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Song Y, Yang P, Guo W, Lu P, Huang C, Cai Z, Jiang X, Yang G, Du Y, Zhao F. Supramolecular Hydrogel Dexamethasone-Diclofenac for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:645. [PMID: 38607179 PMCID: PMC11013297 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) severely affects patients' quality of life and is commonly treated with glucocorticosteroids injections, like dexamethasone, which may have side effects. This study aimed to create a novel low dose of twin-drug hydrogel containing dexamethasone and diclofenac and explore its potential as a drug delivery system for an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect. Its characterization involved rheology, transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the hydrogel demonstrated thixotropic properties. The hydrogel exhibited no cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the hydrogel demonstrated a significant anti-inflammatory efficacy by effectively downregulating the levels of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The co-delivery approach, when intra-articularly injected in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats, significantly alleviated chronic inflammation leading to reduced synovitis, delayed bone erosion onset, and the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines. The biocompatibility and adverse effect evaluation indicated good biological safety. Furthermore, the hydrogel demonstrated efficacy in reducing NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and inhibited p-NF-kB, COX-2, and iNOS expression both in RAW 264.7 macrophages and the joints of AIA rats. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the hydrogel possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity, which effectively addresses the limitations associated with free forms. It presents a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
- Yantai Center for Food and Drug Control, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Pufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Panpan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Congying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Zhiruo Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gangqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Yuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.S.); (P.Y.); (W.G.); (P.L.); (C.H.); (Z.C.); (X.J.); (G.Y.)
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Sun X, Liang Y, Wang Y, Sun C, Wang X. Bisdemethoxycurcumin, a curcumin derivative, ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis by suppressing inflammatory reactions and macrophage migration. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110822. [PMID: 38056805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent and chronic inflammatory synovial joint disease manifested by hyperplasia and continuous inflammation. Curcumin (Cur) has been studied for alleviating RA. However, poor stability and oral bioavailability restrict its therapeutic value. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a curcumin (Cur) derivative, exerts better stability and oral bioavailability than Cur. However, the efficacy of BDMC on RA has not been fully clarified. The aim of the study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BDMC on RA. The in-vivo anti-arthritic activity of BDMC was determined via adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model. Paw swelling, body weight, arthritic index, and histopathological assessments were performed. RAW264.7 cell was stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in vitro. The cell viability were determined by CCK8 assay, while the migration ability was determined using cell wound healing and transwell assays. Furthermore, in-vivo and in-vitro levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) were assayed by ELISA, and that of IκBα, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, and COX-2 were assessed via Western blot or immunofluorescence. In AIA rat model, it suggested a higher anti-arthritic activity of BDMC than Cur, including amelioration of swelling in hind paws, reduced arthritic index, and alleviated histopathological injury in rats. Furthermore, BDMC also substantially decreased the levels of the aforementioned pro-inflammatory cytokines in both in-vivo and in-vitro, inhibited the IκBα degradation, down-regulated the COX-2 levels and p-NF-κB/NF-κB ratio in AIA rats and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, BDMC showed an inhibitory effect on the migration of LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. BDMC could effectively ameliorate RA by suppressing inflammatory reactions and inhibiting macrophage migration, more potentially than Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanfen Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianbin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China.
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Johnston EJ, Tallis J, Cunningham-Oakes E, Moses T, Moore SJ, Hosking S, Rosser SJ. Yeast lacking the sterol C-5 desaturase Erg3 are tolerant to the anti-inflammatory triterpenoid saponin escin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13617. [PMID: 37604855 PMCID: PMC10442444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Escin is a mixture of over 30 glycosylated triterpenoid (saponin) structures, extracted from the dried fruit of horse chestnuts. Escin is currently used as an anti-inflammatory, and has potential applications in the treatment of arthritis and cancer. Engineered yeast would enable production of specific bioactive components of escin at industrial scale, however many saponins have been shown to be toxic to yeast. Here we report that a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain specifically lacking the sterol C-5 desaturase gene ERG3, exhibits striking enhanced tolerance to escin treatment. Transcriptome analyses, as well as pre-mixing of escin with sterols, support the hypothesis that escin interacts directly with ergosterol, but not as strongly with the altered sterols present in erg3Δ. A diverse range of saponins are of commercial interest, and this research highlights the value of screening lipidome mutants to identify appropriate hosts for engineering the industrial production of saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Johnston
- Centre for Engineering Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BD, UK.
| | - Jess Tallis
- Centre for Engineering Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BD, UK
| | - Edward Cunningham-Oakes
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Tessa Moses
- EdinOmics, RRID:SCR_021838, University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Simon J Moore
- Genetic Science Division, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 7 Kingsland Grange, Warrington, Cheshire, WA1 4SR, UK
| | - Sarah Hosking
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Susan J Rosser
- Centre for Engineering Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BD, UK.
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Li M, Wang S, Zhang C, Chi C, Liu R, Wang T, Fu F. Escin alleviates stress-induced intestinal dysfunction to protect brain injury by regulating the gut-brain axis in ischemic stroke rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109659. [PMID: 36608442 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of HPA axis results in intestinal dysfunction, which may play a role in brain injury caused by ischemic stroke (IS). Escin shows a neuroprotective effect but it may not penetrate blood brain barrier (BBB). Previous work in our laboratory showed that escin ameliorated intestinal injury in animals. The aim of this study is to investigate whether escin attenuates brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats, to mimic IS. MCAO rats and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cells were used to evaluate the effects of escin in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that escin could not penetrate BBB but reduced brain infarct volume, improved neurological function, inhibited neuroinflammation, ameliorated intestinal dysfunction and tissue integrity by increasing the expression of the tight junction protein in vivo and in vitro. Escin reduced the increased corticosterone and endotoxin level in blood of MCAO rats, regulated GR/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in ileal tissue and LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in ischemic brain tissue. These findings suggest that escin could attenuate ischemic brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction, and it may be a promising way to protect brain injury by protecting intestine, instead of targeting the brain directly after IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Chenglin Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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Hazman Ö, Bozkurt MF, Kumral ZB, Savrik M, Sindarov B, Bhaya MN, Büyükben A. The effects of β-escin on inflammation, oxidative stress and Langerhans islet cells in high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection induced experimental type-2 diabetes model. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Escin suppresses immune cell infiltration and selectively modulates Nrf2/HO-1, TNF-α/JNK, and IL-22/STAT3 signaling pathways in concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2317-2329. [PMID: 36063304 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of escin, the active constituent of a natural mixture of triterpene saponin glycoside, against immune-mediated hepatitis driven by concanavalin A (Con A) and to elucidate its possible underlying mechanisms. Adult male mice were administered Con A (15 mg/kg, intravenously) for 8 h. In the treated groups, mice were pretreated with escin daily (10 mg/kg in CMC, orally) for 4 days before Con A intoxication. In addition, escin was administered in a group to examine its effect on normal mice. Our results showed that escin inhibited Con A-induced elevation in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and LDH) and curbed the Con A-induced hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis together with abrogating the death pathway, JNK. Coincidentally, escin has shown a reduction in neutrophil, CD4+ T cell, and monocyte infiltration into the liver. In addition, escin modulated the cellular oxidant status by compensating for the Con A-depleted expression of the transcription factor Nrf2 and the stress protein hemeoxygenase-1. These effects were in good agreement with the restraining effect of escin on Con A-instigated overexpression of NF-κB and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A. Interestingly, Con A provoked the cellular protective pathway IL-22/STAT3, which was revoked by the escin pretreatment. In conclusion, escin shows extended antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, and anti-apoptotic effects against Con A-induced immune-mediated hepatitis. These effects may collectively be via suppressing immune cell infiltration into the liver and selective modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, TNF-α/NF-κB, TNF-α/JNK, and IL-22/STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Aescin Protects against Experimental Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Preserves Prostate Histomorphology in Rats via Suppression of Inflammatory Cytokines and COX-2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020130. [PMID: 35215244 PMCID: PMC8880638 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urogenital condition in aging males, while inflammation and tissue proliferation constitute the main pathophysiological factors. The adverse effects of currently available BPH medications limit patient compliance. We tested the protective effect of aescin against the development of BPH in rats. Methods: A total of 18 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control (sesame oil 1 mL/kg, s.c.); BPH (testosterone oenanthate 3 mg/kg, s.c., in sesame oil), and BPH-aescin rats (testosterone oenanthate 3 mg/kg, s.c. + aescin 10 mg/kg/day, p.o.). All treatments continued for 4 weeks. Serum and prostatic samples were harvested for biochemical and histopathological examination. Results: Induction of BPH by testosterone increased the prostate weight and prostate weight index, serum testosterone, prostate expression of inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2), and proliferative markers (PCNA and TGF-β1). Concurrent treatment with aescin decreased the testosterone-induced increase in prostatic IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 expression by 47.9%, 71.2%, and 64.4%, respectively. Moreover, aescin reduced the prostatic proliferation markers TGF-β1 and PCNA by 58.3% and 71.9%, respectively, and normalized the prostate weight. Conclusion: The results of this study showed, for the first time, that aescin protected against the development of experimental BPH in rats via its anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. These findings warrant further studies to clinically repurpose aescin in the management of BPH.
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Li J, Zhang Z, Huang X. Tripterine and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) - loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for synergistic anti-arthritic therapy against inflammatory arthritis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:576-586. [PMID: 34396850 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1964983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Arthritis of joints remains a hard-to-treat disease due to the low drug exposure to the articular cavity. Present study was intended to develop a Tripterine (TRI) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (ATLP) for enhanced antiarthritic efficacy in arthritis conditions. We have showed that two drugs could be loaded with high loading capacity and control the release kinetics in a pH-responsive manner. The ATLP showed strong inhibitory effects on the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells at the in vitro conditions. Compared to individual drugs (TRI and ATRA), ATLP significantly reduced the paw thickness exhibiting potent inhibition of inflammation. Consistently, ATLP resulted in lowest clinical score compared to that of individual drug indicating the remarkable improvement in the recession of inflammation. We have clearly demonstrated that the nanoparticulate based co-delivery of drugs could abolish the adverse effects of free drug as indicated by the body weight changes. Importantly, ATLP resulted in significant reduction of mRNA of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-ϒ and IL-17 compared to either free drugs or CIA mice. Overall, ATLP represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of arthritis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Li
- The Third Department of Knee Injury, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Huang
- The Third Department of Knee Injury, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, China
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Patel R, Kadri S, Gohil P, Deshpande S, Shah G. Amelioration of complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis by Calotropis procera latex in rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00361-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common cause of disability, affecting 0.3–1% of the adult population worldwide. The latex of Calotropis procera possesses potent anti-inflammatory as well as analgesic properties. In light above facts, the present study was designed to evaluate anti-arthritic activity of Calotropis procera latex in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in Wistar albino rats. Complete Freund's adjuvant was injected into the left hind paw on day 0, and treatment of prednisolone and Calotropis procera latex was given from day 0 to 28. Various biochemical, hematological and functional parameters as well as radiological and histopathological changes of joint along with body weight and paw volume were measured.
Results
Calotropis procera treatment significantly lowered paw volume in CFA-induced arthritic rats. Significant improvement was observed in functional, biochemical and hematological parameters in Calotropis procera-treated rats. However, the body weight remained unaffected. Histological and radiographical examination of synovial joints in Calotropis procera-treated animals exhibited less synovial hyperplasia, infiltration and accumulation of inflammatory cell in synovial fluid, cartilage and bone erosion and joint space narrowing.
Conclusion
Calotropis procera latex possesses anti-arthritic activity, which is facilitated by modulation in the level of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. The improvement in hematological as well as biochemical parameters might be reflected on functional, histopathological, radiological changes and thereby disease progression.
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Graceffa G, Vieni S, Mannino V, Gennari V, Genova P, Cipolla C. Effectiveness of early administration of a single dose of steroids and escin after loss of signal on electromyographic signal recovery during neuromonitored thyroidectomy. Am J Surg 2021; 223:923-926. [PMID: 34663501 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single early administration of dexamethasone and escin after loss of signal (LOS) during a neuromonitored total thyroidectomy. METHODS A retrospective analysis of results concerning consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy was performed. Patients included in the study were divided into two groups: Group 1 for which a "wait and see" strategy was used; Group 2, receiving dexamethasone and escin immediately after LOS detection. RESULTS Overall 37 patients were included in Group 1 and 35 in Group 2. LOS recovery occurring in 29.7% of cases (n. 11) versus 65.7% (n. 23) respectively (p < 0.001). Postoperative fibrolayngoscopy for patients without LOS recovery showed normal cord function in 4 out of 26 cases (15.4%) in Group 1 and in 7 out of 12 (58.3%) in Group 2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The early administration of dexamethasone and escin after LOS detection may achieve greater EMG signal recovery than a "wait and see" strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Graceffa
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Vieni
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Mannino
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Gennari
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Genova
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Cipolla
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
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Tian C, Chang Y, Wang R, Kang Z, Wang Q, Tong Z, Zhou A, Cui C, Liu M. Optimization of ultrasound extraction of Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins and their HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS n profiling, anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114225. [PMID: 34038799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tribulus terrestris L., as an annual herb plant from Zygophyllaceae, exhibits many biological activities, and its main chemical constituents are saponins. However, the extraction process, chemical compositions, anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study extensively evaluated the extraction process, major components, anti-inflammatory action and mechanism of Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ultrasonic extraction and response surface methods were adopted for optimization of extraction technology of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves, and its compositions were detected with LC-MSn method. The anti-inflammatory activity of total saponins was studied by lipopolysaccharide induced RAW 264.7 cells and acute lung injury mice models. RESULTS The ultrasonic extraction parameters of saponins fraction, including ethanol concentration 30%, extraction time 55 min, ratio of solvent to material 35:1 ml/g and extraction temperature 46 °C, were screened by response surface method with the extracting rate 5.49%, and thirty compositions were detected with LC-MSn method. Moreover, saponins fraction can play a stronger anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the phagocytic activity and pulmonary edema, and protection of morphology of RAW 264.7 cells and lung tissues, and decreasing the content of NO and TNF-α. Moreover, it was revealed that total saponins extract can exert the anti-inflammatory action by the inhibition of the activation of the TLR4-TRAF6-NF-κB signalling pathway. CONCLUSION These studies imply that Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins may be an important anti-inflammatory drug in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, 264005, Yantai Shangdong Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiruo Kang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Aohua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Cancan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China.
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12
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Comparison of individual and combination treatments with naproxen, prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine to treat Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1719-1731. [PMID: 34550498 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of anti-arthritic drugs (naproxen, prednisolone, and hydroxychloroquine) alone and in combination. The in vitro anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by stabilization of human erythrocytes (HRBCs) membrane assays. In vivo activity was carried out using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic model in Wistar rat. Individual and combination drugs were administered for 21 days in rats 8 days post inoculation with CFA (0.15 ml injected in right hind paw). Body weight and paw edema were measured at different intervals. Combination treatments exhibited more HRBC stabilization than individual treatments. All individual and combination treatments reduced the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), liver function enzymes, malondialdehyde, white blood cells and platelets, with the most pronounced activity exhibited by the combination of three drugs. The level of oxidative stress biomarkers (reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase), red blood cells, and hemoglobin were notably increased in all treatment groups in contrasts to diseased control rats. Histopathological evaluation of the paw showed that all the treatments had reduced (p < 0.05-0.001) the arthritic indices in contrasts to diseased control rats. The serum concentrations of TNF-α and PGE2 were provoked in diseased control rats but had been notably (p < 0.0001) restored by treatments with individual and combination drugs. It was also found that combination treatments, more precisely triple drug was remarkably effective in treating arthritis. It can be concluded that naproxen, prednisolone, and hydroxychloroquine effectively ameliorated the CFA-induced arthritis and were more effective in combination as compared to individual drug therapy probably due to reduction in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Moreover, two lower doses (half NPH/2 and one-third NPH/3) of triple combination therapy naproxen, prednisolone, and hydroxychloroquine (NPH) showed no significant difference in anti-arthritic effect as compared to the highest dose level of NPH.
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13
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Ali FEM, Ahmed SF, Eltrawy AH, Yousef RS, Ali HS, Mahmoud AR, Abd-Elhamid TH. Pretreatment with Coenzyme Q10 Combined with Aescin Protects against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 210:195-217. [PMID: 34280918 DOI: 10.1159/000516192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical condition characterized by severe inflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and aescin (AES) are well-known for their anti-inflammatory activities. However, their effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury have not been explored yet. Here, we asked whether combined pretreatment with CoQ10 and AES synergistically prevents LPS-induced lung injury. Fifty male rats were randomized into 5 groups: (1) control; (2) LPS-treated, rats received a single i.p. injection of LPS (8 mg/kg); (3) CoQ10-pretreated, (4) AES-pretreated, or (5) combined-pretreated; animals received CoQ10 (100 mg/kg), AES (5 mg/kg), or both orally for 7 days before LPS injection. Combined CoQ10 and AES pretreatment significantly reduced lung injury markers; 52.42% reduction in serum C-reactive protein (CRP), 53.69% in alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and 60.26% in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities versus 44.58, 37.38, and 48.6% in CoQ10 and 33.81, 34.43, and 39.29% in AES-pretreated groups, respectively. Meanwhile, combination therapy significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expressions compared to monotherapy (p < 0.05). Additionally, combination therapy prevented LPS-induced histological and mitochondrial abnormalities greater than separate drugs. Western blotting indicated that combination therapy significantly suppressed nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors-3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome compared to separate drugs (p < 0.05). Further, combination therapy significantly decreased the expression of signaling cascades, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-p65, and extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) versus monotherapy (p < 0.05). Interestingly, combined pretreatment significantly downregulated high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) by 72.93%, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by -0.93-fold versus 61.92%, -0.83-fold in CoQ10 and 38.67%, -0.70-fold in AES pretreatment, respectively. Our results showed for the first time that the enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of combined CoQ10 and AES pretreatment prevented LPS-induced ALI via suppression of NLRP-3 inflammasome through regulation of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway and mitochondrial stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Salwa F Ahmed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amira H Eltrawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Reda S Yousef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Howaida S Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany R Mahmoud
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek H Abd-Elhamid
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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14
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Dhote V, Dangi U, Mandloi AS, Soni M, Shukla DN, Kawadkar M, Ganeshpurkar A. Preferential cyclooxygenase inhibition by Jasminum sambac: A possible relationship with potent anti-arthritic activity. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:217-227. [PMID: 34012868 PMCID: PMC8116718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional claim validation. Molecular target identification. In-vitro estimation. In-vivo anti-arthritic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Dhote
- Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
| | - Uma Dangi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Maneesh Soni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
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15
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Zhang L, Li X, Ying T, Wang T, Fu F. The Use of Herbal Medicines for the Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:744647. [PMID: 34867788 PMCID: PMC8633877 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.744647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are drugs that are widely used to suppress inflammation and the activation of the immune system. However, the prolonged use or at high doses of glucocorticoid can result in adverse side effects including osteoporosis, bone loss, and an increased risk of fracture. A number of compounds derived from natural plant sources have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activity by interacting with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), likely owing to their chemical similarity to glucocorticoids, or by regulating GR, without a concomitant risk of treatment-related side effects such as osteoporosis. Other herbal compounds can counteract the pathogenic processes underlying glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) by regulating homeostatic bone metabolic processes. Herein, we systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases to identify articles discussing such compounds published as of May 01, 2021. Compounds reported to exert anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid-like activity without inducing GIOP include escin, ginsenosides, and glycyrrhizic acid, while compounds reported to alleviate GIOP by improving osteoblast function or modulating steroid hormone synthesis include tanshinol and icariin.
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16
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Yang Y, Wang L, Yuan M, Yu Q, Fu F. Anti-Inflammatory and Gastroprotective Effects of Escin. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20982111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Escin is a triterpenoid saponin extracted from the fruit of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. and Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae). Clinically, it is widely used in the treatment of edema induced by either trauma or surgery, as well as treating chronic venous insufficiency. The anti-inflammatory and antiedema effects of escin have been extensively investigated. This article systematically reviews the effects of escin on inflammation and gastrointestinal diseases, including its role in inflammation, as an antioxidant, and in inhibiting gastric acid secretion and promoting gastrointestinal movement, especially, the molecular mechanism. The advantages and potential uses of escin have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Fenghua Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, P. R. China
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17
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Effect of Cholesterol and Ibuprofen on DMPC-β-Aescin Bicelles: A Temperature-Dependent Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
β -aescin is a versatile biosurfactant extracted from the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum with anti-cancer potential and is commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this article, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) is used in order to study the modifications of the structural parameters at the molecular scale of lipid bilayers in the form of bicelles composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and the triterpenoid saponin β -aescin. In particular, the impact on the cooperative phase transition and the structural parameters of the DMPC bilayers at different compositions and temperatures is of special interest. Moreover, we show how cholesterol and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen modulate the structural parameters of the β -aescin-DMPC assemblies on a molecular scale. Ibuprofen and cholesterol interact with different parts of the bilayer, namely the head-region in the former and the tail-region in the latter case allowing for specific molecular packing and phase formation in the binary and ternary mixtures.
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18
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Geisler R, Dargel C, Hellweg T. The Biosurfactant β-Aescin: A Review on the Physico-Chemical Properties and Its Interaction with Lipid Model Membranes and Langmuir Monolayers. Molecules 2019; 25:E117. [PMID: 31892278 PMCID: PMC6983251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses recent progress in physicochemical understanding of the action of the saponin β -aescin (also called β -escin), the biologically active component in the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum. β -Aescin is used in pharmacological and cosmetic applications showing strong surface activity. In this review, we outline the most important findings describing the behavior of β -aescin in solution (e.g., critical micelle concentration ( c m c ) and micelle shape) and special physicochemical properties of adsorbed β -aescin monolayers at the air-water and oil-water interface. Such monolayers were found to posses very special viscoelastic properties. The presentation of the experimental findings is complemented by discussing recent molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations do not only quantify the predominant interactions in adsorbed monolayers but also highlight the different behavior of neutral and ionized β -aescin molecules. The review concludes on the interaction of β -aescin with phospholipid model membranes in the form of bilayers and Langmuir monolayers. The interaction of β -aescin with lipid bilayers was found to strongly depend on its c m c . At concentrations below the c m c , membrane parameters are modified whereas above the c m c , complete solubilization of the bilayers occurs, depending on lipid phase state and concentration. In the presence of gel-phase phospholipids, discoidal bicelles form; these are tunable in size by composition. The phase behavior of β -aescin with lipid membranes can also be modified by addition of other molecules such as cholesterol or drug molecules. The lipid phase state also determines the penetration rate of β -aescin molecules into lipid monolayers. The strongest interaction was always found in the presence of gel-phase phospholipid molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsia Geisler
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (R.G.); (C.D.)
- Soft Matter at Interfaces, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carina Dargel
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (R.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (R.G.); (C.D.)
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Liang X, Chen Y, Wu L, Maharjan A, Regmi B, Zhang J, Gui S. In situ hexagonal liquid crystal for intra-articular delivery of sinomenine hydrochloride. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:108993. [PMID: 31228805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the release behaviors of sinomenine hydrochloride loaded via in situ hexagonal liquid crystal (ISH), and its potential to improve the local bioavailability in knee joints of sinomenine hydrochloride (SMH) after intra-articular administration. The ISH was prepared by a liquid precursor mixture containing phytantriol (PT), Vitamin E acetate (VEA), ethanol (ET), and water. The in vitro release profiles revealed a sustained release of SMH from the optimized ISH formula (PT/VEA/ET/water, 60.8:3.2:16.0:20.0, w/w/w/w), which was selected for the in vivo pharmacokinetics and preliminary pharmacodynamics studies. In both healthy and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats, the SMH loaded ISH showed significantly smaller SMH AUC0-∞ in plasma (P < 0.01), and higher SMH concentration in synoviums (2˜168 h) than that of SMH solution, indicating that the ISH significantly reduced the leakage of SMH into systemic circulation. The t1/2α of SMH loaded ISH in the knee joints of AA rats, was longer (13.42 h) than that of healthy rats (1.34 h) (P < 0.05), most likely that in vivo drug release behavior of SMH loaded ISH was affected by the physiological environment of the joint. It was found that the SMH loaded ISH could benefit AA-rats by suppressing the level of IL-1β in comparison to SMH solutions. The results of the histopathology of knee joints in AA rats displayed that the SMH loaded ISH might be suitable for the development of treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qianjiang Street, Xinzhan Distinct, 230012, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qianjiang Street, Xinzhan Distinct, 230012, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Wu
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Abi Maharjan
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jiwen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Qianjiang Street, Xinzhan Distinct, 230012, Hefei, Anhui, China.; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Education Office of Anhui Province.
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20
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Ding K, Guo S, Rong W, Li Q, Liu R, Xu H, Yin Y, Bi K. A new oleanane type pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin from the husks of xanthoceras sorbifolium bunge and its neuroprotection on PC12 cells injury induced by Aβ25-35. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:3212-3218. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1557172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewen Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sirui Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Rong
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yidi Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Parmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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21
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Zhang L, Huang Y, Wu C, Du Y, Li P, Wang M, Wang X, Wang Y, Hao Y, Wang T, Fan B, Gao Z, Fu F. Network Pharmacology Based Research on the Combination Mechanism Between Escin and Low Dose Glucocorticoids in Anti-rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:280. [PMID: 30967782 PMCID: PMC6440172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic progressive symmetrical synovitis and destruction of multiple joints. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in the treatment of RA. However, their adverse effects can be serious. Escin, which is isolated from Aesculus hippocastanum L., has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the anti-RA effect of Escin combined with low dose GCs (dexamethasone, Dex) and the underlying mechanism. Adjuvant-induced RA rats and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-injured RAW264.7 cells were used to investigate the anti-RA effects of Escin combined with low dose Dex in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that Escin combined with low-dose Dex significantly decreased arthritic index, serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels, reduced paw swelling, and ameliorated the joint pathology and immune organ pathology. Gene chip results revealed that Nr3c1 (GR) expression was significantly altered, and that GR was activated by Escin and low dose Dex in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, Escin combined with low dose Dex also significantly increased GR mRNA expression. However, when GR expression was suppressed by its specific inhibitor, the anti-RA effect of Escin combined with low-dose Dex was abolished. The data in this study demonstrated that Escin combined with Dex reduced the dose of Dex, and exerted significant anti-RA effects, which could also reduce the adverse effects of Dex. This combination might result from GR activation. This study might provide a new combination of drugs for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Chuanhong Wu
- The Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Arts and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Xinlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanfei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Baofeng Fan
- Air Force General Hospital, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
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22
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Cheng CL, Chao WT, Li YH, Ou YC, Wang SS, Chiu KY, Yuan SY. Escin induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells: An in vitro and in vivo study. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 840:79-88. [PMID: 30287153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Escin (β-escin) is used as traditional folk medicine. The anti-tumour effects of escin have been demonstrated in vitro in certain cell lines, but its effect on bladder cancer has not been well investigated. In this study, the apoptotic activity of escin dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in bladder cancer cells and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and SV-HUC1 cells (controls) was determined. Cell cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. Cell cycle, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, annexin V-FITC staining (for detecting early apoptosis), and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated using flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Fas (CD95) death receptor/FADD (Fas-associated protein with death domain) and BCL2 family of proteins was assessed using immunoblotting. Escin dose-dependently inhibited the growth of human bladder cancer cells, and showed IC50 of ~40 μM. The cell population in the sub-G1 phase, annexin-V staining, Fas expression, ratio of BAX/BCL2, cleavage of activated caspase-3/-8/-9, increase in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) levels, and suppression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were observed after 24 h of escin treatment. Escin decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased cytochrome C release via generation of reactive oxygen species, which led to apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, escin effectively inhibited bladder tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model. Together, these results demonstrate that escin induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells through the Fas death receptor and mitochondrial pathways and inhibits bladder tumour growth. Escin is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Li Cheng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chao
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Li
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung 43503, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Shiang Wang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yuan Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Yun Yuan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705,Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan.
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Evaluation of the effect of polyphenol of escin compared with ibuprofen and dexamethasone in synoviocyte model for osteoarthritis: an in vitro study. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:2471-2478. [PMID: 29663159 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with inflammatory component. It is associated with progressive histological alterations and disabling symptoms. Today, drugs such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSIADs) are commonly employed for treatment of osteoarthritis, but have serious and life-threatening side effects. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effects of escin on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2, isoform), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO) (1), as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on inflammatory cells, similar osteoarthritis in synoviocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, and to compare it with dexamethasone (DEX) and ibuprofen (IBP). Synovial cells were isolated from synovial membrane of the radiocarpal joint cartilage of an 8-month-old Holstein cow. THP-1 cells were prepared from Pasteur Institute of Iran. Cells were cultivated and exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation without, or in the presence of, DEX, IBP, or escin. The gene expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18, COX-2, and iNOS were evaluated by real-time PCR. Concentrations of NO and PGE2 were measured by ELISA methods. Our cells secreted an increased amounts of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18, COX-2, iNOS, NO, and PGE2 in response to LPS stimulation in all conditions. Escin can quench the gene expression of COX-2, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in synoviocyte cells and production of NO and PGE2 in monocyte/macrophage cells alike DEX and IBP. We can use from escin for the treatment of osteoarthritis as an anti-inflammatory agent in the latter but further studies to support the results from such a model are needed.
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Wang D, Yu B, Chen C, Duan J, Di D, Xiong X, Yang Y, Gao H. New natural barrigenol-like triterpenoid isolated from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:997-1003. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1375916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuming Chen
- Dalian American international school grade 11, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Duan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donghua Di
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiren Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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