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Halabian R, Jahangiri A, Sedighian H, Behzadi E, Fooladi AAI. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B as DNA vaccine against breast cancer in a murine model. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:939-949. [PMID: 36991248 PMCID: PMC10057679 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many efforts have been made to treat cancer using recombinant bacterial toxins and this strategy has been used in clinical trials of various cancers. Therapeutic DNA cancer vaccines are now considered as a promising strategy to activate the immune system against cancer. Cancer vaccines could induce specific and long-lasting immune responses against tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor potency of the SEB DNA vaccine as a new antitumor candidate against breast tumors in vivo. To determine the effect of the SEB construct on inhibiting tumor cell growth in vivo, the synthetic SEB gene, subsequent codon optimization, and embedding the cleavage sites were sub-cloned to an expression vector. Then, SEB construct, SEB, and PBS were injected into the mice. After being vaccinated, 4T1 cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of mice. Then, the cytokine levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ were estimated by the ELISA method to evaluate the antitumor activity. The spleen lymphocyte proliferation, tumor size, and survival time were assessed. The concentration of IFN-γ in the SEB-Vac group showed a significant increase compared to other groups. The production of IL-4 in the group that received the DNA vaccine did not change significantly compared to the control group. The lymphocyte proliferation increased significantly in the mice group that received SEB construct than PBS control group (p < 0.001). While there was a meaningful decrease in tumor size (p < 0.001), a significant increase in tumor tissue necrosis (p < 0.01) and also in survival time of the animal model receiving the recombinant construct was observed. The designed SEB gene construct can be a new model vaccine for breast cancer because it effectively induces necrosis and produces specific immune responses. This structure does not hurt normal cells and is a safer treatment than chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Its slow and long-term release gently stimulates the immune system and cellular memory. It could be applied as a new model for inducing apoptosis and antitumor immunity to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Behzadi
- Academy of Medical Sciences of the I.R. of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gielecińska A, Kciuk M, Mujwar S, Celik I, Kołat D, Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż, Kontek R. Substances of Natural Origin in Medicine: Plants vs. Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:986. [PMID: 37048059 PMCID: PMC10092955 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous monitoring of the population's health is the main method of learning about disease prevalence. National and international data draw attention to the persistently high rates of cancer incidence. This necessitates the intensification of efforts aimed at developing new, more effective chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive drugs. Plants represent an invaluable source of natural substances with versatile medicinal properties. Multidirectional activities exhibited by natural substances and their ability to modulate key signaling pathways, mainly related to cancer cell death, make these substances an important research direction. This review summarizes the information regarding plant-derived chemotherapeutic drugs, including their mechanisms of action, with a special focus on selected anti-cancer drugs (paclitaxel, irinotecan) approved in clinical practice. It also presents promising plant-based drug candidates currently being tested in clinical and preclinical trials (betulinic acid, resveratrol, and roburic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Gielecińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kciuk
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Matsuda T, Takeuchi H, Sakurai T, Mayanagi S, Booka E, Fujita T, Higuchi H, Taguchi J, Hamamoto Y, Takaishi H, Kawakubo H, Okamoto M, Sunamura M, Kawakami Y, Kitagawa Y. Pilot study of WT1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination with docetaxel in esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1348-1356. [PMID: 29963201 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the immune response to Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccination combined with docetaxel (DCDOC) in advanced esophageal cancer patients who had already received first-line chemotherapy was investigated. Ten HLA-A*2402 patients were treated with docetaxel (50 mg/m2) on day 1 and WT1 peptide-pulsed DC vaccination (1×107 cells) on days 15 and 22 (repeated every 4 weeks for 3 cycles). The delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test, HLA tetramer assay and interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay were used to evaluate the induction of a WT1-specific immune response. Median overall survival was 5 months (range, 1.1-11.6). The clinical effect of DCDOC therapy was not observed and only 1 patient could complete the protocol therapy. Disease progression was observed in 9 patients and 1 patient succumbed to fatality during the second cycle of therapy. As a pilot study, it was not possible to evaluate the safety of WT1 peptide-pulsed DCDOC therapy for esophageal squamous cell cancer. However, a WT1-specific response in 6 patients, as indicated by the ELISPOT or HLA/WT1-tetramer assay, was demonstrated. The results suggested that the positive immune response had significant relevance on the low percentage of CD11b+ and CD66b+ granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in CD15+ cells. Furthermore, DCDOC elicited a WT1-specific immune response regardless of the myelosuppression associated with docetaxel. The present findings support future studies and further work to assess DCDOC as an adjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer will be performed. The present clinical trial was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry on November 11th, 2011, no. UMIN000006704.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Sakurai
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shuhei Mayanagi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eisuke Booka
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Fujita
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hajime Higuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo 108-8329, Japan
| | - Junichi Taguchi
- Tokyo Midtown Clinic, Midtown Tower 6F, Tokyo 107-6206, Japan
| | - Yasuo Hamamoto
- Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Takaishi
- Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Okamoto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Sunamura
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery and Transplantation Surgery, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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4
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Lorenzo D, Duarte A, Mundiñano J, Berguer P, Nepomnaschy I, Piazzon I. A B-Cell Superantigen Induces the Apoptosis of Murine and Human Malignant B Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162456. [PMID: 27603942 PMCID: PMC5014328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell superantigens (Sags) bind to conserved sites of the VH or VL regions of immunoglobulin molecules outside their complementarity-determining regions causing the apoptosis of normal cognate B cells. No attempts to investigate whether B-cell Sags are able to induce the apoptosis of cognate malignant B cells were reported. In the present study we show that protein L (PpL), secreted by Finegoldia magna, a B-cell Sag which interacts with κ+ bearing cells, induces the apoptosis of murine and human κ+ lymphoma B cells both in vitro and in vivo. Apoptosis was not altered by caspase-8 inhibitor. No alterations in the levels of Bid, Fas and Fas-L were found suggesting that PpL does not activate the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. The involvement of the intrinsic pathway was clearly indicated by: i) alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) both in murine and human lymphoma cells exposed to PpL; ii) decreased levels of apoptosis in the presence of caspase-9 inhibitor; iii) significant increases of Bim and Bax protein levels and downregulation of Bcl-2; iv) the translocation from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria of Bax and Bim pro-apoptotic proteins and its inhibition by caspase-9 inhibitor but not by caspase-8 inhibitor and v) the translocation of Bcl-2 protein from the mitochondria to the cytosol and its inhibition by caspase-9 inhibitor but not by caspase-8 inhibitor. The possibility of a therapeutic use of Sags in lymphoma/leukemia B cell malignancies is discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Animals
- Annexin A5/metabolism
- Apoptosis/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- B7-2 Antigen/metabolism
- Bacterial Proteins/immunology
- Bcl-2-Like Protein 11/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics
- Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Caspase 8/metabolism
- Caspase 9/metabolism
- Caspase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytosol/metabolism
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/metabolism
- Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Protein Transport
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Superantigens/immunology
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
- fas Receptor/genetics
- fas Receptor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lorenzo
- IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Duarte
- IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juliana Mundiñano
- IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Paula Berguer
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene Nepomnaschy
- IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Isabel Piazzon
- IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Yousefi F, Mousavi SF, Siadat SD, Aslani MM, Amani J, Rad HS, Fooladi AAI. Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of TGFαL3-SEB as a Ligand-Targeted Superantigen. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2015; 15:215-26. [DOI: 10.1177/1533034614568753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-targeted superantigens (TTSs) have been used to treat a variety of tumors in preclinical studies. The TTS utilizes the powerful T-cell activation strategy by means of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) as superantigens (Sags) to target tumor cells. Monoclonal antibodies and tumor-related ligands have been used as targeting molecules of Sag. In this study, we assessed the antitumor potency of tumor-targeted superantigen (TTS) strategy to design and produce fusion protein as a new antitumor candidate. The third loop (L3) of transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) was genetically conjugated to staphylococcal enterotoxin type B (TGFαL3-SEB), and its in vitro antitumor activity against murine breast cancer cells (A431 cell line) was evaluated. We designed and prepared TGFαL3-SEB chimeric protein and evaluated superantigenic activity, binding property to cancer cells, overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and in vitro antitumor activities. Cloning of tgfαl3-seb was confirmed by colony-polymerase chain reaction, enzymatic digestion, and sequencing. The recombinant TGFαL3-SEB fusion protein with molecular weight of 31 kDa was expressed and confirmed by anti-His Western-blot analysis. The TGFαL3-SEB fusion protein attached to A431 cell line with proper affinity and induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity against EGFR-expressing cancer cells in vitro. The TGFαL3-SEB chimeric protein exhibited potent in vitro antitumor activity. Our findings indicated that TGFαL3-SEB may be a promising anticancer candidate in cancer immunotherapy, and further studies are required to explore its potential in vivo therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Yousefi
- Bacteriology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian Rad
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fuenmayor J, Montaño RF. Novel antibody-based proteins for cancer immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:3370-93. [PMID: 24212958 PMCID: PMC3759200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3033370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative success of monoclonal antibodies in cancer immunotherapy and the vast manipulation potential of recombinant antibody technology have encouraged the development of novel antibody-based antitumor proteins. Many insightful reagents have been produced, mainly guided by studies on the mechanisms of action associated with complete and durable remissions, results from experimental animal models, and our current knowledge of the human immune system. Strikingly, only a small percent of these new reagents has demonstrated clinical value. Tumor burden, immune evasion, physiological resemblance, and cell plasticity are among the challenges that cancer therapy faces, and a number of antibody-based proteins are already available to deal with many of them. Some of these novel reagents have been shown to specifically increase apoptosis/cell death of tumor cells, recruit and activate immune effectors, and reveal synergistic effects not previously envisioned. In this review, we look into different approaches that have been followed during the past few years to produce these biologics and analyze their relative success, mainly in terms of their clinical performance. The use of antibody-based antitumor proteins, in combination with standard or novel therapies, is showing significant improvements in objective responses, suggesting that these reagents will become important components of the antineoplastic protocols of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaheli Fuenmayor
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas. Caracas, 1020-A, Venezuela.
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Zhu Y, Liu N, Xiong SD, Zheng YJ, Chu YW. CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T-cell Impairment by Paclitaxel is Independent of Toll-like Receptor 4. Scand J Immunol 2011; 73:301-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Superantigens increase the survival of mice bearing T cell lymphomas by inducing apoptosis of neoplastic cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15694. [PMID: 21203530 PMCID: PMC3008744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Superantigens bind to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and interact with T cells expressing a particular T cell receptor Vβ inducing a strong proliferation/deletion response of the superantigen-reactive T cells. However, there have been no attempts to investigate the ability of Sags to induce apoptosis in neoplastic T cells by signaling through the Vβ region of their TCR. In the present study we show that bacterial and MMTV-encoded superantigens induce the apoptosis of AKR/J cognate lymphoma T cells both in vitro and in vivo. The Fas-Fas-L pathway was shown to be involved in the apoptosis of lymphoma T cells induced by bacterial superantigens. In vivo exposure to bacterial superantigens was able to improve the survival of lymphoma bearing mice. Moreover, the permanent expression of a retroviral encoded superantigen induced the complete remission of an aggressive lymphoma in a high percentage of mice. The possibility of a therapeutic use of superantigens in lymphoma/leukemia T cell malignancies is discussed.
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Xu Q, Zhang X, Yue J, Liu C, Cao C, Zhong H, Ma Q. Human TGFalpha-derived peptide TGFalphaL3 fused with superantigen for immunotherapy of EGFR-expressing tumours. BMC Biotechnol 2010; 10:91. [PMID: 21176167 PMCID: PMC3018390 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-10-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monoclonal antibodies have been employed as targeting molecules of superantigen for the preclinical treatment of a variety of tumours. However, other targeting molecules, such as tumour-related ligands or peptides, are less exploited. Here, we tested other targeting molecules by genetically fusing the third loop of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalphaL3) to mutant staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEAD227A). Results The resultant fusion proteins were expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity through a Ni-NTA affinity column. Fusion protein TGFalphaL3SEAD227A can promote splenocyte proliferation to a level comparable to recombinant SEA (rSEA) and bind to EGFR-expressing tumour cells in an EGFR-dependent way. Consistent with these observations, TGFalphaL3SEAD227A exerted an inhibitory effect on the growth of EGFR-expressing tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, significant infiltrations of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were detected in the tumour tissues of these C57BL/6 mice treated with TGFalphaL3SEAD227A, suggesting the involvement of T cells in this tumour-inhibitory process. Conclusions The data here showed that TGFαL3 is capable of targeting superantigen to tumours and exerting an inhibitory effect on tumour growth, which enables TGFαL3SEAD227A to be an attractive candidate for the immunotherapy of EGFR-expressing tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanbin Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Taiping Road 27, Beijing, PR China.
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Forsberg G, Skartved NJ, Wallén-Öhman M, Nyhlén HC, Behm K, Hedlund G, Nederman T. Naptumomab Estafenatox, an Engineered Antibody-superantigen Fusion Protein With Low Toxicity and Reduced Antigenicity. J Immunother 2010; 33:492-9. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e3181d75820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Robinson MK, Alpaugh RK, Borghaei H. Naptumomab estafenatox: a new immunoconjugate. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10:273-9. [PMID: 20053143 DOI: 10.1517/14712590903575620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD New agents that specifically engage the immune system are being tested in a variety of malignancies. This review provides an overview of naptumomab, an immunotoxin, with encouraging clinical activity in Phase I trials. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review examines the preclinical and the published clinical data with regards to naptumomab. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review provides the reader with an understanding of the mechanism of action, immunology, pharmacokinetics and clinical activity of this agent. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Naptumomab has a unique mechanism of action and appears to be an active agent in the treatment of refractory solid tumors such as renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Robinson
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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12
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Borghaei H, Alpaugh K, Hedlund G, Forsberg G, Langer C, Rogatko A, Hawkins R, Dueland S, Lassen U, Cohen RB. Phase I dose escalation, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of naptumomab estafenatox alone in patients with advanced cancer and with docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:4116-23. [PMID: 19636016 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.20.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Two phase I studies were conducted of ABR-217620 alone or in combination with docetaxel. This is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of a mutated variant of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEA/E-120) linked to fragment antigen binding moiety of a monoclonal antibody recognizing the tumor-associated antigen 5T4. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer (PC), and renal cell cancer (RCC) received 5 daily boluses of ABR-217620 (3-month cycles) in escalating doses to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD; ABR-217620 dose escalation monotherapy [MONO] study). Doses were selected based on individual patient anti-SEA/E-120 titers pretreatment. Patients with NSCLC received 4 daily, escalating doses of ABR-217620 followed by docetaxel in 21-day cycles (ABR-217620 dose escalation combination with docetaxel [COMBO] study). RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were enrolled in the MONO study and 13 were enrolled in the COMBO study. The monotherapy MTD was 26 microg/kg (NSCLC and PC) and 15 microg/kg (RCC). Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in the MONO study were fever, hypotension, acute liver toxicity, and vascular leak syndrome. In the COMBO study, the MTD was 22 microg/kg (neutropenic sepsis). Adverse events included grade 1 to 2 fever, hypotension, nausea, and chills. Treatment caused a systemic increase of inflammatory cytokines and selective expansion of SEA/E-120 reactive T-cells. Tumor biopsies demonstrated T-cell infiltration after therapy. Fourteen patients (36%) had stable disease (SD) on day 56 of the MONO study. Two patients (15%) in the COMBO study had partial responses, one in a patient with progressive disease on prior docetaxel, and five patients (38%) had SD on day 56. CONCLUSION ABR-217620 was well tolerated with evidence of immunological activity and antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Borghaei
- DO, Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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