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Zhu Z, Yang Z, Zhu C, Hu Z, Jiang Z, Gong J, Yuan Y, Chen X, Jin Y, Yin Y. Development of a DNA aptamer targeting IDO1 with anti-tumor effects. iScience 2023; 26:107367. [PMID: 37520707 PMCID: PMC10374466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has become an effective approach to reverse the immune tolerance of tumor cells. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is frequently upregulated in many types of cancers and contributes to the establishment of an immunosuppressive cancer microenvironment, which has been thought to be a potential target for cancer therapy. However, the development of IDO1 inhibitors for clinical application is still limited. Here, we isolated a DNA aptamer with a strong affinity and inhibitory activity against IDO1, designated as IDO-APT. By conjugating with nanoparticles, in situ injection of IDO-APT to CT26 tumor-bearing mice significantly suppresses the activity of regulatory T cells and promotes the function of CD8+ T cells, leading to tumor suppression and prolonged survival. Therefore, this functional IDO1-specific aptamer with potent anti-tumor effects may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Our data provide an alternative way to target IDO1 in addition to small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zeliang Yang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanda Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zixi Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongyu Jiang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyao Yuan
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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2
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Xiao C, Xiong W, Xu Y, Zou J, Zeng Y, Liu J, Peng Y, Hu C, Wu F. Immunometabolism: a new dimension in immunotherapy resistance. Front Med 2023; 17:585-616. [PMID: 37725232 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated unparalleled clinical responses and revolutionized the paradigm of tumor treatment, while substantial patients remain unresponsive or develop resistance to ICIs as a single agent, which is traceable to cellular metabolic dysfunction. Although dysregulated metabolism has long been adjudged as a hallmark of tumor, it is now increasingly accepted that metabolic reprogramming is not exclusive to tumor cells but is also characteristic of immunocytes. Correspondingly, people used to pay more attention to the effect of tumor cell metabolism on immunocytes, but in practice immunocytes interact intimately with their own metabolic function in a way that has never been realized before during their activation and differentiation, which opens up a whole new frontier called immunometabolism. The metabolic intervention for tumor-infiltrating immunocytes could offer fresh opportunities to break the resistance and ameliorate existing ICI immunotherapy, whose crux might be to ascertain synergistic combinations of metabolic intervention with ICIs to reap synergic benefits and facilitate an adjusted anti-tumor immune response. Herein, we elaborate potential mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance from a novel dimension of metabolic reprogramming in diverse tumor-infiltrating immunocytes, and related metabolic intervention in the hope of offering a reference for targeting metabolic vulnerabilities to circumvent immunotherapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yiting Xu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ji'an Zou
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yurong Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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3
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Metabolic guidance and stress in tumors modulate antigen-presenting cells. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:62. [PMID: 36244976 PMCID: PMC9573874 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful antitumor immunity largely relies on efficient T cell priming by antigen-presenting cells (APCs); however, the capacity of APCs is found to be defective in many cancers. Metabolically reprogrammed cancer cells support the energetic and biosynthetic demands of their high proliferation rates by exploiting nutrients available in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which in turn limits proper metabolic reprogramming of APCs during recruitment, differentiation, activation and antigen presentation. Furthermore, some metabolites generated by the TME are unfavorable to antitumor immunity. This review summarizes recent studies on the metabolic features of APCs and their functionality in the TME. Particularly, we will describe how APCs respond to altered TME and how metabolic byproducts from cancer and immunomodulatory cells affect APCs. Finally, we introduce the current status of APC-oriented research and clinical trials targeting metabolic features to boost efficient immunotherapy.
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4
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Barroeta Seijas AB, Simonetti S, Filippi I, Naldini A, Favaretto G, Colombo T, Natalini A, Antonangeli F, Laffranchi M, Sozzani S, Santoni A, Di Rosa F. Mouse dendritic cells in the steady state: Hypoxia, autophagy, and stem cell factor. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:718-728. [PMID: 36069062 PMCID: PMC9826237 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are innate immune cells with a central role in immunity and tolerance. Under steady-state, DCs are scattered in tissues as resting cells. Upon infection or injury, DCs get activated and acquire the full capacity to prime antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, thus bridging innate and adaptive immunity. By secreting different sets of cytokines and chemokines, DCs orchestrate diverse types of immune responses, from a classical proinflammatory to an alternative pro-repair one. DCs are highly heterogeneous, and physiological differences in tissue microenvironments greatly contribute to variations in DC phenotype. Oxygen tension is normally low in some lymphoid areas, including bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic niches; nevertheless, the possible impact of tissue hypoxia on DC physiology has been poorly investigated. We assessed whether DCs are hypoxic in BM and spleen, by staining for hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α subunit (HIF-1α), the master regulator of hypoxia-induced response, and pimonidazole (PIM), a hypoxic marker, and by flow cytometric analysis. Indeed, we observed that mouse DCs have a hypoxic phenotype in spleen and BM, and showed some remarkable differences between DC subsets. Notably, DCs expressing membrane c-kit, the receptor for stem cell factor (SCF), had a higher PIM median fluorescence intensity (MFI) than c-kit- DCs, both in the spleen and in the BM. To determine whether SCF (a.k.a. kit ligand) has a role in DC hypoxia, we evaluated molecular pathways activated by SCF in c-kit+ BM-derived DCs cultured in hypoxic conditions. Gene expression microarrays and gene set enrichment analysis supported the hypothesis that SCF had an impact on hypoxia response and inhibited autophagy-related gene sets. Our results suggest that hypoxic response and autophagy, and their modulation by SCF, can play a role in DC homeostasis at the steady state, in agreement with our previous findings on SCF's role in DC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly,Present address:
Translational Oncology LaboratoryCampus Bio‐Medico UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Irene Filippi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental MedicineUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Antonella Naldini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental MedicineUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Gabriele Favaretto
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | - Teresa Colombo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly,Present address:
The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | | | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular MedicineSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Angela Santoni
- Neuromed IRCCSPozzilli, IserniaItaly,Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci BolognettiRomeItaly
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologyNational Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
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5
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Jadidi A, Ali Shokrgozar M, Sardari S, Mohammad Maadani A. Gefitinib-loaded polydopamine-coated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle for gastric cancer application. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Storkus WJ, Maurer D, Lin Y, Ding F, Bose A, Lowe D, Rose A, DeMark M, Karapetyan L, Taylor JL, Chelvanambi M, Fecek RJ, Filderman JN, Looney TJ, Miller L, Linch E, Lowman GM, Kalinski P, Butterfield LH, Tarhini A, Tawbi H, Kirkwood JM. Dendritic cell vaccines targeting tumor blood vessel antigens in combination with dasatinib induce therapeutic immune responses in patients with checkpoint-refractory advanced melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003675. [PMID: 34782430 PMCID: PMC8593702 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A first-in-human, randomized pilot phase II clinical trial combining vaccines targeting overexpressed, non-mutated tumor blood vessel antigens (TBVA) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib was conducted in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+ patients with advanced melanoma. Methods Patient monocyte-derived type-1-polarized dendritic cells were loaded with HLA-A2-presented peptides derived from TBVA (DLK1, EphA2, HBB, NRP1, RGS5, TEM1) and injected intradermally as a vaccine into the upper extremities every other week. Patients were randomized into one of two treatment arms receiving oral dasatinib (70 mg two times per day) beginning in week 5 (Arm A) or in week 1 (Arm B). Trial endpoints included T cell response to vaccine peptides (interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot), objective clinical response (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1) and exploratory tumor, blood and serum profiling of immune-associated genes/proteins. Results Sixteen patients with advanced-stage cutaneous (n=10), mucosal (n=1) or uveal (n=5) melanoma were accrued, 15 of whom had previously progressed on programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade. Of 13 evaluable patients, 6 patients developed specific peripheral blood T cell responses against ≥3 vaccine-associated peptides, with further evidence of epitope spreading. All six patients with specific CD8+ T cell response to vaccine-targeted antigens exhibited evidence of T cell receptor (TCR) convergence in association with preferred clinical outcomes (four partial response and two stabilization of disease (SD)). Seven patients failed to respond to vaccination (one SD and six progressive disease). Patients in Arm B (immediate dasatinib) outperformed those in Arm A (delayed dasatinib) for immune response rate (IRR; 66.7% vs 28.6%), objective response rate (ORR) (66.7% vs 0%), overall survival (median 15.45 vs 3.47 months; p=0.0086) and progression-free survival (median 7.87 vs 1.97 months; p=0.063). IRR (80% vs 25%) and ORR (60% vs 12.5%) was greater for females versus male patients. Tumors in patients exhibiting response to treatment displayed (1) evidence of innate and adaptive immune-mediated inflammation and TCR convergence at baseline, (2) on-treatment transcriptional changes associated with reduced hypoxia/acidosis/glycolysis, and (3) increased inflammatory immune cell infiltration and tertiary lymphoid structure neogenesis. Conclusions Combined vaccination against TBVA plus dasatinib was safe and resulted in coordinating immunologic and/or objective clinical responses in 6/13 (46%) evaluable patients with melanoma, particularly those initiating treatment with both agents. Trial registration number NCT01876212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter J Storkus
- Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deena Maurer
- Translational and Regulatory Affairs, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yan Lin
- Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fei Ding
- Biostatistics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anamika Bose
- Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Devin Lowe
- Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, Texas, USA
| | - Amy Rose
- Clinical Research Services, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melissa DeMark
- Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lilit Karapetyan
- Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer L Taylor
- Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Manoj Chelvanambi
- Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald J Fecek
- Microbiology and Immunology, LECOM, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica N Filderman
- Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lauren Miller
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Linch
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Lowman
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Medical Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Research and Development, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ahmad Tarhini
- Cutaneous Oncology and Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John M Kirkwood
- Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Huang L, Guo Y, Liu S, Wang H, Zhu J, Ou L, Xu X. Targeting regulatory T cells for immunotherapy in melanoma. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:11. [PMID: 34806028 PMCID: PMC8591697 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential in the maintenance of immunity, and they are also a key to immune suppressive microenvironment in solid tumors. Many studies have revealed the biology of Tregs in various human pathologies. Here we review recent understandings of the immunophenotypes and suppressive functions of Tregs in melanoma, including Treg recruitment and expansion in a tumor. Tregs are frequently accumulated in melanoma and the ratio of CD8+ T cells versus Tregs in the melanoma is predictive for patient survival. Hence, depletion of Tregs is a promising strategy for the enhancement of anti-melanoma immunity. Many recent studies are aimed to target Tregs in melanoma. Distinguishing Tregs from other immune cells and understanding the function of different subsets of Tregs may contribute to better therapeutic efficacy. Depletion of functional Tregs from the tumor microenvironment has been tested to induce clinically relevant immune responses against melanomas. However, the lack of Treg specific therapeutic antibodies or Treg specific depleting strategies is a big hurdle that is yet to be overcome. Additional studies to fine-tune currently available therapies and more agents that specifically and selectively target tumor infiltrating Tregs in melanoma are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Yeye Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Shujing Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Huaishan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Lingling Ou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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8
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Wang J, Bie Z, Zhang Y, Li L, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Nie X, Zhang P, Cheng G, Di X, Li X, Cheng S, Feng L. Prognostic value of the baseline circulating T cell receptor β chain diversity in advanced lung cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1899609. [PMID: 33796410 PMCID: PMC7993185 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1899609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An indicator for systemic evaluation of the adaptive immune status is lacking. Peripheral blood is important in antitumour immunity, and the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity is key for effective immunity. This study aimed to investigate changes in the circulating T cell receptor β chain (TCRB) diversity during the first few (1 ~ 4) treatment cycles and its clinical value in patients with advanced lung cancer. TCRB-enriched sequencing data combined with transcriptomic RNA sequencing data of peripheral blood leukocytes were obtained from 72 patients with advanced lung cancer before and after targeted therapy or chemotherapy. Changes in the circulating TCRB diversity during treatment and the relationship of the baseline circulating TCRB diversity with prognosis and therapeutic effects were evaluated. We found that targeted therapy or chemotherapy did not significantly affect the T lymphocyte composition or circulating TCRB diversity (3.83 vs 3.74, T-test, p = .16) in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) during the first few treatment cycles. The higher circulating TCRB diversity was linked to improved therapeutic effects (T-test, p = .00083) in LUAD patients receiving targeted therapy. Higher baseline circulating TCRB diversity was associated with better prognosis. In addition, a five-factor prognostic risk score model was built for more accurate prognosis prediction for LUAD patients. The chemotherapeutic agents for advanced lung cancer do not significantly affect adaptive immune function over the first few treatment cycles. The circulating TCRB diversity reflects the adaptive immunological repertoire and might be a convenient indicator for evaluating the adaptive immune status and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Bie
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebing Di
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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9
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Peng X, He Y, Huang J, Tao Y, Liu S. Metabolism of Dendritic Cells in Tumor Microenvironment: For Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613492. [PMID: 33732237 PMCID: PMC7959811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of an antigen-presenting cell which undertake a job on capturing antigens coming from pathogens or tumors and presenting to T cells for immune response. The metabolism of DCs controls its development, polarization, and maturation processes and provides energy support for its functions. However, the immune activity of DCs in tumor microenvironment (TME) is inhibited generally. Abnormal metabolism of tumor cells causes metabolic changes in TME, such as hyperglycolysis, lactate and lipid accumulation, acidification, tryptophan deprivation, which limit the function of DCs and lead to the occurrence of tumor immune escape. Combined metabolic regulation with immunotherapy can strengthen the ability of antigen-presentation and T cell activation of DCs, improve the existing anti-tumor therapy, and overcome the defects of DC-related therapies in the current stage, which has great potential in oncology therapy. Therefore, we reviewed the glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism of DCs, as well as the metabolic changes after being affected by TME. Together with the potential metabolic targets of DCs, possible anti-tumor therapeutic pathways were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youe He
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cancer Biological Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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AhR and Cancer: From Gene Profiling to Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020752. [PMID: 33451095 PMCID: PMC7828536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that has been shown to be an essential regulator of a broad spectrum of biological activities required for maintaining the body’s vital functions. AhR also plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Its role in cancer is complex, encompassing both pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities. Its level of expression and activity are specific to each tumor and patient, increasing the difficulty of understanding the activating or inhibiting roles of AhR ligands. We explored the role of AhR in tumor cell lines and patients using genomic data sets and discuss the extent to which AhR can be considered as a therapeutic target.
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11
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Tumor Microenvironment: Implications in Melanoma Resistance to Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102870. [PMID: 33036192 PMCID: PMC7601592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The response to pharmacological treatments is deeply influenced by the tight interactions between the tumor cells and the microenvironment. In this review we describe, for melanoma, the most important mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapy mediated by the components of the microenvironment. In addition, we briefly describe the most recent therapeutic advances for this pathology. The knowledge of molecular mechanisms, which are underlying of drug resistance, is fundamental for the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of melanoma patients. Abstract Antitumor therapies have made great strides in recent decades. Chemotherapy, aggressive and unable to discriminate cancer from healthy cells, has given way to personalized treatments that, recognizing and blocking specific molecular targets, have paved the way for targeted and effective therapies. Melanoma was one of the first tumor types to benefit from this new care frontier by introducing specific inhibitors for v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), v-kit Hardy–Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KIT), and, recently, immunotherapy. However, despite the progress made in the melanoma treatment, primary and/or acquired drug resistance remains an unresolved problem. The molecular dynamics that promote this phenomenon are very complex but several studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays, certainly, a key role. In this review, we will describe the new melanoma treatment approaches and we will analyze the mechanisms by which TME promotes resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
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