Ag and BiVO4 decorated reduced Graphene oxide: A potential nano hybrid material for photocatalytic, sensing and biomedical applications

Zirconium Phosphate-Incorporated Polyaniline-Graphene Oxide Composite Modified Electrodes for Effective and Selective Detection of Nitrite

Nitrite contamination in food, water, and environmental samples poses a substantial health hazard, owing to its capacity for transformation into carcinogenic compounds. Given the profound ecological and physiological implications, precise and highly sensitive surveillance of nitrite has emerged as an imperative area of concern, addressing the substantial detrimental impact that it can have on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The novel electroactive polyaniline-graphene oxide composite, incorporating hexagonal zirconium phosphate discs (PGZrP), was systematically engineered as a foundation for an advanced electrochemical sensor, enabling precise nitrite detection in diverse aqueous and biological matrices. At a specific potential peak of +0.85 V, observed within a pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution, the PGZrP-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited exceptional electrocatalytic proficiency in the sensing nitrite ions (NO2-), surpassing the performance of alternative electrode configurations, including the zirconium phosphate-modified GCE (ZrP/GCE), graphene oxide-modified GCE (GO/GCE), polyaniline-graphene oxide-modified GCE (PG/GCE), and the unmodified bare glassy carbon electrode. The constructed sensor demonstrated an impressive limit of detection at 80 nM along with a broad and linear detection range spanning from 124 nM to 40 mM. The synergistic effect created by the close contact between ZrP and PG, which resulted in a well-enhanced electrochemical sensing capability, was responsible for this exceptional activity. The developed sensor exhibited an enhanced electrochemical performance characterized by an extended operational range, a heightened detection threshold, and exceptional sensitivity. The PGZrP/GCE sensor, as fabricated, consistently demonstrated commendable operational stability, robust reproducibility, and remarkable repeatability in its capacity for nitrite detection. Furthermore, its successful application in the precise quantification of nitrite levels within environmental water samples and blood specimens showcased an impressive recovery rate, establishing it as a promising tool for diverse analytical applications. These findings indicate the promising potential of the PGZrP composite for integration into electrochemical devices designed to deliver rapid response times, heightened sensitivity, and sustained stability, thereby placing it as a potential candidate for the production of cutting-edge sensors, particularly those employed for the precise recognition of nitrite in aquatic and biological specimens.

Potential applications of Fe3+-activated Sr9Al6O18 nanophosphors for fingerprint detection, oxidative stress, and thrombosis treatment

This study reports on the synthesis of Fe³⁺-activated Sr₉Al₆O₁₈ nanophosphors (SAO:Fe NPs) using a simple solution combustion process, which emits a pale green light and possesses excellent fluorescence properties. An in-situ powder dusting method was utilized to extract unique ridge features of latent fingerprints (LFPs) on various surfaces using ultra-violet 254 nm excitation. The results showed that SAO:Fe NPs possess high contrast, high sensitivity, and no background interference, enabling the observation of LFPs for longer periods. Poroscopy, which is the examination of sweat pores on the skin's papillary ridges, is important in the identification process, and the YOLOv8x program based on deep convolutional neural networks was used to study the features visible in FPs. The potential of SAO:Fe NPs to ameliorate oxidative stress and thrombosis was analyzed. The results showed that SAO:Fe NPs have antioxidant properties by scavenging 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and normalized the stress markers in NaNO₂-induced oxidative stress in Red Blood Cells (RBC). In addition, SAO:Fe inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Therefore, SAO:Fe NPs may have potential applications in advanced cardiology and forensic sciences. Overall, this study highlights the synthesis and potential applications of SAO:Fe NPs, which can enhance the sensitivity and specificity of fingerprint detection and provide insights into developing novel treatments for oxidative stress and thrombosis.

Mahmoud E, Elansary HO, Sannaningaiah D. Effect of Biofunctional Green Synthesized MgO-Nanoparticles on Oxidative-Stress-Induced Tissue Damage and Thrombosis

The present study describes the green biofunctional synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles using the aqueous Tarenna asiatica fruit extract. The characterization of Tarenna asiatica fruit extract MgO nanoparticles (TAFEMgO NPs) was achieved by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, SEM, and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction. TAFEMgO NPs scavenged the DPPH free radicals with an IC50 value of 55.95 μg/μL, and it was highly significant compared to the standard. To authenticate the observed antioxidant potential of TAFEMgO NPs, oxidative stress was induced in red blood cells (RBC) using sodium nitrite (NaNO₂). Interestingly, TAFEMgO NPs ameliorated the RBC damage from oxidative stress by significantly restoring the stress parameters, such as the protein carbonyl content (PCC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol (TT), super-oxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, oxidative stress was induced in-vivo in Sprague Dawley female rats using diclofenac (DFC). TAFEMgO NPs normalized the stress parameters in-vivo and minimized the oxidative damage in tissues. Most importantly, TAFEMgO NPs restored the function and architecture of the damaged livers, kidneys, and small intestines by regulating biochemical parameters. TAFEMgO NPs exhibited an anticoagulant effect by increasing the clotting time from 193 s in the control to 885 s in the platelet rich plasma. TAFEMgO NPs prolonged the formation of the clot process in the activated partial thromboplastin time and the prothrombin time, suggest the effective involvement in both intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways of the blood coagulation cascade. TAFEMgO NPs inhibited adenosine di-phosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. TAFEMgO NPs did not show hemolytic, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing properties at the tested concentration of 100 mg/kgbody weight, suggesting its non-toxic property. In conclusion, TAFEMgO NPs mitigates the sodium nitrite (NaNO₂)- and diclofenac (DFC)-induced stress due to oxidative damage in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.