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Grover K, Koblova A, Pezacki AT, Chang CJ, New EJ. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5846-5929. [PMID: 38657175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Although transition metals constitute less than 0.1% of the total mass within a human body, they have a substantial impact on fundamental biological processes across all kingdoms of life. Indeed, these nutrients play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, with the redox properties of many of these metals being essential to their activity. At the same time, imbalances in transition metal pools can be detrimental to health. Modern analytical techniques are helping to illuminate the workings of metal homeostasis at a molecular and atomic level, their spatial localization in real time, and the implications of metal dysregulation in disease pathogenesis. Fluorescence microscopy has proven to be one of the most promising non-invasive methods for studying metal pools in biological samples. The accuracy and sensitivity of bioimaging experiments are predominantly determined by the fluorescent metal-responsive sensor, highlighting the importance of rational probe design for such measurements. This review covers activity- and binding-based fluorescent metal sensors that have been applied to cellular studies. We focus on the essential redox-active metals: iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. We aim to encourage further targeted efforts in developing innovative approaches to understanding the biological chemistry of redox-active metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karandeep Grover
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alla Koblova
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aidan T Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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2
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Lalitha R, Velmathi S. A Study of Small Molecule-Based Rhodamine-Derived Chemosensors and their Implications in Environmental and Biological Systems from 2012 to 2021: Latest Advancement and Future Prospects. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:15-118. [PMID: 37212978 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rhodamine-based chemosensors have sparked considerable interest in recent years due to their remarkable photophysical properties, which include high absorption coefficients, exceptional quantum yields, improved photostability, and significant red shifts. This article presents an overview of the diverse fluorometric, and colorimetric sensors produced from rhodamine, as well as their applications in a wide range of fields. The ability of rhodamine-based chemosensors to detect a wide range of metal ions, including Hg+2, Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Sn4+, Zn2+, and Pb2+, is one of their major advantages. Other applications of these sensors include dual analytes, multianalytes, and relay recognition of dual analytes. Rhodamine-based probes can also detect noble metal ions such as Au3+, Ag+, and Pt2+. They have been used to detect pH, biological species, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, anions, and nerve agents in addition to metal ions. The probes have been engineered to undergo colorimetric or fluorometric changes upon binding to specific analytes, rendering them highly selective and sensitive by ring-opening via different mechanisms such as Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET), Chelation Enhanced Fluorescence (CHEF), Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT), and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). For improved sensing performance, light-harvesting dendritic systems based on rhodamine conjugates has also been explored for enhanced sensing performance. These dendritic arrangements permit the incorporation of numerous rhodamine units, resulting in an improvement in signal amplification and sensitivity. The probes have been utilised extensively for imaging biological samples, including imaging of living cells, and for environmental research. Moreover, they have been combined into logic gates for the construction of molecular computing systems. The usage of rhodamine-based chemosensors has created significant potential in a range of disciplines, including biological and environmental sensing as well as logic gate applications. This study focuses on the work published between 2012 and 2021 and emphasises the enormous research and development potential of these probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raguraman Lalitha
- Organic and Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620 015, India
| | - Sivan Velmathi
- Organic and Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620 015, India.
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3
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Battula H, Muduli S, Priyanka Bandi S, Kapoor S, Mishra S, Aggarwal H, Vamsi krishna Venuganti V, Jayanty S. Selective and swift-responsive “off-on” rhodamine B based chemosensors: Recognition of multi-metal ions, on-site sensing of Fe(III) in water samples and bioimaging in aqueous media. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Podshibyakin VА, Shepelenko ЕN, Karlutova OY, Dubonosova IV, Borodkin GS, Popova OS, Zaichenko SB, Dubonosov AD, Bren VA, Minkin VI. Solvent-dependent selective “naked eye” chromofluorogenic multifunctional rhodamine-based probe for Al3+, Cu2+, Hg2+, S2− and CN− ions. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Qiu J, Zhong C, Liu M, Yuan Y, Zhu H, Gao Y. Rational design and bioimaging application of water-soluble Fe 3+ fluorescent probes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06253g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The carboxyl group improves the water-solubility of Fe3+ fluorescent probes, while resulting in different performances based on its position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350117
- China
| | - Chunli Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350117
- China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350117
- China
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Department of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350108
- China
| | - Hu Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350117
- China
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis
| | - Yong Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350117
- China
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6
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Liu Y, Li Y, Zong L, Zhang J. Comparison of two rhodamine-based polystyrene solid-phase fluorescent sensors for mercury(II) determination. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820904854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two novel rhodamine-based polystyrene solid-phase fluorescent sensors PS-AC-I and PS-AC-II with different coordination atoms (O or S) are synthesized and shown to be able to detect Hg(II) ions. They are characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Their fluorescent properties, including response time, pH effects, fluorescence titrations, metal ion competition and recycling, are investigated and compared. Sensor PS-AC-II displayed higher selectivity and sensitivity to Hg(II), with a lower detection limit of 0.032 µM, which was 15 times better than PS-AC-I. A detection mechanism involving the Hg(II) chelation-induced ring-opening of the rhodamine spirolactam is proposed with the aid of theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Chengxian College, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Linghui Zong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Chengxian College, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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7
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Zhang M, Shen C, Jia T, Qiu J, Zhu H, Gao Y. One-step synthesis of rhodamine-based Fe 3+ fluorescent probes via Mannich reaction and its application in living cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 231:118105. [PMID: 32006914 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Four rhodamine-based fluorescent probes M1-M4 were synthesized in one step using Mannich reaction. The Mannich reaction based approach has the advantages of simplicity, good yield and excellent atomic economy. The structures were determined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and HRMS. The probe M3 as a representative compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray analyses. The fluorescence and absorbance spectra research of the probes demonstrated that they could be used as Fe3+-selective fluorescent probes with good sensitivity, excellent linearity, and outstanding anti-interference in acetonitrile/Tris-HCl buffer solution (3:7, V/V; pH = 7.4). Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy experiments have proven that the probe M3 was successfully used for fluorescence imaging in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chuanchuan Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ting Jia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jianwen Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yong Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
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8
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Sahoo SK, Crisponi G. Recent Advances on Iron(III) Selective Fluorescent Probes with Possible Applications in Bioimaging. Molecules 2019; 24:E3267. [PMID: 31500326 PMCID: PMC6767235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron(III) is well-known to play a vital role in a variety of metabolic processes in almost all living systems, including the human body. However, the excess or deficiency of Fe3+ from the normal permissible limit can cause serious health problems. Therefore, novel analytical methods are developed for the simple, direct, and cost-effective monitoring of Fe3+ concentration in various environmental and biological samples. Because of the high selectivity and sensitivity, fast response time, and simplicity, the fluorescent-based molecular probes have been developed extensively in the past few decades to detect Fe3+. This review was narrated to summarize the Fe3+-selective fluorescent probes that show fluorescence enhancement (turn-on) and ratiometric response. The Fe3+ sensing ability, mechanisms along with the analytical novelties of recently reported 77 fluorescent probes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suban K. Sahoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, S.V. National Institute Technology, Surat 395007, Gujrat, India
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
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Wu ZY, Xu ZY, Yan JW, Li Y, Kou Q, Zhang L. Development of rhodamine-based fluorescent probes for sensitive detection of Fe3+ in water: spectroscopic and computational investigations. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05366a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Four novel rhodamine-based fluorescent probes (RE1–RE4) were designed and synthesized for sensitive detection of Fe3+ in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-ying Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong-yong Xu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Jin-wu Yan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmceuticals
| | - Yafang Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510655
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuye Kou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510655
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmceuticals
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10
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Yan L, Gu X, Wang Z, Qi Z. Fe
3+
‐Responsive Micelle Based on an Amphiphilic Polymer and a Rhodamine B‐Containing Amphiphile in Aqueous Media. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of Technology Guilin, Guangxi 541004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189 P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189 P. R. China
| | - Zhengjian Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189 P. R. China
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11
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11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid functionalized gold nanoclusters as fluorescent probes for the sensitive detection of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Hu Y, Zhao F, Hu S, Dong Y, Li D, Su Z. A novel turn-on colorimetric and fluorescent sensor for Fe3+ and its application in living cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Hirayama T, Nagasawa H. Chemical tools for detecting Fe ions. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 60:39-48. [PMID: 28163381 PMCID: PMC5281535 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its distinctive electrochemical properties with interconvertible multiple oxidation states, iron plays a significant role in various physiologically important functions such as respiration, oxygen transport, energy production, and enzymatic reactions. This redox activity can also potentially produce cellular damage and death, and numerous diseases are related to iron overload resulting from the dysfunction of the iron regulatory system. In this case, “free iron” or “labile iron,” which refers to iron ion weakly bound or not bound to proteins, causes aberrant production of reactive oxygen species. With the aim of elucidating the variation of labile iron involved in pathological processes, some chemical tools that can qualitatively and/or quantitatively monitor iron have been utilized to investigate the distribution, accumulation, and flux of biological iron species. Since iron ions show unique reactivity depending on its redox state, i.e., Fe2+ or Fe3+ (or transiently higher oxidative states), methods for the separate detection of iron species with different redox states are preferred to understand its physiological and pathological roles more in detail. The scope of this review article covers from classical chromogenic to newly emerging chemical tools for the detection of Fe ions. In particular, chemical tools applicable to biological studies will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Hirayama
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideko Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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14
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Zhang F, Gao Q, Zhao J, Ge M, Bai Y. Design and synthesis of a novel rhodamine-based chemosensor and recognition study to Fe3+. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2015-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensor Rh1 for Fe3+ was synthesized by condensation reaction of rhodamine B hydrochloride and 2-aminothiazole, and its structure was confirmed by NMR, IR, HRMS and crystal data. Upon coordination with Fe3+ in CH3CN-H2O (1:1, v/v) solution, the spirolactam of Rh1 is opened, which results in a dramatic enhancement of fluorescence intensity as well as the color change of the solution. Most importantly, other metal ions show no obvious interference with the detection of Fe3+. Under the optimum conditions described, the fluorescence intensity is linearly proportional to the concentration of Fe3+ in the range of 2 μm ~ 7 μm. The Job’s plot indicates a 1:1 binding stoichiometry between Rh1 and Fe3+. The association constant (Ka) is 2.26 × 104m-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Qi Gao
- 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Junxia Zhao
- 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Man Ge
- 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Yinjuan Bai
- 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
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15
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Li CR, Qin JC, Wang BD, Fan L, Yan J, Yang ZY. A Chromone-Derived Schiff-Base Ligand as Al3+ “Turn on” Fluorescent Sensor: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties. J Fluoresc 2015; 26:345-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-015-1720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Santos-Figueroa LE, Llopis-Lorente A, Royo S, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R, Costero AM, Gil S, Parra M. A Chalcone-Based Highly Selective and Sensitive Chromofluorogenic Probe for Trivalent Metal Cations. Chempluschem 2015; 80:800-804. [PMID: 31973343 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new chalcone-based probe for the chromofluorogenic sensing of trivalent (Al3+ , Fe3+ , Cr3+ , Ga3+ , In3+ and As3+ ) over mono- and divalent cations and anions is reported. In the presence of trivalent metal cations, the probe was able to display a remarkable color change from yellow to colorless that was clearly visible to the naked eye. Also, the initial strong yellow emission was gradually quenched and substituted by a weakly shifted band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Santos-Figueroa
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (Spain).,Instituto de Investigación y Evaluación Educativas y Sociales (INIEES), Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Francisco Morazán, Tegucigalpa (Honduras)
| | - Antoni Llopis-Lorente
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (Spain)
| | - Santiago Royo
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (Spain)
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (Spain)
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (Spain)
| | - Ana M Costero
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia (Spain)
| | - Salvador Gil
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia (Spain)
| | - Margarita Parra
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain).,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia (Spain)
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Zhu H, Fan J, Wang B, Peng X. Fluorescent, MRI, and colorimetric chemical sensors for the first-row d-block metal ions. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 44:4337-66. [PMID: 25406612 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals (d-blocks) are recognized as playing critical roles in biology, and they most often act as cofactors in diverse enzymes; however, improper regulation of transition metal stores is also connected to serious disorders. Therefore, the monitoring and imaging of transition metals are significant for biological research as well as clinical diagnosis. In this article, efforts have been made to review the chemical sensors that have been developed for the detection of the first-row d-block metals (except Cu and Zn): Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni. We focus on the development of fluorescent sensors (fall into three classes: "turn-off", "turn-on", and ratiometric), colorimetric sensors, and responsive MRI contrast agents for these transition metals (242 references). Future work will be likely to fill in the blanks: (1) sensors for Sc, Ti, and V; (2) MRI sensors for Cr, Mn, Co, Ni; (3) ratiometric fluorescent sensors for Cr(6+), Mn(2+), and Ni(2+), explore new ways of sensing Fe(3+) or Cr(3+) without the proton interference, as well as extend applications of MRI sensors to living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-tech District, Dalian 116024, China.
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18
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Lin J, Zhu C, Liu X, Chen B, Zhang Y, Xue J, Liu J. A Highly Selective and Turn-on Fluorescent Probe for Fe3+Ion Based on Perylene Tetracarboxylic Diimide. CHINESE J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Electrochemical sensing of iron (III) by using rhodamine dimer as an electroactive material. Talanta 2014; 128:422-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Easily accessible ferric ion chemosensor based on rhodamine derivative and its reversible OFF–ON fluorescence response. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Facile synthesis, cytotoxicity and bioimaging of Fe3+ selective fluorescent chemosensor. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2045-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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