Synthesis of Stober silica nanoparticles in solvent environments with different Hansen solubility parameters

Optimization of Water Based Drilling Fluid Properties with the SiO2/g-C3N4 Hybrid

Drilling fluids are an essential component of drilling operations in the oil and gas industry. Nanotechnology is being used to develop advanced drilling fluid additives. This study looked at the viability of synthesizing SiO2/g-C3N4 hybrid extending the Stober process followed by its addition in different concentrations to water-based drilling fluids and studying impact on the rheological and fluid loss properties of the fluids. The synthesized hybrid was analyzed using XRD, SEM, TGA, and FTIR. Subsequently, it was used to develop the water-based drilling mud formulations and subjected to measurements in accordance with API standard practices. The studies were carried out at various SiO2/g-C3N4 nanoparticle concentrations under before hot rolling (BHR) and after hot rolling (AHR) conditions. The outcomes demonstrated that the rheological and fluid loss properties were enhanced by the addition of SiO2/g-C3N4 nanoparticles, as it worked in synergy with other additives. Additionally, it was discovered that the nanoparticles improved the drilling fluid thermal stability. The experimental findings indicate a significant influence of SiO2/g-C3N4 nanoparticles on base fluid properties including rheology and fluid loss as the most remarkable, especially at higher temperatures. The significant improvements in yield point and 10 s gel strength were 55 and 42.8% under BHR and 216 and 140% under AHR conditions, respectively. Permeability plugging test (PPT) fluid loss was reduced by 69.6 and 87.2% under BHR and AHR conditions, respectively, when 0.5 lb/bbl nanoparticles were used in formulations. As a result, SiO2/g-C3N4 nanomaterial has the potential to be used as drilling fluid additive in water-based drilling fluids.

Nanoparticle-mediated dsRNA delivery for precision insect pest control: a comprehensive review

Nanoparticle-based delivery systems have emerged as powerful tools in the field of pest management, offering precise and effective means of delivering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a potent agent for pest control through RNA interference (RNAi). This comprehensive review aims to evaluate and compare various types of nanoparticles for their suitability in dsRNA delivery for pest management applications. The review begins by examining the unique properties and advantages of different nanoparticle materials, including clay, chitosan, liposomes, carbon, gold and silica. Each material's ability to protect dsRNA from degradation and its potential for targeted delivery to pests are assessed. Furthermore, this review delves into the surface modification strategies employed to enhance dsRNA delivery efficiency. Functionalization with oligonucleotides, lipids, polymers, proteins and peptides is discussed in detail, highlighting their role in improving stability, cellular uptake, and specificity of dsRNA delivery.This review also provides valuable guidance on choosing the most suitable nanoparticle-based system for delivering dsRNA effectively and sustainably in pest management. Moreover, it identifies existing knowledge gaps and proposes potential research directions aimed at enhancing pest control strategies through the utilization of nanoparticles and dsRNA.