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Martins Oliveira-Brito PK, de Campos GY, Guimarães JG, Machado MP, Serafim LC, Lazo Chica JE, Roque-Barreira MC, da Silva TA. Adjuvant ArtinM favored the host immunity against Cryptococcus gattii infection in C57BL/6 mice. Immunotherapy 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38940276 DOI: 10.1080/1750743x.2024.2360384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cryptococcus gattii causes a severe fungal infection with high mortality rate among immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals. Due to limitation of current antifungal treatment, new immunotherapeutic approaches are explored. Methods: This study investigated an immunization strategy utilizing heat-inactivated C. gattii with ArtinM as an adjuvant. C57BL/6 mice were intranasally immunized with heat-killed C. gattii and ArtinM was administrated either before immunization or along with HK-C. gattii. Mice were infected with C. gattii and the efficacy of the immunization protocol was evaluated. Results: Mice that received ArtinM exhibited increased levels of IL-10 and relative expression of IL-23 in the lungs, reduced fungal burden and preserved tissue integrity post-infection. Conclusion: Adjuvant ArtinM improved immunization against C. gattii infection in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Kellen Martins Oliveira-Brito
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Yamazaki de Campos
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Garcia Guimarães
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Procópio Machado
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Costa Serafim
- Microbiology Postgraduate Program of the Microbiology Department of the Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB) of University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Javier Emílio Lazo Chica
- Institute of Natural & Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Aparecido da Silva
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology & Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Clinical Hematology Lab, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Araraquara (FCFAR), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology in Human Pathogenic Fungi, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo,Brazil
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Oliveira-Brito PKM, de Campos GY, Guimarães JG, Serafim da Costa L, Silva de Moura E, Lazo-Chica JE, Roque-Barreira MC, da Silva TA. Adjuvant Curdlan Contributes to Immunization against Cryptococcus gattii Infection in a Mouse Strain-Specific Manner. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040620. [PMID: 35455369 PMCID: PMC9030172 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The low efficacy and side effects associated with antifungal agents have highlighted the importance of developing immunotherapeutic approaches to treat Cryptococcus gattii infection. We developed an immunization strategy that uses selective Dectin-1 agonist as an adjuvant. BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice received curdlan or β-glucan peptide (BGP) before immunization with heat-killed C. gattii, and the mice were infected with viable C. gattii on day 14 post immunization and euthanized 14 days after infection. Adjuvant curdlan restored pulmonary tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) levels, as induced by immunization with heat-killed C. gattii. The average area and relative frequency of C. gattii titan cells in the lungs of curdlan-treated BALB/c mice were reduced. However, this did not reduce the pulmonary fungal burden or decrease the i0,nflammatory infiltrate in the pulmonary parenchyma of BALB/c mice. Conversely, adjuvant curdlan induced high levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-10 and decreased the C. gattii burden in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice, which was not replicated in β-glucan peptide-treated mice. The adjuvant curdlan favors the control of C. gattii infection depending on the immune response profile of the mouse strain. This study will have implications for developing new immunotherapeutic approaches to treat C. gattii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Kellen Martins Oliveira-Brito
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
| | - Gabriela Yamazaki de Campos
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
| | - Júlia Garcia Guimarães
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
| | - Letícia Serafim da Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Edanielle Silva de Moura
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
| | - Javier Emílio Lazo-Chica
- Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-189, MG, Brazil;
| | - Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
| | - Thiago Aparecido da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (P.K.M.O.-B.); (G.Y.d.C.); (J.G.G.); (E.S.d.M.); (M.C.R.-B.)
- Thiago Aparecido da Silva, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3049
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3
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Sanches JM, Rossato L, Lice I, Alves de Piloto Fernandes AM, Bueno Duarte GH, Rosini Silva AA, de Melo Porcari A, de Oliveira Carvalho P, Gil CD. The role of annexin A1 in Candida albicans and Candida auris infections in murine neutrophils. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104689. [PMID: 33307121 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is an anti-inflammatory protein expressed in various cell types, especially macrophages and neutrophils. Because neutrophils play important roles in infections and inflammatory processes and the relationship between AnxA1 and Candida spp. infections is not well-understood, our study examined whether AnxA1 can serve as a target protein for the regulation of the immune response during fungal infections. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and AnxA1 knockout (AnxA1-/-) peritoneal neutrophils were coinfected with Candida albicans or Candida auris for 4 h. AnxA1-/- neutrophils exhibited a marked increase in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), p-38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) levels after coinfection with both Candida spp. A lipidomics approach showed that AnxA1 deficiency produced marked differences in the supernatant lipid profiles of both control neutrophils and neutrophils coinfected with Candida spp. compared with WT cells, especially the levels of glycerophospholipids and glycerolipids. Our results showed that endogenous AnxA1 regulates the neutrophil response under fungal infection conditions, altering lipid membrane organization and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marcos Sanches
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Luana Rossato
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Departamento de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, 04038-032, Brazil
| | - Izabella Lice
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alex Aparecido Rosini Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, 12916-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia de Melo Porcari
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, 12916-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, 12916-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil.
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Kim YJ, de Molon RS, da Silva VC, da Veiga Conrado MCA, Spolidório LC, Roque-Barreira MCA, Cirelli JA. Topical application of lectin Artin M improves wound healing in defects created in the palatal mucosa: an in vivo study in dogs. Odontology 2020; 108:560-568. [PMID: 32076883 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that topical application of lectin Artin-M accelerates wound healing in the rat oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by means of histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) the effects of Artin-M on wound healing in the palatal mucosa in dogs. Three full thickness wounds of 6 mm diameter were surgically created in the palatal mucosa of twenty dogs and randomly divided into three groups according to one of the treatment assigned: Group C-Control (coagulum); Group A-Artin-M gel; Group V-Vehicle (carboxymethylcellulose 3%). Each animal received all the three experimental treatments. Afterwards, four animals were killed at 2, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post-surgery. Wounded areas were photographed and scored for macroscopic evaluation. Biopsies were harvested and used for descriptive histological analysis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen IHC and measurement of myeloperoxidase activity. The results demonstrated faster wound closure in group A in comparison to the other groups in all the periods evaluated. Histological analyses exhibited improved re-epithelialization and collagen fiber formation resulting in faster maturation of granulation tissue in group A compared to the other groups by day 14. Treatment with Artin-M gel significantly induced cell proliferation and increased volumetric density of fibroblasts at day 2 and 4 (p < 0.05). Neutrophil infiltration in group A was significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.05) at the same time points. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Artin-M may potentially favor wound healing on palatal mucosa lesions via recruitment of neutrophils and promotion of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jung Kim
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, R Humaita, 1680, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
- Department of Implantology, University of Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Scaf de Molon
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, R Humaita, 1680, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Camila da Silva
- Department of Dentistry II, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao-UFMA, São Luís, Maranhao, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Carlos Spolidório
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, R Humaita, 1680, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil.
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5
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Mishra A, Behura A, Mawatwal S, Kumar A, Naik L, Mohanty SS, Manna D, Dokania P, Mishra A, Patra SK, Dhiman R. Structure-function and application of plant lectins in disease biology and immunity. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110827. [PMID: 31542433 PMCID: PMC7115788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins with a high degree of stereospecificity to recognize various sugar structures and form reversible linkages upon interaction with glyco-conjugate complexes. These are abundantly found in plants, animals and many other species and are known to agglutinate various blood groups of erythrocytes. Further, due to the unique carbohydrate recognition property, lectins have been extensively used in many biological functions that make use of protein-carbohydrate recognition like detection, isolation and characterization of glycoconjugates, histochemistry of cells and tissues, tumor cell recognition and many more. In this review, we have summarized the immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins and their effects against diseases, including antimicrobial action. We found that many plant lectins mediate its microbicidal activity by triggering host immune responses that result in the release of several cytokines followed by activation of effector mechanism. Moreover, certain lectins also enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages during microbial infections. Lectins along with heat killed microbes can act as vaccine to provide long term protection from deadly microbes. Hence, lectin based therapy can be used as a better substitute to fight microbial diseases efficiently in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtar Mishra
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Assirbad Behura
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Shradha Mawatwal
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Lincoln Naik
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Subhashree Subhasmita Mohanty
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Debraj Manna
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Puja Dokania
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Samir K Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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Ruas LP, Genaro LM, Justo-Junior AS, Coser LO, de Castro LF, Trabasso P, Mamoni RL, Roque-Barreira MC, Blotta MHSL. Effect of ArtinM on Human Blood Cells During Infection With Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:867. [PMID: 29780375 PMCID: PMC5945982 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by fungi are prominent in our environment and can be potentially fatal. paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), caused by fungi of the Paracoccidioides genus, is the most frequent systemic mycosis in Brazil and the main cause of death among immunocompetent individuals. The antifungal therapy for PCM is usually effective but side effects and relapses are often reported. The latter could be avoided with alternative or complementary therapies aimed at boosting the immune response to combat this pathogen. Recent reports have pointed at the importance of an effective cellular immune response, with the participation of Th1 cells, in the resistance to and control of Paracoccidioides infection. The ArtinM lectin, extracted from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds, exhibits immunomodulatory activity against several intracellular pathogens, including Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, by promoting the development of a Th1 immune response. The aim of this work was to characterize the effect of ArtinM on peripheral blood cells of patients with PCM and on those of control individuals infected with fungal yeasts cells in vitro. Our results demonstrate that ArtinM activates human neutrophils in vitro, leading to an increase in cytokine production and CD54 expression. ArtinM activated P. brasiliensis-infected neutrophils from both healthy individuals and patients with PCM. This activation was not dependent on the dectin-1 receptor, because pre-incubation with laminarin, a dectin-1 receptor blocker, did not reverse the activated state of the cells. ArtinM also stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to secrete pro-inflammatory Th1-related cytokines, which are protective against Paracoccidioides infection. These data support the immunostimulatory action of ArtinM and encourage new studies using the lectin for the immunotherapy of PCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Ruas
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Livia M Genaro
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Amauri S Justo-Junior
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lilian O Coser
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lívia F de Castro
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Plinio Trabasso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ronei L Mamoni
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Basic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria-Heloisa S L Blotta
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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7
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Jandú JJB, Moraes Neto RN, Zagmignan A, de Sousa EM, Brelaz-de-Castro MCA, Dos Santos Correia MT, da Silva LCN. Targeting the Immune System with Plant Lectins to Combat Microbial Infections. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:671. [PMID: 29046636 PMCID: PMC5632806 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The arsenal of drugs available to treat infections caused by eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes has been declining exponentially due to antimicrobial resistance phenomenon, leading to an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Host-directed immunotherapy has been reported as an attractive option to treat microbial infections. It consists in the improvement of host defenses by increasing the expression of inflammatory mediators and/or controlling of inflammation-induced tissue injury. Although the in vitro antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of lectins have been extensively demonstrated, few studies have evaluated their in vivo effects on experimental models of infections. This review aims to highlight the experimental use of immunomodulatory plant lectins to improve the host immune response against microbial infections. Lectins have been used in vivo both prophylactically and therapeutically resulting in the increased survival of mice under microbial challenge. Other studies successfully demonstrated that lectins could be used in combination with parasite antigens in order to induce a more efficient immunization. Therefore, these plant lectins represent new candidates for management of microbial infections. Furthermore, immunotherapeutic studies have improved our knowledge about the mechanisms involved in host–pathogen interactions, and may also help in the discovery of new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannyson J B Jandú
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Adrielle Zagmignan
- Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M de Sousa
- Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luís C N da Silva
- Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Brazil
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8
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Jandú JJ, Costa MC, Santos JRA, Andrade FM, Magalhães TF, Silva MV, Castro MCAB, Coelho LCBB, Gomes AG, Paixão TA, Santos DA, Correia MTS. Treatment with pCramoll Alone and in Combination with Fluconazole Provides Therapeutic Benefits in C. gattii Infected Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:211. [PMID: 28596945 PMCID: PMC5442327 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is one of the main causative agents of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent individuals. Treatment of the infection is based on the use of antimycotics, however, the toxicity of these drugs and the increase of drug-resistant strains have driven the search for more effective and less toxic therapies for cryptococcosis. pCramoll are isolectins purified from seeds of Cratylia mollis, a native forage plant from Brazil, which has become a versatile tool for biomedical application. We evaluated the effect of pCramoll alone and in combination with fluconazole for the treatment of mice infected with C. gatti. pCramoll alone or in combination with fluconazole increased the survival, reduced the morbidity and improved mice behavior i.e., neuropsychiatric state, motor behavior, autonomic function, muscle tone and strength and reflex/sensory function. These results were associated with (i) decreased pulmonary and cerebral fungal burden and (ii) increased inflammatory infiltrate and modulatory of IFNγ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A cytokines in mice treated with pCramoll. Indeed, bone marrow-derived macrophages pulsed with pCramoll had increased ability to engulf C. gattii, with an enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and decrease of intracellular fungal proliferation. These findings point toward the use of pCramoll in combination with fluconazole as a viable, alternative therapy for cryptococcosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannyson J Jandú
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Marliete C Costa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda M Andrade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Thais F Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcia V Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Maria C A B Castro
- Núcleo de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de PernambucoVitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunogenética, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu MagalhãesRecife, Brazil
| | - Luanna C B B Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife, Brazil
| | - Aline G Gomes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria T S Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife, Brazil
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9
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Musthafa KS, Hmoteh J, Thamjarungwong B, Voravuthikunchai SP. Antifungal potential of eugenyl acetate against clinical isolates of Candida species. Microb Pathog 2016; 99:19-29. [PMID: 27452957 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated the efficiency of eugenyl acetate (EA), a phytochemical in clove essential oil, against clinical isolates of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of EA against Candida isolates were in the range between 0.1% and 0.4% (v/v). Spot assay further confirmed the susceptibility of Candida isolates to the compound upon treatment with respective 1 × MIC. Growth profile measured in time kill study evidence that the compound at 1 × MIC and 1/2 × MIC retarded the growth of Candida cells, divulging the fungicidal activity. Light microscopic observation demonstrated that upon treated with EA, rough cell morphology, cell damage, and fragmented patterns were observed in C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata. Furthermore, unusual morphological changes of the organism were observed in scanning electron microscopic study. Therefore, it is validated that the compound could cause cell damage resulting in the cell death of Candida clinical isolates. Eventually, the compound at sub-MIC (0.0125% v/v) significantly inhibited serum-induced germ tube formation by C. albicans. Eugenyl acetate inhibited biofilm forming ability of the organisms as well as reduced the adherence of Candida cells to HaCaT keratinocytes cells. In addition, upon treatment with EA, the phagocytic activity of macrophages was increased significantly against C. albicans (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated the potential of EA as a valuable phytochemical to fight against emerging Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadar Syed Musthafa
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science, and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Jutharat Hmoteh
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science, and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Thamjarungwong
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science, and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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10
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Ricci-Azevedo R, Oliveira AF, Conrado MCAV, Carvalho FC, Roque-Barreira MC. Neutrophils Contribute to the Protection Conferred by ArtinM against Intracellular Pathogens: A Study on Leishmania major. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004609. [PMID: 27058234 PMCID: PMC4825989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ArtinM, a D-mannose binding lectin from Artocarpus heterophyllus, has immunomodulatory activities through its interaction with N-glycans of immune cells, culminating with the establishment of T helper type 1 (Th1) immunity. This interaction protects mice against intracellular pathogens, including Leishmania major and Leishmania amazonensis. ArtinM induces neutrophils activation, which is known to account for both resistance to pathogens and host tissue injury. Although exacerbated inflammation was not observed in ArtinM-treated animals, assessment of neutrophil responses to ArtinM is required to envisage its possible application to design a novel immunomodulatory agent based on carbohydrate recognition. Herein, we focus on the mechanisms through which neutrophils contribute to ArtinM-induced protection against Leishmania, without exacerbating inflammation. For this purpose, human neutrophils treated with ArtinM and infected with Leishmania major were analyzed together with untreated and uninfected controls, based on their ability to eliminate the parasite, release cytokines, degranulate, produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and change life span. We demonstrate that ArtinM-stimulated neutrophils enhanced L. major clearance and at least duplicated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) release; otherwise, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) production was reduced by half. Furthermore, ROS production and cell degranulation were augmented. The life span of ArtinM-stimulated neutrophils decreased and they did not form NETs when infected with L. major. We postulate that the enhanced leishmanicidal ability of ArtinM-stimulated neutrophils is due to augmented release of inflammatory cytokines, ROS production, and cell degranulation, whereas host tissue integrity is favored by their shortened life span and the absence of NET formation. Our results reinforce the idea that ArtinM may be considered an appropriate molecular template for the construction of an efficient anti-infective agent. Vaccination is a successful way to eliminate infectious diseases. The generated antibodies neutralize the invading microbe and avoid the establishment of infection. Vaccines are efficient to prevent infections by pathogens living outside rather than inside the host`s cells. This occurs because protection against intracellular pathogens requires the engagement of T lymphocytes. The discovery of receptors on innate immunity cells opened new perspectives in trying manners to stimulate effective response against intracellular pathogens. Frequently the microbial sensing by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) besides triggering immediate defense also orchestrates adaptative immunity towards T-cell response. Therefore, TLR ligands started to be assayed in new anti-infective approaches. Our laboratory has been investigating the immunomodulation induced by lectins, which are ubiquitous sugar-binding proteins. Our primary model is ArtinM, from the seeds of jackfruit, a lectin that binds to TLR2 sugar chains on macrophages and dendritic cells and promotes production of cytokines that engages T lymphocytes in a process that culminate with elimination of intracellular pathogens. Concomitantly, ArtinM activates other immune cells, including neutrophils, which contributes to the pathogen elimination, but may also account for tissue damage. This last possibility led us to investigate the lectin effects on neutrophils deeply. We analyzed neutrophils treated with ArtinM and infected with Leishmania major. We concluded that the leishmanicidal ability of ArtinM-stimulated neutrophils was due to augmented release of inflammatory cytokines, ROS production, and cell degranulation. Otherwise, host tissue integrity is favored by shortened cells lifespan and absence of NET formation. This work reinforces the idea that ArtinM can be an appropriate molecular template for the construction of an efficient anti-infective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ricci-Azevedo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Aline Ferreira Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marina C. A. V. Conrado
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Caroline Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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11
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Santana SS, Gennari-Cardoso ML, Carvalho FC, Roque-Barreira MC, Santiago ADS, Alvim FC, Pirovani CP. Eutirucallin, a RIP-2 type lectin from the latex of Euphorbia tirucalli L. presents proinflammatory properties. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88422. [PMID: 24558388 PMCID: PMC3928152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that recognize and modulate physiological activities and have been used as a toll for detection and identification of biomolecules, and therapy of diseases. In this study we have isolated a lectin present in the latex of Euphorbia tirucalli, and named it Eutirucallin. The latex protein extract was subjected to ion exchange chromatography and showed two peaks with haemagglutinating activity. Polypeptides of 32 kDa protein extract strongly interacted with immobilized galactose (α-lactose > D-N-acetylgalactosamine). The Eutirucallin was obtained with a yield of 5.6% using the α-lactose column. The lectin domain has 32 kDa subunits and at least two of which are joined by disulfide bridges. The agglutinating capacity for human erythrocytes A(+), B(+) and O(+) is inhibited by D-galactose. The haemagglutinating activity of Eutirucallin was independent of Ca(2+) and maintained until the temperature of 55°C. Eutirucallin presented biological activities such as neutrophils recruitment and cytokine prodution by macrophages. The analysis of the trypsin-digested Eutirucallin by ms/ms in ESI-Q-TOFF resulted in nine peptides similar to type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (type-2 RIP). It's partial sequence showed a similarity of 67.4 - 83.1% for the lectin domain of type-2 RIP [Ricin and Abrin (83.1%), Viscumin, Ebulin, Pulchellin, Cinnamomin, Volkensin and type-2 RIP Iris hollandica]. Our data suggest that Eutirucallin is a new member of type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein and presents biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanzio Silva Santana
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - André da Silva Santiago
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Fátima Cerqueira Alvim
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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12
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Ruas LP, Carvalho FC, Roque-Barreira MC. ArtinM offers new perspectives in the development of antifungal therapy. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:218. [PMID: 22715337 PMCID: PMC3375580 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermally dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most frequent systemic mycosis that affects the rural populations in Latin America. Despite significant developments in antifungal chemotherapy, its efficacy remains limited since drug therapy is prolonged and associated with toxic side effects and relapses. In response to these challenges, it is now recognized that several aspects of antifungal immunity can be modulated to better deal with fungal infections. A common idea for halting fungal infections has been the need to activate a cell-based, pro-inflammatory Th1 immune response to improve the fungal elimination. ArtinM, a D-mannose binding lectin from Artocarpus heterophyllus, has the property of modulating immunity against several intracellular pathogens. Here, we review the immunomodulatory activity of ArtinM during experimental PCM in mice. Both prophylactic and therapeutic protocols of ArtinM administration promotes a Th1 immune response balanced by IL-10, which outstandingly reduces the fungal load in organs of the treated mice while maintaining a controlled inflammation at the site of infection. A carbohydrate recognition-based interaction of ArtinM with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) accounts for initiating the immunomodulatory effect of the lectin. The precise identification of the TLR2 N-glycan(s) targeted by ArtinM may support novel basis for the development of antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Ruas
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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