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Zheng WC, Lin F, Qiu QRS, Wu YP, Ke ZB, Chen SH, Chen DN, Zheng QS, Wei Y, Xue XY, Xu N. Environmental explanation of prostate cancer progression based on the comprehensive analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174870. [PMID: 39029755 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have caused great environmental concerns. The study aims to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms between PCBs exposure and prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS To investigate the association between PCBs exposure and prostate cancer by using CTD, TCGA, and GEO datasets. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted to explore pathways associated with PCBs-related genes (PRGs). Using Lasso regression analysis, a novel PCBs-related prognostic model was developed. Both internal and external validations were conducted to assess the model's validity. Molecular docking was utilized to assess the binding capacity of PCBs to crucial genes. At last, preliminary experimental validations were conducted to confirm the biological roles of Aroclor 1254 in PCa cells. RESULTS The GO enrichment analysis of PRGs revealed that the biological processes were most enriched in the regulation of transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter and signal transduction. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that of the pathways in cancer is the most significantly enriched. Next, a PCBs-related model was constructed. In the training, test, GSE70770, and GSE116918 cohorts, the biochemical recurrences free survival of the patients with high-risk scores was considerably lower. The AUCs at 5 years were 0.691, 0.718, 0.714, and 0.672 in the four cohorts, demonstrating the modest predictive ability. A nomogram that incorporated clinical characteristics was constructed. The results of the anti-cancer drug sensitivity analysis show chemotherapy might be more beneficial for patients at low risk. The molecular docking analysis demonstrated PCBs' ability to bind to crucial genes. PCa cells exposed to Aroclor 1254 at a concentration of 1 μM showed increased proliferation and invasion capabilities. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the function of PCBs in PCa and accentuates the need for deeper exploration into the mechanistic links between PCBs exposure and PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cai Zheng
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Qian-Ren-Shun Qiu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Dong-Ning Chen
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Qing-Shui Zheng
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Department of Urology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
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Gatenby RA, Luddy KA, Teer JK, Berglund A, Freischel AR, Carr RM, Lam AE, Pienta KJ, Amend SR, Austin RH, Hammarlund EU, Cleveland JL, Tsai KY, Brown JS. Lung adenocarcinomas without driver genes converge to common adaptive strategies through diverse genetic, epigenetic, and niche construction evolutionary pathways. Med Oncol 2024; 41:135. [PMID: 38704802 PMCID: PMC11070398 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Somatic evolution selects cancer cell phenotypes that maximize survival and proliferation in dynamic environments. Although cancer cells are molecularly heterogeneous, we hypothesized convergent adaptive strategies to common host selection forces can be inferred from patterns of epigenetic and genetic evolutionary selection in similar tumors. We systematically investigated gene mutations and expression changes in lung adenocarcinomas with no common driver genes (n = 313). Although 13,461 genes were mutated in at least one sample, only 376 non-synonymous mutations evidenced positive evolutionary selection with conservation of 224 genes, while 1736 and 2430 genes exhibited ≥ two-fold increased and ≥ 50% decreased expression, respectively. Mutations under positive selection are more frequent in genes with significantly altered expression suggesting they often "hardwire" pre-existing epigenetically driven adaptations. Conserved genes averaged 16-fold higher expression in normal lung tissue compared to those with selected mutations demonstrating pathways necessary for both normal cell function and optimal cancer cell fitness. The convergent LUAD phenotype exhibits loss of differentiated functions and cell-cell interactions governing tissue organization. Conservation with increased expression is found in genes associated with cell cycle, DNA repair, p53 pathway, epigenetic modifiers, and glucose metabolism. No canonical driver gene pathways exhibit strong positive selection, but extensive down-regulation of membrane ion channels suggests decreased transmembrane potential may generate persistent proliferative signals. NCD LUADs perform niche construction generating a stiff, immunosuppressive microenvironment through selection of specific collagens and proteases. NCD LUADs evolve to a convergent phenotype through a network of interconnected genetic, epigenetic, and ecological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Gatenby
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Kimberly A Luddy
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jamie K Teer
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | | | - Ryan M Carr
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | | | - Kenneth J Pienta
- Cancer Ecology Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sarah R Amend
- Cancer Ecology Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Emma U Hammarlund
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Departments of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Joel S Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology and Evolution, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Lu Y, Chen Q, Zhu S, Gong X. Hypoxia promotes immune escape of pancreatic cancer cells by lncRNA NNT-AS1/METTL3-HuR-mediated ITGB1 m 6A modification. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113764. [PMID: 37659467 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) cell immune escape is a crucial element in PC malignant development. Some previous studies have reported that LncRNA NNT-AS1 played a carcinogenic role in various tumors. However, the effect of lncRNA NNT-AS1 in PC cell immune escape remains unclear. To evaluate PC cell immune escape, PC cells were co-cultured with CD8+ T cells under a hypoxic condition. PC cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using the colony formation assay and transwell assay. CD8+ T cell proliferation and aoptosis were measured using the carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) assay and flow cytometry. The secretion of antitumor cytokines was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The molecular interactions were analyzed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), or dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. A tumor xenograft model was established to evaluate the effects of lncRNA NNT-AS1 on PC in vivo. It was found that lncRNA NNT-AS1 was highly expressed in PC, and its silencing inhibited hypoxia-induced PC cell growth and immune escape in vivo and in vitro. Mechanically, HIF-1α transcriptionally activated NNT-AS1 expression and NNT-AS1 increased ITGB1 stability and expression in a METTL3-HuR dependent manner. ITGB1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of NNT-AS1 knockdown on hypoxia-induced PC cell immune escape. In conclusion, Hypoxia promoted PC cell immune escape through lncRNA NNT-AS1/METTL3-HuR-mediated m6A modification to increase ITGB1 expression, which provided a theoretical foundation and a potential therapeutic target for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebin Lu
- Pancreas Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qizhen Chen
- Pancreas Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Pancreas Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Pancreas Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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The EPH/Ephrin System in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): From Pathogenesis to Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033015. [PMID: 36769332 PMCID: PMC9917762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a major concern for health care systems worldwide, since its mortality remains unaltered despite the surge in cutting-edge science. The EPH/ephrin signaling system was first investigated in the 1980s. EPH/ephrins have been shown to exert bidirectional signaling and cell-to-cell communication, influencing cellular morphology, adhesion, migration and invasion. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of the EPH/ephrin system in various physiologic processes, including cellular proliferation, survival, synaptic plasticity and angiogenesis. Thus, it has become evident that the EPH/ephrin signaling system may have compelling effects on cell homeostasis that contribute to carcinogenesis. In particular, the EPH/ephrins have an impact on pancreatic morphogenesis and development, whereas several EPHs and ephrins are altered in PDAC. Several clinical and preclinical studies have attempted to elucidate the effects of the EPH/ephrin pathway, with multilayered effects on PDAC development. These studies have highlighted its highly promising role in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic management of PDAC. The aim of this review is to explore the obscure aspects of the EPH/ephrin system concerning the development, physiology and homeostasis of the pancreas.
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Psilopatis I, Karniadakis I, Danos KS, Vrettou K, Michaelidou K, Mavridis K, Agelaki S, Theocharis S. May EPH/Ephrin Targeting Revolutionize Lung Cancer Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010093. [PMID: 36613532 PMCID: PMC9820524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptors (EPHs) comprise the largest receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) family in mammals. EPHs along with their ligands, EPH-family receptor-interacting proteins (ephrins), have been found to be either up- or downregulated in LC cells, hence exhibiting a defining role in LC carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In their capacity as membrane-bound molecules, EPHs/ephrins may represent feasible targets in the context of precision cancer treatment. In order to investigate available therapeutics targeting the EPH/ephrin system in LC, a literature review was conducted, using the MEDLINE, LIVIVO, and Google Scholar databases. EPHA2 is the most well-studied EPH/ephrin target in LC treatment. The targeting of EPHA2, EPHA3, EPHA5, EPHA7, EPHB4, EPHB6, ephrin-A1, ephrin-A2, ephrin-B2, and ephrin-B3 in LC cells or xenograft models not only directly correlates with a profound LC suppression but also enriches the effects of well-established therapeutic regimens. However, the sole clinical trial incorporating a NSCLC patient could not describe objective anti-cancer effects after anti-EPHA2 antibody administration. Collectively, EPHs/ephrins seem to represent promising treatment targets in LC. However, large clinical trials still need to be performed, with a view to examining the effects of EPH/ephrin targeting in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iason Psilopatis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Gynecology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ioannis Karniadakis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, “Laiko” General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stylianos Danos
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kleio Vrettou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kleita Michaelidou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Herakleion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013 Herakleion, Greece
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Herakleion, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Herakleion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Herakleion, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (S.T.)
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Bld 10, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (S.T.)
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CMaf-Inducing Protein Promotes LUAD Proliferation and Metastasis by Activating the MAPK/ERK Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2501846. [PMID: 36159575 PMCID: PMC9492370 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2501846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have shown that cMaf-inducing protein (CMIP) promotes tumorigenesis and progression, however, the role of CMIP in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its molecular mechanism remain unclear. Methods In this study, the Human Protein Atlas and Kaplan–Meier Plotter database were used to analyze the expression and prognostic value of CMIP in LUAD. Then, the expression levels of CMIP in LUAD tissues and cells were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The lentiviral vector was used to establish a stable transfected cell line, and the transfection efficiency was detected by qRT-PCR. MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and wound healing assay were used to evaluate the function of CMIP in LUAD. In addition, the effect of CMIP on the MAPK/ERK pathway in LUAD cells was analyzed by western blot. Results The expression level of CMIP was significantly increased in LUAD cell and tissue samples, and the high expression of CMIP was associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in LUAD patients. In vitro experiments showed that CMIP overexpression significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells. CMIP knockout significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of H1299 cells. In addition, it was observed that the expression levels of the MAPK/ERK pathway-related proteins were significantly increased in CMIP-overexpressed A549 cells, and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while U0126 could significantly reverse the activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway by CMIP overexpression, and inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells. Conclusion Our study shows that CMIP, as an oncogene, is associated with poor patient prognosis, and may promote the proliferation and metastasis of LUAD by activating the MAPK/ERK pathway. Therefore, CMIP may be a new potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
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