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Santorelli L, Stella M, Chinello C, Capitoli G, Piga I, Smith A, Grasso A, Grasso M, Bovo G, Magni F. Does the Urinary Proteome Reflect ccRCC Stage and Grade Progression? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2369. [PMID: 34943605 PMCID: PMC8700730 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due its ability to provide a global snapshot of kidney physiology, urine has emerged as a highly promising, non-invasive source in the search for new molecular indicators of disease diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance. In particular, proteomics represents an ideal strategy for the identification of urinary protein markers; thus, a urinomic approach could also represent a powerful tool in the investigation of the most common kidney cancer, which is clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Currently, these tumors are classified after surgical removal using the TNM and nuclear grading systems and prognosis is usually predicted based upon staging. However, the aggressiveness and clinical outcomes of ccRCC remain heterogeneous within each stratified group, highlighting the need for novel molecular indicators that can predict the progression of these tumors. In our study, we explored the association between the urinary proteome and the ccRCC staging and grading classification. The urine proteome of 44 ccRCC patients with lesions of varying severity was analyzed via label-free proteomics. MS data revealed several proteins with altered abundance according to clinicopathological stratification. Specifically, we determined a panel of dysregulated proteins strictly related to stage and grade, suggesting the potential utility of MS-based urinomics as a complementary tool in the staging process of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Santorelli
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Martina Stella
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulia Capitoli
- Centre of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy;
| | - Isabella Piga
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrew Smith
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Angelica Grasso
- Urology Unit, S. Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Grasso
- Urology Unit, S. Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Giorgio Bovo
- Pathology Unit, Vimercate Hospital, 20871 Vimercate, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
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Grether-Beck S, Marini A, Jaenicke T, Brenden H, Felsner I, Aue N, Brynjolfsdottir A, Krutmann J. Blue Lagoon Algae improve uneven skin pigmentation: Results from in vitro studies and from a monocenter, randomized, double blind, vehicle controlled, split-face study. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 35:77-86. [PMID: 34348349 DOI: 10.1159/000518781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Grether-Beck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandra Marini
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Jaenicke
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heidi Brenden
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ingo Felsner
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalie Aue
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Ness S, Lin S, Gordon JR. Regulatory Dendritic Cells, T Cell Tolerance, and Dendritic Cell Therapy for Immunologic Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633436. [PMID: 33777019 PMCID: PMC7988082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen-presenting cells that can communicate with T cells both directly and indirectly, regulating our adaptive immune responses against environmental and self-antigens. Under some microenvironmental conditions DC develop into anti-inflammatory cells which can induce immunologic tolerance. A substantial body of literature has confirmed that in such settings regulatory DC (DCreg) induce T cell tolerance by suppression of effector T cells as well as by induction of regulatory T cells (Treg). Many in vitro studies have been undertaken with human DCreg which, as a surrogate marker of antigen-specific tolerogenic potential, only poorly activate allogeneic T cell responses. Fewer studies have addressed the abilities of, or mechanisms by which these human DCreg suppress autologous effector T cell responses and induce infectious tolerance-promoting Treg responses. Moreover, the agents and properties that render DC as tolerogenic are many and varied, as are the cells’ relative regulatory activities and mechanisms of action. Herein we review the most current human and, where gaps exist, murine DCreg literature that addresses the cellular and molecular biology of these cells. We also address the clinical relevance of human DCreg, highlighting the outcomes of pre-clinical mouse and non-human primate studies and early phase clinical trials that have been undertaken, as well as the impact of innate immune receptors and symbiotic microbial signaling on the immunobiology of DCreg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ness
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Shiming Lin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - John R Gordon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Liu K, Zhu L, Yu M, Liang X, Zhang J, Tan Y, Huang C, He W, Lei W, Chen J, Gu X, Xiang B. A Combined Analysis of Genetically Correlated Traits Identifies Genes and Brain Regions for Insomnia. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2020; 65:874-884. [PMID: 32648482 PMCID: PMC7658420 DOI: 10.1177/0706743720940547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have inferred that there is a strong genetic component in insomnia. However, the etiology of insomnia is still unclear. This study systematically analyzed multiple genome-wide association study (GWAS) data sets with core human pathways and functional networks to detect potential gene pathways and networks associated with insomnia. METHODS We used a novel method, multitrait analysis of genome-wide association studies (MTAG), to combine 3 large GWASs of insomnia symptoms/complaints and sleep duration. The i-Gsea4GwasV2 and Reactome FI programs were used to analyze data from the result of MTAG analysis and the nominally significant pathways, respectively. RESULTS Through analyzing data sets using the MTAG program, our sample size increased from 113,006 subjects to 163,188 subjects. A total of 17 of 1,816 Reactome pathways were identified and showed to be associated with insomnia. We further revealed 11 interconnected functional and topologically interacting clusters (Clusters 0 to 10) that were associated with insomnia. Based on the brain transcriptome data, it was found that the genes in Cluster 4 were enriched for the transcriptional coexpression profile in the prenatal dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P = 7 × 10-5), inferolateral temporal cortex (P = 0.02), medial prefrontal cortex (P < 1 × 10-5), and amygdala (P < 1 × 10-5), and detected RPA2, ORC6, PIAS3, and PRIM2 as core nodes in these 4 brain regions. CONCLUSIONS The findings provided new genes, pathways, and brain regions to understand the pathology of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Minglan Yu
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaohua Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenying He
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaochu Gu
- Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Biochemical characterization of Nostoc sp. exopolysaccharides and evaluation of potential use in wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117303. [PMID: 33357870 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by cyanobacteria are complex biomolecules of anionic nature with potential biomedical applications. In this study, the EPS produced by the Nostoc sp. strains PCC7936 and PCC7413 were characterized and evaluated as a biomaterial for new wound dressings. The addition of acetate ions to the culture medium slightly stimulated EPS production, achieving 1463.1 ± 16.0 mgL-1 (PCC7413) and 1372.1 ± 29.0 mgL-1 (PCC7936). Both EPS presented nine monosaccharide residues and a MW > 1000 kDa. The acetate addition changed the monosaccharide molar percentages. FTIR and DLS results confirmed the anionic nature and the presence of sulfate groups in both EPS, which are determinant features for biomedical applications. Both EPS at 1%(w/v) formed gels in the presence of 0.4%(w/v) FeCl3. Results obtained for MTT assay and wound healing in vitro scratch assay revealed hydrogels biocompatibility and ability to promote fibroblast migration and proliferation that was greater in PCC7936. The Nostoc EPS hydrogels presented promising properties to be applied in the treatment of skin injuries.
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Tabarzad M, Atabaki V, Hosseinabadi T. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria by Focusing on the Mechanisms of Action. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6193-6205. [PMID: 32557174 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are the potentially valuable source of bioactive compounds applied in the various industries and human usage in different fields of pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic disciplines. One of the interesting aspects is their application as the anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of inflammation related mal-conditions. Natural compounds are of great importance in the treatment of inflammations to reduce the reaction of immune system against pathogens, toxic compounds and damaged cells. A wide range of different metabolites with various chemical structures, including small molecules and peptides and proteins, polysaccharides, fatty acids and their derivatives have been found in microalgae and cyanobacteria which have anti-inflammatory activity. In this review, we summarized different metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity that were extracted from these microorganisms and their mechanisms. The bioactive compounds from microalgae and cyanobacteria have exhibited anti-inflammatory activity through different mechanisms acting intra- or extra- cellularly. So, they could be considered as promising anti-inflammatory agents in treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Atabaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Hosseinabadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lopes G, Clarinha D, Vasconcelos V. Carotenoids from Cyanobacteria: A Biotechnological Approach for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020302. [PMID: 32098255 PMCID: PMC7074968 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, five cyanobacteria strains (Alkalinema aff. pantanalense LEGE15481, Cyanobium gracile LEGE12431, Nodosilinea (Leptolyngbya) antarctica LEGE13457, Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi LEGE03282 and Leptolyngbya-like sp. LEGE13412) from the Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology Culture Collection (LEGE CC) of CIIMAR were explored for their biotechnological potential in the treatment of psoriasis. Different extracts were characterized for their pigment profile by HPLC-PDA. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed against the superoxide anion radical (O2•-). Their anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative potential was assessed in vitro using the macrophages RAW 264.7 and the human keratinocytes HaCaT as cell-line models, respectively. Terrestrial and freshwater strains presented the highest carotenoid content (33193-63926 μg/g dry extract), with all-trans-β-carotene, zeaxanthin, echinenone and lutein derivatives being the most abundant carotenoids. Acetone was the most effective solvent for pigment extraction. The acetone extracts presented the lowest IC50 values (0.29-0.38 mg dry extract/mL) regarding O2•- scavenging, and revealed anti-inflammatory potential, with N. antarctica LEGE13457, A. pantanalense LEGE15481 and Leptolyngbya-like sp. LEGE13412 reducing the nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cell culture medium in about 25% (p < 0.05). With the exception of A. pantanalense LEGE15481, all the extracts significantly reduced keratinocyte proliferation (p < 0.05), demonstrating a selective toxicity among the different cell lines. Overall, Leptolyngbya-like sp. LEGE13412 and N. antarctica LEGE13457 seem promising for further exploitation in the framework of psoriasis, due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciliana Lopes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.C.); (V.V.)
- FCUP, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-223401800
| | - Duarte Clarinha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.C.); (V.V.)
- FCUP, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.C.); (V.V.)
- FCUP, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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