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Xing Z, Gao S, Zheng A, Tong C, Fang Y, Xiang Z, Chen S, Wang W, Hua C. Promising roles of combined therapy based on immune response and iron metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112481. [PMID: 38917527 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an intricate autoimmune disease with diverse manifestations. Immunometabolism reprogramming contributes to the progression of SLE by regulating the phenotype and function of immune cells. Dysregulated iron metabolism is implicated in SLE pathogenesis, affecting both systemic and immune cell-specific iron homeostasis. This review explores the systemic and cellular iron handling and regulation. Additionally, the advancements regarding iron metabolism in SLE with a focus on the distinct subsets of immune cells are highlighted. By gaining insight into the interplay between iron dysregulation and immune dysfunction, the potential therapeutic avenues may be unveiled. However, challenges remain in elucidating cell-specific iron metabolic reprogramming and its contribution to SLE pathogenesis needs further research for personalized therapeutic interventions and biomarker discovery. This review provides an in-depth understanding of immune cell-specific regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism and new insights in current challenges as well as possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhang Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Anzhe Zheng
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chuyan Tong
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Shaikh FS, Siegel RJ, Srivastava A, Fox DA, Ahmed S. Challenges and promise of targeting miRNA in rheumatic diseases: a computational approach to identify miRNA association with cell types, cytokines, and disease mechanisms. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1322806. [PMID: 38264662 PMCID: PMC10803576 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1322806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that alter the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level, influencing diverse outcomes in metabolism, cell differentiation, proliferation, cell survival, and cell death. Dysregulated miRNA expression is implicated in various rheumatic conditions, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS), gout, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), osteoarthritis (OA), psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis. For this review, we used an open-source programming language- PowerShell, to scan the massive number of existing primary research publications on PubMed on miRNAs in these nine diseases to identify and count unique co-occurrences of individual miRNAs and the disease name. These counts were used to rank the top seven most relevant immuno-miRs based on their research volume in each rheumatic disease. Individual miRNAs were also screened for publication with the names of immune cells, cytokines, and pathological processes involved in rheumatic diseases. These occurrences were tabulated into matrices to identify hotspots for research relevance. Based on this information, we summarize the basic and clinical findings for the top three miRNAs - miR-146, miR-155, and miR-21 - whose relevance spans across multiple rheumatic diseases. Furthermore, we highlight some unique miRNAs for each disease and why some rheumatic conditions lack research in this emerging epigenetics field. With the overwhelming number of publications on miRNAs in rheumatic diseases, this review serves as a 'relevance finder' to guide researchers in selecting miRNAs based on the compiled existing knowledge of their involvement in disease pathogenesis. This approach applies to other disease contexts with the end goal of developing miRNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farheen S. Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Ruby J. Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Aayush Srivastava
- Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - David A. Fox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, United States
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Zhou HY, Luo Q, Sui H, Du XN, Zhao YJ, Liu L, Guan Q, Zhou Y, Wen QS, Shi Y, Sun Y, Lin HL, Wang DP. Recent advances in the involvement of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 258:109857. [PMID: 38043757 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typical systemic autoimmune disease that manifests as skin rash, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, and multiple organ lesions. Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, mainly affect the function and characteristics of cells through the regulation of gene transcription or translation. Increasing evidence indicates that there are a variety of complex epigenetic effects in patients with SLE, which interfere with the differentiation and function of T, and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, and enhance the expression of SLE-associated pathogenic genes. This paper summarizes our currently knowledge regarding pathogenesis of SLE, and introduces current advances in the epigenetic regulation of SLE from three aspects: immune function, inflammatory response, and lupus complications. We propose that epigenetic changes could be used as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Du
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang-Jianing Zhao
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Collage of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing-Si Wen
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Li Lin
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- Nephrology Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Yue C, Wang W, Gao S, Ye J, Zhang T, Xing Z, Xie Y, Qian H, Zhou X, Li S, Yu A, Wang L, Wang J, Hua C. Agomir miRNA-150-5p alleviates pristane-induced lupus by suppressing myeloid dendritic cells activation and inflammation via TREM-1 axis. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01754-8. [PMID: 37326693 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has been shown to participate in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the detailed underlying mechanisms and therapeutic benefits by targeting TREM-1 remain elusive, especially in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Disorders of epigenetic processes including non-coding RNAs give rise to SLE, resulting in complicated syndromes. Here, we aim to address this issue and explore the miRNA to inhibit the activation of mDCs and alleviate the progress of SLE by targeting TREM-1 signal axis. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between patients with SLE and healthy individuals by four mRNA microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then we identified the expression of TREM-1 and its soluble form (sTREM-1) in clinical samples by ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Phenotypic and functional changes of mDCs elicited by TREM-1 agonist were determined. Three databases of miRNAs target prediction and a dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to screen and verify miRNAs that can directly inhibit TREM-1 expression in vitro. Moreover, pristane-induced lupus mice were injected with miR-150-5p agomir to evaluate the effects of miR-150-5p on mDCs in lymphatic organs and disease activity in vivo. RESULTS We screened TREM-1 as one of the hub genes closely correlated with the progression of SLE and identified sTREM-1 in serum as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for SLE. Moreover, activation of TREM-1 by its agonist promoted activation and chemotaxis of mDCs and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, showing higher expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. We showed that lupus mice displayed a unique miRNA signature in spleen, among which miR-150 was the most significantly expressed miRNA that targeting TREM-1 compared with wild type group. Transfection of miRNA-150-5p mimics directly suppressed the expression of TREM-1 by binding to its 3' UTR. Our in vivo experiments first indicated that administration of miR-150-5p agomir effectively ameliorated lupus symptoms. Intriguingly, miR-150 inhibited the over activation of mDCs through TREM-1 signal pathway in lymphatic organs and renal tissues. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 represents a potentially novel therapeutic target and we identify miR-150-5p as one of the mechanisms to alleviate lupus disease, which is attributable for inhibiting mDCs activation through TREM-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenran Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhouhang Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hengrong Qian
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xueyin Zhou
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuting Li
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Anni Yu
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianguang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Jiang Y, Jin X, Chi Z, Bai Y, Manthiram K, Mudd P, Zhu K, Wang L, Schwartzberg PL, Han Y, Gao X, Lu L, Xu Q. Protein phosphatase 2A propels follicular T helper cell development in lupus. J Autoimmun 2023; 136:103028. [PMID: 37001432 PMCID: PMC10327577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are important for generating humoral immune responses by helping B cells form germinal centers (GCs) and the production of high-affinity antibodies. However, aberrant Tfh cell expansion also contributes to the generation of self-reactive autoantibodies and promotes autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PP2A Cα) expression levels are elevated in peripheral T cells of SLE patients and positively correlate with autoantibody titers and disease activity. Here, we demonstrate a critical role of PP2A in Tfh differentiation by using T cell restricted PP2A Cα deficient mice. We observed impaired Tfh differentiation and GC response in two different classical Tfh induction models. Mechanistic studies revealed that downregulation of protein translation of the Tfh lineage transcription factor BCL6 in PP2A deficient T cells. Importantly, we found that PP2A deficiency by either gene knockout or chemical inhibition alleviated lupus severity in mice. Lastly, we confirmed a positive correlation between PP2A Cα and BCL6 protein levels in human CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE. In summary, our study revealed a critical role of PP2A in regulating Tfh cells and suggests it is a potential therapeutic target for lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xuexiao Jin
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Zhexu Chi
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, China; Department of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yadan Bai
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kaixiang Zhu
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yongmei Han
- Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study of the Ministry of Education, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, PR China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Qin Xu
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases. Front Med 2023; 17:43-57. [PMID: 36811762 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune-related skin diseases are a group of disorders with diverse etiology and pathophysiology involved in autoimmunity. Genetics and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these autoimmune disorders. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders are poorly understood, environmental variables that induce aberrant epigenetic regulations may provide some insights. Epigenetics is the study of heritable mechanisms that regulate gene expression without changing DNA sequences. The most important epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings regarding the function of epigenetic mechanisms in autoimmune-related skin disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous skin diseases, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. These findings will expand our understanding and highlight the possible clinical applications of precision epigenetics approaches.
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Wei X, Niu X. T follicular helper cells in autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun 2023; 134:102976. [PMID: 36525939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells with the phenotype of mainly expressing surface molecules C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), secreting cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) and requiring the transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) have been recently defined as a new subset of CD4+ T cells. They exist in germinal centers (GCs) of lymphoid organs and in peripheral blood. With the ability to promote B cell development, GC formation and antibody production, Tfh cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), etc. The aberrant proliferation and function of Tfh cells will cause the pathological process like autoantibody production and tissue injury. In this paper, we review the recent advances in Tfh cell biology and their roles in autoimmune diseases, with a mention of their use as therapeutic targets, which will shed more light on the pathogenesis and treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Wei
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Epigenetic Dysregulation in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:447-471. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xu N, Liu J, Li X. Lupus nephritis: The regulatory interplay between epigenetic and MicroRNAs. Front Physiol 2022; 13:925416. [PMID: 36187762 PMCID: PMC9523357 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.925416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, non-coding RNA molecules that act as epigenetic modifiers to regulate the protein levels of target messenger RNAs without altering their genetic sequences. The highly complex role of miRNAs in the epigenetics of lupus nephritis (LN) is increasingly being recognized. DNA methylation and histone modifications are focal points of epigenetic research. miRNAs play a critical role in renal development and physiology, and dysregulation may result in abnormal renal cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis of the kidneys in LN. However, epigenetic and miRNA-mediated regulation are not mutually exclusive. Further research has established a link between miRNA expression and epigenetic regulation in various disorders, including LN. This review summarizes the most recent evidence regarding the interaction between miRNAs and epigenetics in LN and highlights potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangling Li,
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Tan H, Tong X, Gao Z, Xu Y, Tan L, Zhang W, Xiang R, Xu Y. The hMeDIP-Seq identified INPP4A as a novel biomarker for eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Epigenomics 2022; 14:757-775. [PMID: 35765979 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) is an endotype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps characterized by more severe symptoms, a stronger association with asthma and a greater recurrence risk. It is unknown whether DNA hydroxymethylation could influence ECRSwNP. Methods: Hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing was carried out in three distinct groups (control, ECRSwNP and NECRSwNP). Additional qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve were performed. Results: Between ECRSwNP and NECRSwNP, 26 genes exhibited differential DNA hydroxymethylation. Consistent with their hydroxymethylation level, GNAL, INPP4A and IRF4 expression levels were significantly different between ECRSwNP and the other two groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that INPP4A mRNA has a high predictive accuracy for ECRSwNP. Conclusion: DNA hydroxymethylation regulates the expression of multiple genes in ECRSwNP. INPP4A mRNA was markedly decreased in ECRSwNP polyps and can predict ECRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoting Tong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ziang Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
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Scindia Y, Mehrad B, Morel L. Labile iron accumulation augments T follicular helper cell differentiation. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:159472. [PMID: 35499081 PMCID: PMC9057622 DOI: 10.1172/jci159472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells that are essential in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Notably, iron is required for activated CD4+ T lymphocytes to sustain high proliferation and metabolism. In this issue of the JCI, Gao et al. showed that CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE accumulated iron, augmenting their differentiation into Tfh cells and correlating with disease activity. Using human cells and murine models, the authors demonstrated that miR-21 was overexpressed in lupus T cells and inhibited 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase-2 (BDH2). The subsequent loss of BDH2 drove labile iron to accumulate in the cytoplasm and promoted TET enzyme activity, BCL6 gene demethylation, and Tfh cell differentiation. This work identifies a role for iron in CD4+ T cell biology and the development of pathogenic effectors in SLE. We await future investigations that could determine whether modulating iron levels could regulate Tfh cells in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Scindia
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine and
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