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Dai F, Zhang X, Ma G, Li W. ACOD1 mediates Staphylococcus aureus-induced inflammatory response via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112924. [PMID: 39133958 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a common Gram-positive bacterium that activates inflammatory cells, expressing various cytokines and inducing an inflammatory response. Recent research revealed aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) as a regulator of the immune response through various metabolic pathways, playing a dual role in the inflammatory response. However, the mechanism by which ACOD1 participates in the regulation of SA-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the function and underlying regulatory mechanisms of ACOD1 in SA-induced inflammatory response. This study reveals that SA induced a macrophage inflammatory response and upregulated ACOD1 expression. ACOD1 knockdown significantly inhibited SA-induced macrophage inflammatory response, attenuated SA-induced nuclear envelope wrinkling, and plasma membrane rupture, and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, ACOD1 knockdown reduced the inflammatory response and alleviated lung tissue injury and cellular damage, leading to decreased bacterial loads in the lungs of SA-infected mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that SA induces an inflammatory response in macrophages and increases ACOD1 expression. ACOD1 enhances SA-induced inflammatory responses via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings highlight the significant role of ACOD1 in mediating the inflammatory response in SA-infected macrophages and elucidate its molecular mechanism in regulating the SA-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Guilan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Wu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
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2
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Ali W, Chen Y, Gandahi JA, Qazi IH, Sun J, Wang T, Liu Z, Zou H. Cross-Talk Between Selenium Nanoparticles and Cancer Treatment Through Autophagy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2931-2940. [PMID: 37817045 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is commonly referred as self-eating and a complex cellular process that is involved in the digestion of protein and damaged organelles through a lysosome-dependent mechanism, and this mechanism is essential for maintaining proper cellular homeostasis. Selenium is a vital trace element that plays essential functions in antioxidant defense, redox state control, and range of particular metabolic processes. Selenium nanoparticles have become known as a promising agent for biomedical use, because of their high bioavailability, low toxicity, and degradability. However, and in recent years, they have attracted the interest of researchers in developing anticancer nano-drugs. Selenium nanoparticles can be used as a potential therapeutic agent or in combination with other agents to act as carriers for the development of new treatments. More intriguingly, selenium nanoparticles have been extensively shown to impact autophagy signaling, allowing selenium nanoparticles to be used as possible cancer treatment agents. This review explored the connections between selenium and autophagy, followed by developments and current advances of selenium nanoparticles for autophagy control in various clinical circumstances. Furthermore, this study examined the functions and possible processes of selenium nanoparticles in autophagy regulation, which may help us understand how selenium nanoparticles regulate autophagy for the potential cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jameel Ahmed Gandahi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Izhar Hyder Qazi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Ma S, Xue R, Zhu H, Han Y, Ji X, Zhang C, Wei N, Xu J, Li F. Selenomethionine preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles exert enhanced therapeutic efficacy in intervertebral disc degeneration. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112028. [PMID: 38593507 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) have shown promising therapeutic potential for multiple diseases, including intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Nevertheless, the limited production and unstable quality of EVs hindered the clinical application of EVs in IDD. Selenomethionine (Se-Met), the major form of organic selenium present in the cereal diet, showed various beneficial effects, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic effects. In the current study, Se-Met was employed to treat MSCs to investigate whether Se-Met can facilitate the secretion of EVs by MSCs and optimize their therapeutic effects on IDD. On the one hand, Se-Met promoted the production of EVs by enhancing the autophagy activity of MSCs. On the other hand, Se-Met pretreated MSC-derived EVs (Se-EVs) exhibited an enhanced protective effects on alleviating nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence and attenuating IDD compared with EVs isolated from control MSCs (C-EVs) in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we performed a miRNA microarray sequencing analysis on EVs to explore the potential mechanism of the protective effects of EVs. The result indicated that miR-125a-5p is markedly enriched in Se-EVs compared to C-EVs. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that knockdown of miR-125a-5p in Se-EVs (miRKD-Se-EVs) impeded the protective effects of Se-EVs, while overexpression of miR-125a-5p (miROE-Se-EVs) boosted the protective effects. In conclusion, Se-Met facilitated the MSC-derived EVs production and increased miR-125a-5p delivery in Se-EVs, thereby improving the protective effects of MSC-derived EVs on alleviating NPCs senescence and attenuating IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Ma
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Rui Xue
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Haiyang Zhu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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Meng M, Wang J, Li H, Wang J, Wang X, Li M, Gao X, Li W, Ma C, Wei L. Eliminating the invading extracellular and intracellular FnBp + bacteria from respiratory epithelial cells by autophagy mediated through FnBp-Fn-Integrin α5β1 axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1324727. [PMID: 38264727 PMCID: PMC10803403 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1324727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We previously found that the respiratory epithelial cells could eliminate the invaded group A streptococcus (GAS) through autophagy induced by binding a fibronectin (Fn) binding protein (FnBp) expressed on the surface of GAS to plasma protein Fn and its receptor integrin α5β1 of epithelial cells. Is autophagy initiated by FnBp+ bacteria via FnBp-Fn-Integrin α5β1 axis a common event in respiratory epithelial cells? Methods We chose Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus/S. a) and Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes/L. m) as representatives of extracellular and intracellular FnBp+ bacteria, respectively. The FnBp of them was purified and the protein function was confirmed by western blot, viable bacteria count, confocal and pull-down. The key molecule downstream of the action axis was detected by IP, mass spectrometry and bio-informatics analysis. Results We found that different FnBp from both S. aureus and L. monocytogenes could initiate autophagy through FnBp-Fn-integrin α5β1 axis and this could be considered a universal event, by which host tries to remove invading bacteria from epithelial cells. Importantly, we firstly reported that S100A8, as a key molecule downstream of integrin β1 chain, is highly expressed upon activation of integrin α5β1, which in turn up-regulates autophagy. Conclusions Various FnBp from FnBp+ bacteria have the ability to initiate autophagy via FnBp-Fn-Integrin α5β1 axis to promote the removal of invading bacteria from epithelial cells in the presence of fewer invaders. S100A8 is a key molecule downstream of Integrin α5β1 in this autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Meng
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiachao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongru Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Arya R, Kim T, Youn JW, Bae T, Kim KK. Identification of an antivirulence agent targeting the master regulator of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1268044. [PMID: 38029271 PMCID: PMC10644738 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1268044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bactericidal antibiotic-resistant strains has increased the demand for alternative therapeutic agents, such as antivirulence agents targeting the virulence regulators of pathogens. Staphylococcus aureus exoprotein expression (sae) locus, the master regulator of virulence gene expression in multiple drug-resistant S. aureus, is a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we screened a small-molecule library using a SaeRS green fluorescent protein (GFP)-reporter that responded to transcription controlled by the sae locus. We identified the compound, N-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-11-oxo-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepine-8-carboxamide (SKKUCS), as an efficient repressor of sae-regulated GFP activity. SKKUCS inhibited hemolysin production and reduced α-hemolysin-mediated cell lysis. Moreover, SKKUCS substantially reduced the expression levels of various virulence genes controlled by the master regulators, sae, and the accessory gene regulator (agr), demonstrating its potential as an antivirulence reagent targeting the key virulence regulators. Furthermore, autokinase inhibition assay and molecular docking suggest that SKKUCS inhibits the kinase activity of SaeS and potentially targets the active site of SaeS kinase, possibly inhibiting ATP binding. Next, we evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of SKKUCS in vivo using murine models of staphylococcal intraperitoneal and skin infections. Treatment with SKKUCS markedly increased animal survival and significantly decreased the bacterial burden in organs and skin lesion sizes. These findings highlight SKKUCS as a potential antivirulence drug for drug-resistant staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Arya
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Institute of Antibacterial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Truc Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Institute of Antibacterial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Won Youn
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Institute of Antibacterial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeok Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, IN, United States
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Institute of Antibacterial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Zhang C, Li J, Lu R, Wang S, Fu Z, Yao Z. Efficacy of a Novel Antibacterial Agent Exeporfinium Chloride, (XF-73), Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Mouse Superficial Skin Infection Models. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4867-4879. [PMID: 37520450 PMCID: PMC10386860 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s417231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The number of incidences of antimicrobial resistance is rising continually, necessitating new and effective antibacterial drugs. The present study aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo activity of XF-73 against antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates and to investigate the potential mechanism of action of XF-73. Methods The in vitro antibacterial activity of XF-73 and comparator antibacterial drugs, (mupirocin, fusidine, retapamulin, vancomycin, erythromycin, linezolid and daptomycin), against S. aureus (both antibiotic sensitive and resistant strains) was assessed using a broth microdilution method. Two different superficial Staphylococcal skin infection murine models were established to study the in vivo efficacy of XF-73 against antibiotic-resistant strains. The effect of XF-73 on the ultrastructure and cellular morphology of S. aureus was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results The MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration) determined by the broth microdilution method for XF-73 demonstrated that the compound had a high potency against S. aureus isolates with varying susceptibility to the study drugs. Also, the antibacterial activity of XF-73 was superior or similar to most of the tested antibacterial drugs. We also found that the XF-73 dermal formulation significantly inhibited S. aureus survival in both the murine skin tape-stripping and suture superficial skin infection models, maintained a consistently high inhibitory capacity against the antibiotic-resistant strains tested and was significantly more effective than mupirocin ointment, a commonly used antibiotic for the treatment of skin infections. The morphological studies using TEM suggest that XF-73 had a rapid (2 minute) bacterial cell wall disruption activity, with longer incubation (10 minute) subsequently causing membrane damage. SEM analysis demonstrated that this cell wall and cell membrane disruption did not lead to disintegration of the plasma membrane, and did not cause bacterial cell lysis. Conclusion Therefore, XF-73 may be an effective drug alternative to combat multi-drug-resistant skin infections in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Educational Ministry of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinping Li
- Kangzhe Pharmaceutical Technology Development Company, Ltd., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Lu
- Kangzhe Pharmaceutical Technology Development Company, Ltd., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- Kangzhe Pharmaceutical Technology Development Company, Ltd., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Fu
- Kangzhe Pharmaceutical Technology Development Company, Ltd., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Educational Ministry of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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Chen D, Lu H, Ma Y, Huang Y, Zhang T, Fan S, Lin W, Huang Y, Jin H, Ruan Y, Xu JF, Pi J. Trends and recent progresses of selenium nanoparticles as novel autophagy regulators for therapeutic development. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1116051. [PMID: 36819694 PMCID: PMC9931911 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1116051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, one of the major intracellular degradation systems, plays an important role in maintaining normal cellular physiological functions and protecting organisms from different diseases. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, is involved in many metabolic regulatory signaling events and plays a key role in human health. In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) have attracted increasing attentions in biomedical field due to their low toxicity, high bioavailability and high bioactivity. Taking the advantage of their advanced biological activities, Se NPs can be used alone as potential therapeutic agents, or combine with other agents and served as carriers for the development of novel therapeutics. More interestingly, Se NPs have been widely reported to affect autophagy signaling, which therefor allow Se NPs to be used as potential therapeutic agents against different diseases. Here, this review suggested the relationships between Se and autophagy, followed by the trends and recent progresses of Se NPs for autophagy regulation in different diseased conditions. More importantly, this work discussed the roles and potential mechanisms of Se NPs in autophagy regulating, which might enhance our understanding about how Se NPs regulate autophagy for potential disease treatment. This work is expected to promote the potential application of Se NPs as novel autophagy regulators, which might benefit the development of novel autophagy associated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongmei Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuhe Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuhe Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tangxin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wensen Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,*Correspondence: Yongdui Ruan,
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Jun-Fa Xu,
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China,Jiang Pi,
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Bolat N, Erzurumlu Y, Aşcı H, Özmen Ö, Üreyen Kaya B. Selenium ameliorates inflammation by decreasing autophagic flux and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling on experimentally induced rat periapical lesions. Int Endod J 2023; 56:227-244. [PMID: 36314140 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIM To reveal the molecular mechanisms that targets mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and the autophagic flux and to investigate the possible effects of the systemic administration of selenium (Se) on experimentally induced rat periapical lesions. METHODOLOGY Thirty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into negative control, positive control and Se groups. In the positive control and Se groups, the pulp chambers of their mandibular first molars were exposed to the oral environment to induce periapical lesions The Se group received daily intraperitoneal injections of Se at a dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 . After 28 days, the amount of bone destruction; severity of inflammation; penetration of microorganisms along the root canal; collagen degradation in periodontal ligament; interleukin (IL)-6, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and caspase-3 expression; autophagic flux; and p38 MAPK signalling were evaluated using radiographic, histopathological, Gram staining, picrosirius red stain, immunohistochemical, quantitative real-time polymerase chain (qRT-PCR) and Western blot methods, respectively. These data were analysed through the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunnett's tests (p < .05). RESULTS The area of radiographic periapical bone loss, histopathological scores, the area of periapical bone loss and the scores for the bacteria localisation, the intensity of immunohistochemical staining for IL-6, HIF-1, COX-2 and caspase-3 in the Se group was significantly less than those of the positive control group (p < .01). The mRNA expression levels of Beclin-1, Atg3, Atg5, Atg7 and Atg16L1 were lower in the Se group than in the positive control group (p < .01). The protein expressions of Beclin-1, Atg5 and LC3-II, the phosphorylation ratio of the p38 MAPK and the ratios of LC3II/LC3I were significantly higher (p < .05) in the positive control and Se groups. On the contrary, the expression of the p62/SQSTM1 protein was significantly lower (p < .05) in the positive control and Se groups than in the negative control group. CONCLUSION The induction of periapical lesions in rats increased autophagic flux and activated p38 MAPK signal transduction processes. Se suppressed the inflammatory process, reduced bone destruction and both the autophagic flux and p38 MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nergiz Bolat
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Yalçin Erzurumlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Halil Aşcı
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Özlem Özmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Bulem Üreyen Kaya
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Zhou X, Liu K, Li J, Cui L, Dong J, Li J, Meng X, Zhu G, Wang H. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy enhances the survival of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine macrophages. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:412-421. [PMID: 36625039 PMCID: PMC9889626 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are involved in various metabolic processes, and damage to mitochondria can affect cell health and even lead to disease. Mitophagy is a mechanism by which cells selectively wrap and degrade damaged mitochondria to maintain cell homeostasis. However, studies have not focused on whether mitophagy is involved in the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-induced mastitis in dairy cows. Here, we found that S. aureus infection of bovine macrophages leads to oxidative damage and mitochondria damage. The expression of LC3, PINK1 and Parkin was significantly increased after intracellular infection. We observed changes in the morphology of mitochondria and the emergence of mitochondrial autolysosomes in bovine macrophages by transmission electron microscopy and found that enhanced mitophagy promoted bacterial proliferation in the cell. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that S. aureus infection of bovine macrophages induces mitophagy through the PINK1/Parkin pathway, and this mechanism is used by the bacteria to avoid macrophage-induced death. These findings provide new ideas and references for the prevention and treatment of S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Kangjun Liu
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Jianji Li
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Luying Cui
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Junsheng Dong
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Xia Meng
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
| | - Heng Wang
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of EducationYangzhouChina
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10
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Klapan K, Simon D, Karaulov A, Gomzikova M, Rizvanov A, Yousefi S, Simon HU. Autophagy and Skin Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:844756. [PMID: 35370701 PMCID: PMC8971629 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.844756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation system that involves the creation of autophagosomes, which eventually fuse with lysosomes and breakdown misfolded proteins and damaged organelles with their enzymes. Autophagy is widely known for its function in cellular homeostasis under physiological and pathological settings. Defects in autophagy have been implicated in the pathophysiology of a variety of human diseases. The new line of evidence suggests that autophagy is inextricably linked to skin disorders. This review summarizes the principles behind autophagy and highlights current findings of autophagy's role in skin disorders and strategies for therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Klapan
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Gomzikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Shida Yousefi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
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11
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Wu Y, Shi H, Xu Y, Pei J, Song S, Chen W, Xu S. Ebselen ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via enhancing autophagy in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1873-1885. [PMID: 35338455 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It brings unfavorable outcomes to the patients and leads to a considerable socioeconomic burden. The study of renal I/R injury is still one of the hot topics in the medical field. Ebselen is an organic selenide that attenuates I/R injury in various organs. However, its effect and related mechanism underlying renal I/R injury remains unclear. In this study, we established a rat model of renal I/R injury to study the preventive effect of ebselen on renal I/R injury and further explore the potential mechanism of its action. We found that ebselen pretreatment reduced renal dysfunction and tissue damage caused by renal I/R. In addition, ebselen enhanced autophagy and inhibited oxidative stress. Additionally, ebselen pretreatment activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. The protective effect of ebselen was suppressed by autophagy inhibitor wortmannin. In conclusion, ebselen could ameliorate renal I/R injury, probably by enhancing autophagy, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Wu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hua Shi
- Department of Urology, Tongren City People's Hospital, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuangao Xu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Pei
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shang Song
- Department of Urology, Tongren City People's Hospital, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuxiong Xu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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12
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Wang M, Fan Z, Han H. Autophagy in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:750222. [PMID: 34692566 PMCID: PMC8529010 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.750222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an invasive, facultative intracellular pathogen that can colonize niches in various host organisms, making it difficult for the host immune system to completely eliminate. Host autophagy is an intracellular clearance pathway involved in degrading S. aureus. Whereas the accessory gene regulatory system of S. aureus that controls virulence factors could resist the host immune defenses by evading and even utilizing autophagy. This article reviews the interaction between autophagy and S. aureus, providing insights on how to use these mechanisms to improve S. aureus infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyao Fan
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Pidwill GR, Gibson JF, Cole J, Renshaw SA, Foster SJ. The Role of Macrophages in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 11:620339. [PMID: 33542723 PMCID: PMC7850989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.620339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a member of the human commensal microflora that exists, apparently benignly, at multiple sites on the host. However, as an opportunist pathogen it can also cause a range of serious diseases. This requires an ability to circumvent the innate immune system to establish an infection. Professional phagocytes, primarily macrophages and neutrophils, are key innate immune cells which interact with S. aureus, acting as gatekeepers to contain and resolve infection. Recent studies have highlighted the important roles of macrophages during S. aureus infections, using a wide array of killing mechanisms. In defense, S. aureus has evolved multiple strategies to survive within, manipulate and escape from macrophages, allowing them to not only subvert but also exploit this key element of our immune system. Macrophage-S. aureus interactions are multifaceted and have direct roles in infection outcome. In depth understanding of these host-pathogen interactions may be useful for future therapeutic developments. This review examines macrophage interactions with S. aureus throughout all stages of infection, with special emphasis on mechanisms that determine infection outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace R. Pidwill
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Florey Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Josie F. Gibson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Florey Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Joby Cole
- Florey Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A. Renshaw
- Florey Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. Foster
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Florey Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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14
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Alder KD, Lee I, Munger AM, Kwon HK, Morris MT, Cahill SV, Back J, Yu KE, Lee FY. Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in bone and joint infections: A mechanism of disease recurrence, inflammation, and bone and cartilage destruction. Bone 2020; 141:115568. [PMID: 32745687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone and joint infections are devastating afflictions. Although medical interventions and advents have improved their care, bone and joint infections still portend dismal outcomes. Indeed, bone and joint infections are associated with extremely high mortality and morbidity rates and, generally, occur secondary to the aggressive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. The consequences of bone and joint infections are further compounded by the fact that although they are aggressively treated, they frequently recur and result in massive bone and articular cartilage loss. Here, we review the literature and chronicle the fact that the fundamental cellular components of the musculoskeletal system can be internally infected with Staphylococcus aureus, which explains the ready recurrence of bone and joint infections even after extensive administration of antibiotic therapy and debridement and offer potential treatment solutions for further study. Moreover, we review the ramifications of intracellular infection and expound that the massive bone and articular cartilage loss is caused by the sustained proinflammatory state induced by infection and offer potential combination therapies for further study to protect bone and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareme D Alder
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Inkyu Lee
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Alana M Munger
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Hyuk-Kwon Kwon
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Montana T Morris
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Sean V Cahill
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - JungHo Back
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Kristin E Yu
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopædics & Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 330 Cedar St, TMP 523, PO Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA.
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15
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Xu J, Yao H, Wang S, Li H, Hou X. Mangiferin Inhibits Apoptosis and Autophagy Induced by Staphylococcus aureus in RAW264.7 Cells. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:847-857. [PMID: 33177860 PMCID: PMC7650040 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s280091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important bacterial pathogen, which creates infective inflammation to human being and animals. Mangiferin (MG) is one of the natural flavonoids with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidative properties. However, the anti-apoptosis and anti-autophagy of MG are unknown. Hence, this study was aimed to research the inhibition of MG on S. aureus-induced apoptosis and autophagy in RAW264.7 cells. Methods The RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with MG, or pretreated with SP600125 or anisomycin synchronously, and then infected with S. aureus (MOI=100:1). The viability and proliferation status of RAW264.7 cells were detected by MTT and EdU assay. The relative expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 protein was tested with ELISA. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK), p38, LC3, Beclin-1, p62, phosphorylated JNK, phosphorylated p38 and phosphorylated ERK in cells were detected by Western blotting. The apoptosis rate of RAW264.7 cells was analyzed by flow cytometric assay. Results The study showed that MG significantly attenuated RAW264.7 cells apoptosis and autophagy caused by S. aureus. MG alleviated S. aureus-induced apoptosis by down-regulating the protein level of active caspase-3 and Bax and up-regulating the level of Bcl-2. MG also inhibited S. aureus-induced autophagy via decreasing the protein level of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 or increasing the protein expression of p62. This protective role was dependent on the up-regulation of JNK signal pathway, which was confirmed by using JNK agonist and inhibitor. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that MG might protect RAW264.7 cells from S. aureus-induced apoptosis and autophagy via inhibiting JNK/Bax-dependent signal pathway. Therefore, MG may be a potential agent against pathological cell damage induced by S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanrong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang J, Wieser A, Lin H, Li H, Hu M, Behrens IK, Schiergens TS, Gerbes AL, Steib CJ. Kupffer cell activation by different microbial lysates: Toll-like receptor-2 plays pivotal role on thromboxane A 2 production in mice and humans. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1988-1997. [PMID: 32618365 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thromboxane (TX) A2 has been identified as an important intrahepatic vasoconstrictor upon Kupffer cell (KC) activation during infections such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). The study aimed to investigate the role of TLRs in the TXA2 increase in liver nonparenchymal cells and their related mechanisms. Here, we identified TLR-2 as a common pathway for different microbials: microbial lysates including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi all increased TXA2 secretion via activation of TLR-2 in human KCs, accompanied by increased expression and phosphorylation of Myd88-related pathway. Of all TLR agonists, only TLR-1, -2, and -4 agonists increased TXA2 in human KCs. These results were further confirmed by mouse liver nonparenchymal cells. Comparing the effects of TLR-1, -2, and -4 antagonists, only TLR-2 antagonist showed inhibitory effects with all tested microbial lysates. Pretreatment with TLR-2 antagonist in human KCs blocked the secretion of IL-10, CXCL-10, TNF-α, and IL-6 induced by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial stimulation. IL-23 and IL-1β were only induced by Gram-negative bacteria. Thus, TLR-2 might be a potential marker and an attractive target for future treatment of patients with SBP. In addition, IL-23 and IL-1β might distinguish early between Gram-positive and Gram-negative SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhang
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Liver Centre Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wieser
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Liver Centre Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanwei Li
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Liver Centre Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moyan Hu
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ina-Kristin Behrens
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander L Gerbes
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Liver Centre Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian J Steib
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Liver Centre Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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