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Agarwalla S, Chandra B, Santra A, Kundu GK. Impact of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) on Dental Caries amongst Socially Handicapped Orphan Children and Children Living with Their Parents. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S230-S233. [PMID: 35645536 PMCID: PMC9108838 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the IQ and dental caries status of socially deprived orphan children and compare with children living with their parents. Study design For comparison, 100 children in age-group 7-11 years, were divided in two groups: 50 orphanage children (orphanage-group) and 50 school-going children living with their families were included (home group). Raven's colored progressive matrices test was used to record the intelligence quotient (IQ) and dental caries status of children was recorded using dmft Index. Results There was statistically significant difference between children with different levels of IQ for both the groups. However, the majority of children who belong to below average IQ score had higher dental caries. Conclusion Children with better IQ had less dental caries. There was no difference in IQ and DMFT/dmft score between both the genders. The overall DMFT/dmft was high in children living with their parents when compared to orphanage children. How to cite this article Agarwalla S. The Impact of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) on Dental Caries amongst Socially Handicapped Orphan Children and Children Living with Their Parents. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S230-S233.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Agarwalla
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswaroop Chandra
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Santra
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Gautam Kumar Kundu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Badr F, Sabbah W. Inequalities in Untreated Root Caries and Affordability of Dental Services among Older American Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8523. [PMID: 33212971 PMCID: PMC7698597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The growing geriatric population is facing numerous economic challenges and oral health changes. This study explores the relationship between affordability of dental care and untreated root caries among older American adults, and whether that relationship is independent of ethnicity and socioeconomic factors. Data from 1776 adults (65 years or older) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. The association between affordability of dental care and untreated root caries was assessed using logistic regression models. Findings indicated that untreated root caries occurred in 42.5% of those who could not afford dental care, and 14% of those who could afford dental care. Inability to afford dental care remained a statistically significant predictor of untreated root caries in the fully adjusted regression model (odds ratio 2.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.78, 4.39). Other statistically significant predictors were gender (male), infrequent dental visits, and current smoking. The study concludes that the inability to afford dental care was the strongest predictor of untreated root caries among older Americans. The findings highlight the problems with access to and use of much needed dental services by older adults. Policy reform should facilitate access to oral healthcare by providing an alternative coverage for dental care, or by alleviating the financial barrier imposed on older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Badr
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Dental Public Health, King’s College London, Denmark Hill Campus, 2nd Floor Dental Extension, Bessemer Road, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Wael Sabbah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Dental Public Health, King’s College London, Denmark Hill Campus, 2nd Floor Dental Extension, Bessemer Road, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK
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ALFotawi R, Alzahrani S, Alhefdhi R, Altamimi A, Alfadhel A, Alshareef A, Aldawsari B, Sonbol S, Alsubaie F, Alwahibi A, Al-Sinaidi A. The relation between teeth loss and cognitive decline among Saudi population in the city of Riyadh: A pilot study. Saudi Dent J 2019; 32:232-241. [PMID: 32647470 PMCID: PMC7336006 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Teeth are necessary for sensory input to the brain during the chewing process, but how the decrease in this sensory input, due to loss of teeth, may cause weak memory and lead to cognitive decline is not well understood. This pilot public survey aiming to assess the correlation between the number of missing teeth, periodontal disease, and cognitive skill in the city of Riyadh. Material& Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey, targeting geriatric population aged ≥60 years, was performed in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was conducted to all participants to assess their cognitive function. Assessment of oral health status was carried out, including the number of present dentation and their periodontal status. Community periodontal-index (CPI) was used to assess the periodontal condition. The primary variables were number of missing teeth, periodontal disease and MoCA test scores. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were computed and the significant P- value was set at <0.05. Results Of 95 participants, overall, 57 (60%) and 38 (40%) were male and female, respectively, with a mean age of 65.67 ± 6.32 years. Females showed more significant cognitive decline than males (P < 0.001). Cognitive decline was significantly high in participants with low educational level 19 (95%), unemployment 41 (79%), and lower income people 26 (79%), while being cognitive intact was significantly higher in highly educated 13 (87%), retired 21 (62%), and higher income people 28 (74%) at (P < 0.001). An advanced age and greater number of missing teeth are associated with lower MoCA test scores. No statistical significant correlation with regard to periodontal disease and MoCA test scores. Conclusion Based on the preliminary data, positive correlation was confirmed when the number of missing teeth and cognitive skill were assessed. Therefore, larger, multi-center regional surveys are needed to investigate further this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa ALFotawi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Dental Faculty, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alzahrani
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Reem Alhefdhi
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Asma Altamimi
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Alia Alfadhel
- Dept. of Dentistry, Saudi, Ministry of Health, AlBaha Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshareef
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Bader Aldawsari
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Saleh Sonbol
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Faisal Alsubaie
- Dental Intern, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwahibi
- Psychiatry Dept. King Saud University Medical city, collage of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Aljoharah Al-Sinaidi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dept of Periodontology Dental Faculty, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Hakeem FF, Sabbah W. Is there socioeconomic inequality in periodontal disease among adults with optimal behaviours. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:400-407. [PMID: 30919709 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1582795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine if socioeconomic inequalities exist in periodontal disease among adult with optimal oral health behaviours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were from the Adult Dental Health Survey 2009, a national survey of England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Overall, 4738 participants aged 35 years and older were included in the analysis. Periodontal disease indicated by pocket depth or loss of attachment ≥4 mm, and gingival bleeding were used as periodontal outcomes. Education and deprivation indicated socioeconomic position. Behavioural factors were dental visits, toothbrushing and smoking. The subset of adults with and without optimal health related behaviours included 2916 and 1822 participants, respectively. The associations between periodontal disease and socioeconomic position were tested adjusting for demographic and behavioural factors. Additional models stratifying the sample to those with and without optimal behaviour subgroup were constructed. RESULTS Education and deprivation were significantly associated with periodontal disease in the partially adjusted models. In the analysis of those with optimal behaviours, only deprivation and highest level of education showed significant association with periodontitis (PD), but not with gingival bleeding. Among those without optimal behaviours, all socioeconomic factors were associated with all outcomes except deprivation and PD. CONCLUSIONS Oral health behaviours marginally contributed to inequalities in gingival bleeding and periodontal disease. Socioeconomic inequalities were attenuated among those with optimal behaviours and persisted among those without optimal behaviours. Behaviours appeared to be an effect modifier for the relationship between periodontal outcomes and socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F. Hakeem
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Sabbah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
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Gale CR, Deary IJ, Batty GD. Cognitive ability and risk of death from lower respiratory tract infection: findings from UK Biobank. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1342. [PMID: 30718728 PMCID: PMC6362031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38126-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection, but it is unclear whether risk varies across the normal range of cognitive ability. People with higher cognitive ability tend to behave in a healthier fashion as regards risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection and there is evidence that they have a lower risk of dying from respiratory disease as a whole. We therefore investigated the relationship between cognitive ability and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection. Participants were 434,413 people from UK Biobank (54% female). Cognitive ability was measured using tests of reaction time and reasoning. Data on deaths from lower respiratory infection were obtained from death certificates. Over a mean follow-up period of 6.99 years, 1,282 people died of lower respiratory infection. Mortality from lower respiratory tract infection fell as cognitive ability increased. For a standard deviation faster reaction time, the age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.80 (0.76, 0.83) and the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio was 0.87 (0.83, 0.91). There were similar though weaker associations when cognitive ability was assessed using a reasoning test. These findings suggest that variation across the normal range of cognitive ability increase risk of dying from lower respiratory tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine R Gale
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - G David Batty
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London, UK
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Wraw C, Der G, Gale CR, Deary IJ. Intelligence in youth and health behaviours in middle age. INTELLIGENCE 2018; 69:71-86. [PMID: 30100645 PMCID: PMC6075942 DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between intelligence in youth and a range of health-related behaviours in middle age. METHOD Participants were the 5347 men and women who responded to the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY-79) 2012 survey. IQ was recorded with the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) when participants were aged 15 to 23 years of age. Self-reports on exercise (moderate activity, vigorous activity, and strength training), dietary, smoking, drinking, and oral health behaviours were recorded when participants were in middle age (mean age = 51.7 years). A series of regression analyses tested for an association between IQ in youth and the different health related behaviours in middle age, while adjusting for childhood socio-economic status (SES) and adult SES. RESULTS Higher IQ in youth was significantly associated with the following behaviours that are beneficial to health: being more likely to be able to do moderate cardiovascular activity (Odds Ratio, 95% CI) (1.72, 1.35 to 2.20, p < .001) and strength training (1.61, 1.37 to 1.90, p < .001); being less likely to have had a sugary drink in the previous week (0.75, 0.71 to 0.80, p < .001); a lower likelihood of drinking alcohol heavily (0.67, 0.61 to 0.74, p < .001); being less likely to smoke (0.60, 0.56 to 0.65, p < .001); being more likely to floss (1.47, 1.35 to 1.59, p < .001); and being more likely to say they "often" read the nutritional information (1.20, 1.09 to 1.31, p < .001) and ingredients (1.24, 1.12 to 1.36, p < .001) on food packaging compared to always reading them. Higher IQ was also linked with dietary behaviours that may or may not be linked with poorer health outcomes (i.e. being more likely to have skipped a meal (1.10, 1.03 to 1.17, p = .005) and snacked between meals (1.37, 1.26 to 1.50, p < .001) in the previous week). An inverted u-shaped association was also found between IQ and the number of meals skipped per week. Higher IQ was also linked with behaviours that are known to be linked with poorer health (i.e. a higher likelihood of drinking alcohol compared to being abstinent from drinking alcohol (1.58, 1.47 to 1.69, p < .001)). A u-shaped association was found between IQ and the amount of alcohol consumed per week and an inverted u-shaped association was found between IQ and the number of cigarettes smoked a day. Across all outcomes, adjusting for childhood SES tended to attenuate the estimated effect size only slightly. Adjusting for adult SES led to more marked attenuation but statistical significance was maintained in most cases. CONCLUSION In the present study, a higher IQ in adolescence was associated with a number of healthier behaviours in middle age. In contrast to these results, a few associations were also identified between higher intelligence and behaviours that may or may not be linked with poor health (i.e. skipping meals and snacking between meals) and with behaviours that are known to be linked with poor health (i.e. drinking alcohol and the number of cigarettes smoked). To explore mechanisms of association, future studies could test for a range of health behaviours as potential mediators between IQ and morbidity or mortality in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wraw
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Geoff Der
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, 200 Renfield Street, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G2 3QB, UK
| | - Catharine R. Gale
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9JZ, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9JZ, UK
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Sørensen CE, Hansen NL, Mortensen EL, Lauritzen M, Osler M, Pedersen AML. Hyposalivation and Poor Dental Health Status Are Potential Correlates of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Late Midlife in Danish Men. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:10. [PMID: 29441011 PMCID: PMC5797531 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral correlates of age-associated cognitive decline are important tools in the screening for potentially abnormal courses of cognitive aging. Since salivary gland function is controlled by the autonomic and central nervous system, associations between cognitive changes and salivary gland hypofunction were tested in two groups of middle-aged men in late midlife, who differed substantially with respect to their midlife performance in verbal intelligence when compared with their performance in young adulthood. Materials and Methods: Participants (n = 193) were recruited from the Danish Metropolit Cohort of men born in 1953. Based on their individual change in performance in two previously administered intelligence tests, they were allocated to one group of positive and one group of negative outliers in midlife cognition scores, indicating no decline versus decline in test performance. All participants underwent a clinical oral examination including assessments of their dental, periodontal, and mucosal conditions. Whole and parotid saliva flow rates were measured, and the number of systemic diseases and medication intake as well as daytime and nocturnal xerostomia were registered. Results: Participants with decline in cognitive test performance in midlife had significantly lower unstimulated whole saliva flow rates, higher prevalence of hyposalivation and daytime xerostomia and a higher caries experience than participants with no decline in midlife performance. Daytime and nocturnal xerostomia were associated with daily intake of medication and alcohol. Discussion: Overall, hyposalivation, xerostomia and poor dental status distinguished a group of men displaying relative decline in cognitive performance from a group of men without evidence of cognitive decline. Thus, hyposalivation and poor dental health status may represent potential correlates of age-related cognitive decline in late midlife, provided that other causes can be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane E Sørensen
- Section of Oral Medicine, Clinical Oral Physiology, Oral Pathology and Anatomy, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja L Hansen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Functional Imaging Unit, Diagnostic Department, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Erik L Mortensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Aging Research Center, Universities of Aarhus, Southern Denmark and Copenhagen, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Lauritzen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Osler
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Aging Research Center, Universities of Aarhus, Southern Denmark and Copenhagen, Odense, Denmark.,Research Center for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne M L Pedersen
- Section of Oral Medicine, Clinical Oral Physiology, Oral Pathology and Anatomy, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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The Effect of Number of Teeth and Chewing Ability on Cognitive Function of Elderly in UAE: A Pilot Study. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:5732748. [PMID: 29348749 PMCID: PMC5734010 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5732748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline is one of the major causes of disability among the aging population. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between oral health parameters (number of teeth, chewing ability, and presence of a denture) and cognitive function in the elderly across the UAE. Fifty persons (age ≥ 60; 71.26 ± 10.23) were enrolled in the study. Cognitive status was assessed using the standardized mini-mental state examination (SMMSE) and accordingly, cognitively normal subjects scoring ≥24 were considered as the control group and cognitively impaired individuals scoring ≤23 were considered as the low scoring group. Chewing ability was examined, number of teeth was noted, and demographical data was collected. The results of this pilot study showed that individuals with low SMMSE scores were significantly less educated (P < 0.01) and had fewer number of remaining teeth (P < 0.05) and impaired chewing ability (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate a significant link between the number of teeth, chewing ability, and cognitive function. However, this pilot study had its limitations and was the first of its kind in the UAE and Gulf region; therefore, future research addressing the limitations is needed to further explore this association.
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Peres MA, Bastos JL, Watt RG, Xavier AJ, Barbato PR, D'Orsi E. Tooth loss is associated with severe cognitive impairment among older people: findings from a population-based study in Brazil. Aging Ment Health 2015; 19:876-84. [PMID: 25407512 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2014.977770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A consistent and low-to-moderate association between markers of oral infection and loss of cognitive function has been demonstrated in the literature. However, such evidence comes from population studies carried out mainly in the USA. OBJECTIVES To assess the association between tooth loss and loss of cognitive function in older people from Southern Brazil, with particular interest on how age may modify such association. In addition, we also test the association between loss of cognition (exposure) and tooth loss (outcome). METHODS Data from a baseline population-based cohort study were cross-sectionally analyzed, including tooth loss, cognitive impairment, sex, income, educational attainment, color/race, smoking status and a range of self-reported chronic diseases. Participants (n = 1705) were 60 years of age and over, from a midsized Southern Brazilian city. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic and partial ordinal logistic analyses. RESULTS Edentate status was associated (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.2-9.3) with severe cognitive impairment in the fully adjusted model. Moreover, there was an interaction between number of teeth and age on severe cognitive impairment. A weak association between severe cognitive impairment (exposure) and tooth loss (outcome) was identified after the adjustment for potential covariates. CONCLUSIONS This study lends support to hypothesized association between tooth loss and severe cognitive impairment. Older adults seem to be particularly vulnerable to such effects. However, the bidirectional association between tooth loss and severe cognitive impairment cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Peres
- a Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia
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Pakpour AH, Gellert P, Asefzadeh S, Sniehotta FF. Planning Predicts Dental Service Attendance and the Effect is Moderated by Dental Anxiety and Educational Status: Findings from a One-Year Prospective Study. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2014; 6:214-29. [DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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