1
|
Mondal UK, Barchi JJ. Isolipoic acid-linked gold nanoparticles bearing the thomsen friedenreich tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen: Stability and in vitro studies. Front Chem 2022; 10:1002146. [PMID: 36300019 PMCID: PMC9588967 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1002146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously prepared gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) bearing the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen disaccharide (TFag), a pan-carcinoma, Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigen (TACA), as tools for various assays and biological applications. Conjugation to AuNPs typically involves the use of thiols due to the affinity of sulfur for the gold surface of the nanoparticle. While a use of a single thiol-containing ligand bound to the gold surface is standard practice, several studies have shown that ligands bearing multiple thiols can enhance the strength of the conjugation in a nearly linear fashion. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid (LA), a naturally occurring disulfide-containing organic acid that is used as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions, has been used as a linker to conjugate various molecules to AuNPs through its branched di-thiol system to enhance nanoparticle stability. We sought to use a similar system to increase nanoparticle stability that was devoid of the chiral center in (R)-(+)-α-lipoic acid. Isolipoic acid, an isomer of LA, where the exocyclic pentanoic acid chain is shifted by one carbon on the dithiolane ring to produce an achiral acid, was thought to act similarly as LA without the risk of any contaminating (L)-(−) isomer. We synthesized AuNPs with ligands of both serine and threonine glycoamino acids bearing the TFag linked to isolipoic acid and examined their stability under various conditions. In addition, these particles were shown to bind to Galectin-3 and inhibit the interaction of Galectin-3 with a protein displaying copies of the TFag. These agents should prove useful in the design of potential antimetastatic therapeutics that would benefit from achiral linkers that are geometrically linear and achiral.
Collapse
|
2
|
40 years of glyco-polyacrylamide in glycobiology. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:89-100. [PMID: 33443721 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylamide conjugates of glycans have long been widely used in many research areas of glycobiology, mainly for immobilizing glycans in solid-phase assays and as multivalent inhibitors. Pending biotin tag allows immobilizing Glyc-PAA quantitatively on any surface, and acts as a tracer for detection of carbohydrate-binding proteins. However, the scope of already realized capabilities of these probes is immeasurably richer than those listed above. This review is not so much about routine as about less common, but not less significant applications. Also, the data on the glycopolymers themselves, their molecular weight, size and polymer chain flexibility are presented, as well as the methods of synthesis, clusterisation and entropy factor in their interaction with proteins.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dobrochaeva K, Khasbiullina N, Shilova N, Antipova N, Obukhova P, Ovchinnikova T, Galanina O, Blixt O, Kunz H, Filatov A, Knirel Y, LePendu J, Khaidukov S, Bovin N. Specificity of human natural antibodies referred to as anti-Tn. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:74-82. [PMID: 32087569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To understand the role of human natural IgM known as antibodies against the carbohydrate epitope Tn, the antibodies were isolated using GalNAcα-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and their specificity was profiled using microarrays (a glycan array printed with oligosaccharides and bacterial polysaccharides, as well as a glycopeptide array), flow cytometry, and inhibition ELISA. The antibodies bound a restricted number of GalNAcα-terminated oligosaccharides better than the parent monosaccharide, e.g., 6-O-Su-GalNAcα and GalNAcα1-3Galβ1-3(4)GlcNAcβ. The binding with several bacterial polysaccharides that have no structural resemblance to the affinity ligand GalNAcα was quite unexpected. Given that GalNAcα is considered the key fragment of the Tn antigen, it is surprising that these antibodies bind weakly GalNAcα-OSer and do not bind a wide variety of GalNAcα-OSer/Thr-containing mucin glycopeptides. At the same time, we have observed specific binding to cells having Tn-positive glycoproteins containing similar glycopeptide motifs in a conformationally rigid macromolecule. Thus, specific recognition of the Tn antigen apparently requires that the naturally occurring "anti-Tn" IgM recognize a complex epitope comprising the GalNAcα as an essential component and a fairly long amino acid sequence where the amino acids adjacent to GalNAcα do not contact the antibody paratope; i.e., the antibodies recognize a spatial epitope or a molecular pattern rather than a classical continuous sequence. In addition, we have not found any increase in the binding of natural antibodies when GalNAcα residues were clustered. These results may help in further development of anticancer vaccines based on synthetic Tn constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kira Dobrochaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nailya Khasbiullina
- Semiotik LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation; Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; Semiotik LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Antipova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Obukhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana Galanina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Ola Blixt
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Horst Kunz
- Institut Für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Filatov
- Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Yuriy Knirel
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Jacques LePendu
- University of Nantes, Inserm, U892 IRT UN, 8 Quai MonCousu, BP70721 Nantes, FR 44007, France
| | - Sergey Khaidukov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|