each treatment, in which the current was delivered via an anode connected to the left foreleg and a cathode to the right hindleg. The rats that survived were subsequently sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Control animals received cervical dislocation alone. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the protein expression of FABP1 and gastrin R in the testes. Sections were evaluated by digital image analysis. The expression levels of FABP1 and gastrin R were significantly increased following electrical injury, supported by an increase in the integrated optical density (IOD) when compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in FABP1 and gastrin R expression levels between the fatal electrocution and control groups. In summary, the protein expression levels of FABP1 and gastrin R were found to be significantly altered by electrical injury, suggesting that these two proteins may be important in underlying mechanisms of testicular injury during electrical injury. The findings indicate that such alterations would be reflected in abnormal testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fang Li
- Library of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Yong Huang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Ping Liu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Li SY, Zou DH, Luo YW, Sun QR, Deng KF, Chen YJ, Huang P. Characteristics of electrically injured skin from human hand tissue samples using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. Sci Justice 2013; 54:98-104. [PMID: 24438785 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This technical note describes a method for distinguishing normal skin tissue samples from those electrically injured by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR MSP). Furthermore, the infrared spectral features of electrically injured cells and tissues were evaluated to identify molecular changes in epidermal cells. In the present study, 20 human hand tissue samples were evaluated macroscopically and histopathologically. The electrically injured skin samples were subdivided into 2 regions [normal cell regions (NCRs) and polarized cell regions (PCRs)] and 14 major spectral absorption bands were selected. The spectral results showed that the band absorbance at 1080, 1126, 1172, 1242, 1307, 1403, 1456, 1541, 2852, 2925, 2957, 3075, and 3300cm(-1) increased significantly both in the stratum and non-stratum corneum of the PCRs in electrically injured skin tissues samples. No significant difference was found between normal skin and the NCR of the electrically injured skin samples. The band absorbance ratios of A1172/A1126, A1456/A1403, and A2925/A2957 were significantly increased, whereas the A1652/A1541 ratio was decreased in the PCR of the stratum corneum and non-stratum corneum. Baseline changes from 4000 to near 1737cm(-1) were observed in the spectra of the electrically injured skin samples, which were interpreted in terms of the pathological process involved in electrical injury. FTIR-MSP presents a useful method to provide objective spectral markers for the assisted diagnosis of electrical marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ying Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China; Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hua Zou
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Wen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ran Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Fei Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jiu Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, 200063, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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