Synthesis, spectroscopy and singlet oxygen quantum yield of a non-aggregating hexadecamethyl-substituted phthalocyanine silicon(IV) derivative

Synthesis and Spectroscopic and Luminescent Properties of Er, Yb and Lu Complexes with Cyano-Substituted Phthalocyanine Ligands

Based on 4,4′-[1,3/4-phenilenebis(oxy)]phthalodinitriles, the mixture of phthalocyaninates of various structures with rare-earth metals were obtained by template fusion method minimizing the side polymerization processes. Target monophthalocyaninates were isolated from the reaction mixture and purified using column and then gel permeation chromatography. The compounds were characterized by NMR, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The spectral properties were studied and the aggregation behavior of the synthesized Er, Yb, and Lu phthalocyaninates in chloroform, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran was determined. It has been shown that lutetium complexes with 3,4-dicyanophenoxyphenoxy ligands are the least stable and least resistant to aggregation in solution, while erbium and ytterbium phthalocyaninates proved to be stable in all studied media. The quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes of the complexes in chloroform and tetrahydrofuran were calculated.

The Influence of Some Axial Ligands on Ruthenium-Phthalocyanine Complexes: Chemical, Photochemical, and Photobiological Properties

This work presents a new procedure to synthesize ruthenium–phthalocyanine complexes and uses diverse spectroscopic techniques to characterize trans-[RuCl(Pc)DMSO] (I) (Pc = phthalocyanine) and trans-[Ru(Pc)(4-ampy)₂] (II) (4-ampy = 4-aminopyridine). The triplet excited-state lifetimes of (I) measured by nanosecond transient absorption showed that two processes occurred, one around 15 ns and the other around 3.8 μs. Axial ligands seemed to affect the singlet oxygen quantum yield. Yields of 0.62 and 0.14 were achieved for (I) and (II), respectively. The lower value obtained for (II) probably resulted from secondary reactions of singlet oxygen in the presence of the ruthenium complex. We also investigate how axial ligands in the ruthenium–phthalocyanine complexes affect their photo-bioactivity in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. In the case of (I) at 1 μmol/L, photosensitization with 5.95 J/cm² provided B16F10 cell viability of 6%, showing that (I) was more active than (II) at the same concentration. Furthermore, (II) was detected intracellularly in B16F10 cell extracts. The behavior of the evaluated ruthenium–phthalocyanine complexes point to the potential use of (I) as a metal-based drug in clinical therapy. Changes in axial ligands can modulate the photosensitizer activity of the ruthenium phthalocyanine complexes.