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Zhang L, Chai R, Tai Z, Miao F, Shi X, Chen Z, Zhu Q. Noval advance of histone modification in inflammatory skin diseases and related treatment methods. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1286776. [PMID: 38235133 PMCID: PMC10792063 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory skin diseases are a group of diseases caused by the disruption of skin tissue due to immune system disorders. Histone modification plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, encompassing a wide range of conditions, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lupus, systemic sclerosis, contact dermatitis, lichen planus, and alopecia areata. Analyzing histone modification as a significant epigenetic regulatory approach holds great promise for advancing our understanding and managing these complex disorders. Additionally, therapeutic interventions targeting histone modifications have emerged as promising strategies for effectively managing inflammatory skin disorders. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the diverse types of histone modification. We discuss the intricate association between histone modification and prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases. We also review current and potential therapeutic approaches that revolve around modulating histone modifications. Finally, we investigated the prospects of research on histone modifications in the context of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, paving the way for innovative therapeutic interventions and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Chai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengze Miao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhou HY, Luo Q, Sui H, Du XN, Zhao YJ, Liu L, Guan Q, Zhou Y, Wen QS, Shi Y, Sun Y, Lin HL, Wang DP. Recent advances in the involvement of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 258:109857. [PMID: 38043757 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typical systemic autoimmune disease that manifests as skin rash, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, and multiple organ lesions. Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, mainly affect the function and characteristics of cells through the regulation of gene transcription or translation. Increasing evidence indicates that there are a variety of complex epigenetic effects in patients with SLE, which interfere with the differentiation and function of T, and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, and enhance the expression of SLE-associated pathogenic genes. This paper summarizes our currently knowledge regarding pathogenesis of SLE, and introduces current advances in the epigenetic regulation of SLE from three aspects: immune function, inflammatory response, and lupus complications. We propose that epigenetic changes could be used as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Du
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang-Jianing Zhao
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing-Si Wen
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Li Lin
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Zeng S, Qiu Q, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Wang J, Li R, Xu S, Shi M, Wang C, Kuang Y, Lao M, Cai X, Liang L, Xu H. The suppression of Brd4 inhibits peripheral plasma cell differentiation and exhibits therapeutic potential for systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108498. [PMID: 34972067 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that control B cell terminal differentiation remain undefined. Here, we investigate the role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4) in regulating B cell differentiation and its therapeutic potential for B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We showed that Brd4 inhibitor PFI-1 suppressed plasmablast-mediated plasma cell differentiation in healthy human CD19+ B cells. PFI-1 reduced IgG and IgM secretion in costimulation-induced human B cells. We also observed a reduced percentage of plasma cells in mice with B cell-specific deletion of the Brd4 gene (Brd4flox/floxCD19-cre+). Mechanistically, using the luciferase reporter assay and the chromatin immunoprecipitation, we explored that Brd4 regulates the expression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1), an important transcript factor that is involved in modulation of plasma cell differentiation. Interestingly, PFI-1 decreased the percentages of plasmablasts and plasma cells from patients with SLE. PFI-1 administration reduced the percentages of plasma cells, hypergammaglobulinemia, and attenuated nephritis in MRL/lpr lupus mice. Pristane-injected Brd4flox/floxCD19-cre+ mice exhibited improved nephritis and reduced percentages of plasma cells. These findings suggest an essential factor of Brd4 in regulating plasma cell differentiation. Brd4 inhibition may be a potential strategy for the treatment of B cell-associated autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiru Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Maohua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minxi Lao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Lu X, Zhang H, Wang M, Qu F, Li J, Li R, Yan X. Novel insights into the role of BRD4 in fine particulate matter induced airway hyperresponsiveness. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112440. [PMID: 34175826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological research has identified that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can increase airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) which is considered a typical characteristic of asthma. Although the effect of PM2.5 on AHR has been elucidated to a certain degree, its exact mechanism remains unclear. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is recognized as a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family, with the ability to maintain higher-order chromatin configuration and regulate gene expression programs. The primary objective of our study was to examine the role of BRD4 in AHR triggered by PM2.5, and to elucidate its possible molecular mechanism. A mouse model with AHR was established using a nose-only PM2.5 exposure system. We observed that PM2.5 enhanced AHR in the experimental group compared to the control group, and this alteration was accompanied by increased lung inflammation and BRD4 expression in bronchi-lung tissue. However, the BRD4 inhibitor (ZL0420) could alleviate the aforementioned alterations in the mouse model with PM2.5 exposure. To explore the exact molecular mechanism, we further examined the role of BRD4 in human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs) after exposure to PM2.5 DMSO extracts. We found that PM2.5 DMSO extracts, which promoted the contraction and migration of hASMCs, was accompanied by an increase in the levels of BRD4, kallikrein 14 (KLK14), bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R), matrix metalloproteinases2(MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinases9(MMP-9), vimentin and bradykinin (BK) secretion, while ZL0420 and BRD4 gene silencing could reverse this response. In summary, these results demonstrate that BRD4 is an important player in AHR triggered by PM2.5, and BRD4 inhibition can ameliorate AHR induced by PM2.5. In addition, PM2.5 DMSO extracts can promote the contraction and migration of hASMCs by increasing BRD4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Biopharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fangfang Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China.
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Roszkowski L, Ciechomska M. Tuning Monocytes and Macrophages for Personalized Therapy and Diagnostic Challenge in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081860. [PMID: 34440629 PMCID: PMC8392289 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes/macrophages play a central role in chronic inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Activation of these cells results in the production of various mediators responsible for inflammation and RA pathogenesis. On the other hand, the depletion of macrophages using specific antibodies or chemical agents can prevent their synovial tissue infiltration and subsequently attenuates inflammation. Their plasticity is a major feature that helps the switch from a pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1) to an anti-inflammatory state (M2). Therefore, understanding the precise strategy targeting pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages should be a powerful way of inhibiting chronic inflammation and bone erosion. In this review, we demonstrate potential consequences of different epigenetic regulations on inflammatory cytokines production by monocytes. In addition, we present unique profiles of monocytes/macrophages contributing to identification of new biomarkers of disease activity or predicting treatment response in RA. We also outline novel approaches of tuning monocytes/macrophages by biologic drugs, small molecules or by other therapeutic modalities to reduce arthritis. Finally, the importance of cellular heterogeneity of monocytes/macrophages is highlighted by single-cell technologies, which leads to the design of cell-specific therapeutic protocols for personalized medicine in RA in the future.
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Wang N, Wu R, Tang D, Kang R. The BET family in immunity and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:23. [PMID: 33462181 PMCID: PMC7813845 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity serves as the rapid and first-line defense against invading pathogens, and this process can be regulated at various levels, including epigenetic mechanisms. The bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family of proteins consists of four conserved mammalian members (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT) that regulate the expression of many immunity-associated genes and pathways. In particular, in response to infection and sterile inflammation, abnormally expressed or dysfunctional BETs are involved in the activation of pattern recognition receptor (e.g., TLR, NLR, and CGAS) pathways, thereby linking chromatin machinery to innate immunity under disease or pathological conditions. Mechanistically, the BET family controls the transcription of a wide range of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory genes by recognizing acetylated histones (mainly H3 and H4) and recruiting transcription factors (e.g., RELA) and transcription elongation complex (e.g., P-TEFb) to the chromatin, thereby promoting the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and subsequent transcription initiation and elongation. This review covers the accumulating data about the roles of the BET family in innate immunity, and discusses the attractive prospect of manipulating the BET family as a new treatment for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Runliu Wu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Liu Y, Huang ZZ, Min L, Li ZF, Chen K. The BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 protects against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice by suppressing NF-κB activation. Histol Histopathol 2020; 36:101-112. [PMID: 33215396 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 on mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) via NF-κB. METHODS COPD models constructed by exposure to cigarette smoke and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in mice were treated with JQ1 (15, 25 or 50 mg/kg). HE staining was performed to observe histopathological changes in the lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure the levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9, MDA, SOD, T-AOC and HO-1, and gelatin zymography assays were used to examine MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. A TransAMTM NF-κB p65 detection kit was used to test NF-κB p65/DNA binding activity. Western blotting was conducted to analyze NF-κB p65 in the nucleus and its acetylation. RESULTS JQ1 dose-dependently improved the histopathological changes in the lung tissues and decreased the mean linear intercept (MLI), destructive index and inflammatory score of the mice with COPD. The mice with COPD showed increased levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α with decreased IL-10 level; these changes were reversed by JQ1 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, JQ1 reduced the MDA level and increased the SOD, HO-1 and T-AOC levels in mice with COPD, with suppression of NF-κB p65 expression in the nucleus, NF-κB/p65 (Lys310) acetylation and NF-κB p65/DNA binding activity in the lung tissues. CONCLUSION The BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 can downregulate MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, reduce inflammatory responses, and alleviate oxidative stress in mice with COPD, and this mechanism might be related to the inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Zhen Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
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Kong IY, Rimes JS, Light A, Todorovski I, Jones S, Morand E, Knight DA, Bergman YE, Hogg SJ, Falk H, Monahan BJ, Stupple PA, Street IP, Heinzel S, Bouillet P, Johnstone RW, Hodgkin PD, Vervoort SJ, Hawkins ED. Temporal Analysis of Brd4 Displacement in the Control of B Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108290. [PMID: 33086063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
JQ1 is a BET-bromodomain inhibitor that has immunomodulatory effects. However, the precise molecular mechanism that JQ1 targets to elicit changes in antibody production is not understood. Our results show that JQ1 induces apoptosis, reduces cell proliferation, and as a consequence, inhibits antibody-secreting cell differentiation. ChIP-sequencing reveals a selective displacement of Brd4 in response to acute JQ1 treatment (<2 h), resulting in specific transcriptional repression. After 8 h, subsequent alterations in gene expression arise as a result of the global loss of Brd4 occupancy. We demonstrate that apoptosis induced by JQ1 is solely attributed to the pro-apoptotic protein Bim (Bcl2l11). Conversely, cell-cycle regulation by JQ1 is associated with multiple Myc-associated gene targets. Our results demonstrate that JQ1 drives temporal changes in Brd4 displacement that results in a specific transcriptional profile that directly affects B cell survival and proliferation to modulate the humoral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Y Kong
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joel S Rimes
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda Light
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Izabela Todorovski
- Cancer Therapeutics and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Jones
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Eric Morand
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Deborah A Knight
- Cancer Therapeutics and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ylva E Bergman
- Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx), Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Simon J Hogg
- Cancer Therapeutics and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hendrik Falk
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx), Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Brendon J Monahan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx), Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Paul A Stupple
- Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx), Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ian P Street
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx), Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Susanne Heinzel
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Philippe Bouillet
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- Cancer Therapeutics and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Stephin J Vervoort
- Cancer Therapeutics and Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Colli ML, Szymczak F, Eizirik DL. Molecular Footprints of the Immune Assault on Pancreatic Beta Cells in Type 1 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568446. [PMID: 33042023 PMCID: PMC7522353 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease caused by the selective destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells by infiltrating immune cells. We presently evaluated the transcriptomic signature observed in beta cells in early T1D and compared it with the signatures observed following in vitro exposure of human islets to inflammatory or metabolic stresses, with the aim of identifying "footprints" of the immune assault in the target beta cells. We detected similarities between the beta cell signatures induced by cytokines present at different moments of the disease, i.e., interferon-α (early disease) and interleukin-1β plus interferon-γ (later stages) and the beta cells from T1D patients, identifying biological process and signaling pathways activated during early and late stages of the disease. Among the first responses triggered on beta cells was an enrichment in antiviral responses, pattern recognition receptors activation, protein modification and MHC class I antigen presentation. During putative later stages of insulitis the processes were dominated by T-cell recruitment and activation and attempts of beta cells to defend themselves through the activation of anti-inflammatory pathways (i.e., IL10, IL4/13) and immune check-point proteins (i.e., PDL1 and HLA-E). Finally, we mined the beta cell signature in islets from T1D patients using the Connectivity Map, a large database of chemical compounds/drugs, and identified interesting candidates to potentially revert the effects of insulitis on beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel L. Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Maikel L. Colli
| | - Florian Szymczak
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Decio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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10
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Klein K. Bromodomain protein inhibition: a novel therapeutic strategy in rheumatic diseases. RMD Open 2018; 4:e000744. [PMID: 30564450 PMCID: PMC6269638 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reading of acetylation marks on histones by bromodomain (BRD) proteins is a key event in transcriptional activation. Small molecule inhibitors targeting bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins compete for binding to acetylated histones. They have strong anti-inflammatory properties and exhibit encouraging effects in different cell types in vitro and in animal models resembling rheumatic diseases in vivo. Furthermore, recent studies that focus on BRD proteins beyond BET family members are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Klein
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Tsokos GC, Lo MS, Costa Reis P, Sullivan KE. New insights into the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 12:716-730. [PMID: 27872476 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 762] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aetiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is multifactorial, and includes contributions from the environment, stochastic factors, and genetic susceptibility. Great gains have been made in understanding SLE through the use of genetic variant identification, mouse models, gene expression studies, and epigenetic analyses. Collectively, these studies support the concept that defective clearance of immune complexes and biological waste (such as apoptotic cells), neutrophil extracellular traps, nucleic acid sensing, lymphocyte signalling, and interferon production pathways are all central to loss of tolerance and tissue damage. Increased understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE is driving a renewed interest in targeted therapy, and researchers are now on the verge of developing targeted immunotherapy directed at treating either specific organ system involvement or specific subsets of patients with SLE. Accordingly, this Review places these insights within the context of our current understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE and highlights pathways that are ripe for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Mindy S Lo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Patricia Costa Reis
- Department of Pediatrics, Lisbon Medical School, Lisbon University, Santa Maria Hospital, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Ackloo S, Brown PJ, Müller S. Chemical probes targeting epigenetic proteins: Applications beyond oncology. Epigenetics 2017; 12:378-400. [PMID: 28080202 PMCID: PMC5453191 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1279371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic chemical probes are potent, cell-active, small molecule inhibitors or antagonists of specific domains in a protein; they have been indispensable for studying bromodomains and protein methyltransferases. The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), comprising scientists from academic and pharmaceutical laboratories, has generated most of the current epigenetic chemical probes. Moreover, the SGC has shared about 4 thousand aliquots of these probes, which have been used primarily for phenotypic profiling or to validate targets in cell lines or primary patient samples cultured in vitro. Epigenetic chemical probes have been critical tools in oncology research and have uncovered mechanistic insights into well-established targets, as well as identify new therapeutic starting points. Indeed, the literature primarily links epigenetic proteins to oncology, but applications in inflammation, viral, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases are now being reported. We summarize the literature of these emerging applications and provide examples where existing probes might be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ackloo
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 15, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Angiolilli C, Baeten DL, Radstake TR, Reedquist KA. The acetyl code in rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Epigenomics 2017; 9:447-461. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the idea that aberrancies in epigenetic processes contribute to the onset and progression of human immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Epigenetic regulators of histone tail modifications play a role in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional responses to inflammatory stimuli. Among these, histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate the acetylation status of histones and nonhistone proteins, essential for immune responses. Broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors are well-known anti-inflammatory agents and reduce disease severity in animal models of arthritis; however, selective HDAC inhibitors remain poorly studied. In this review, we describe emerging findings regarding the aberrant acetyl code in RA and other rheumatic disorders which may help identify not only novel diagnostic and prognostic clinical biomarkers for RA, but also new targets for epigenetic pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Angiolilli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique L Baeten
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kris A Reedquist
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology & Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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