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Zhang H, Wang Z, Li J, Jia Y, Li F. Timing, initiation and function: An in-depth exploration of the interaction network among neutrophil extracellular traps related genes in acute pancreatitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112923. [PMID: 39137629 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exogenous inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was believed to alleviate acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to comprehensively explore the key biological behavior of NETs including timing and pathogenesis in AP by integrating of single cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA-seq. METHODS Differentially expressed NETs-related genes and the hub genes of NETs were screened by bulk RNA-seq. ScRNA-seq was used to identify the cell types in pancreas of AP mice and to depict the transcriptomic maps in neutrophils. The mouse AP models were build to verify the timing of initiation of NETs and underlying pathogenesis of damage on pancreas acinar cells. RESULTS Tlr4 and Ccl3 were screened for hub genes by bulk RNA-seq. The trajectory analysis of neutrophils showed that high expression of Ccl3, Cybb and Padi4 can be observed in the middle stage during AP. Macrophages might be essential in the biological behavior of neutrophils and NETs. Through animal models, we presented that extensive NETs structures were formed at mid-stage of inflammation, accompanied by more serious pancreas and lung damage. NETs might promote necroptosis and macrophage infiltration in AP, and the damage on pancreatic injury could be regulated by Tlr4 pathway. Ccl3 was considered to recruit neutrophils and promote NETs formation. CONCLUSION The findings explored the underlying timing and pathogenesis of NETs in AP for the first time, which provided gene targets for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuchen Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Yuan T, Yang HY, Li YP, Shi ZJ, Zhou ZY, You YP, Ke HY, Yan L, Xu LH, Ouyang DY, He XH, Zha QB. Scutellarin inhibits inflammatory PANoptosis by diminishing mitochondrial ROS generation and blocking PANoptosome formation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112710. [PMID: 39029229 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
PANoptosis is manifested with simultaneous activation of biomarkers for both pyroptotic, apoptotic and necroptotic signaling via the molecular platform PANoptosome and it is involved in pathologies of various inflammatory diseases including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Scutellarin is a flavonoid isolated from herbal Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. and has been shown to possess multiple pharmacological effects, but it is unknown whether scutellarin has any effects on PANoptosis and related inflammatory diseases. In this study, we found that scutellarin inhibited cell death in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and J774A.1 cells treated with TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) inhibitor 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (OXO) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which has been commonly used to induce PANoptosis. Western blotting showed that scutellarin dose-dependently inhibited the activation biomarkers for pyroptotic (Caspase-1p10 and GSDMD-NT), apoptotic (cleaved Casp3/8/9 and GSDME-NT), and necroptotic (phosphorylated MLKL) signaling. The inhibitory effect of scutellarin was unaffected by NLRP3 or Caspase-1 deletion. Interestingly, scutellarin blocked the assembly of PANoptosome that encompasses ASC, RIPK3, Caspase-8 and ZBP1, suggesting its action on upstream signaling. Consistent with this, scutellarin inhibited mitochondrial damage and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation in cells treated with OXO+LPS. Further, mito-TEMPO that can scavenge mtROS significantly inhibited OXO+LPS-induced PANoptotic cell death. In line with the in vitro results, scutellarin markedly alleviated systemic inflammation, multiple organ injury, and activation of PANoptotic biomarkers in mice with HLH. Collectively, our data suggest that scutellarin can inhibit PANoptosis by suppressing mitochondrial damage and mtROS generation and thereby mitigating multiple organ injury in mice with inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ya-Ping Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zi-Jian Shi
- Department of Fetal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Ya Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Ping You
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hua-Yu Ke
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong-Yun Ouyang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China.
| | - Qing-Bing Zha
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Fetal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China.
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Liu Q, Gu X, Liu X, Gu Y, Zhang H, Yang J, Huang Z. Long-chain fatty acids - The turning point between 'mild' and 'severe' acute pancreatitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31296. [PMID: 38828311 PMCID: PMC11140623 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by localized pancreatic injury and a systemic inflammatory response. Fatty acids (FAs), produced during the breakdown of triglycerides (TGs) in blood and peripancreatic fat, escalate local pancreatic inflammation to a systemic level by damaging pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and triggering M1 macrophage polarization. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of lipases' roles in the onset and progression of AP, as well as the effects of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) on the function of pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). Abnormalities in the function of PACs include Ca2+ overload, premature trypsinogen activation, protein kinase C (PKC) expression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction. The study highlights the contribution of long-chain saturated fatty acids (LC-SFAs), especially palmitic acid (PA), to M1 macrophage polarization through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, we investigated lipid lowering therapy for AP. This review establishes a theoretical foundation for pro-inflammatory mechanisms associated with FAs in AP and facilitating drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Hospital & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaodie Liu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongchen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Hospital & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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4
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Zhou Y, Huang X, Jin Y, Qiu M, Ambe PC, Basharat Z, Hong W. The role of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns in acute pancreatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116690. [PMID: 38718519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. Current treatments remain unspecific and supportive due to the severity and clinical course of AP, which can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably. Mitochondria, cellular power plant to produce energy, are involved in a variety of physiological or pathological activities in human body. There is a growing evidence indicating that mitochondria damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) play an important role in pathogenesis and progression of AP. With the pro-inflammatory properties, released mtDAMPs may damage pancreatic cells by binding with receptors, activating downstream molecules and releasing inflammatory factors. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and mtDAMPs, which include cytochrome c (Cyt c), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cardiolipin (CL), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate, with focus on experimental research and potential therapeutic targets in clinical practice. Preventing or diminishing the release of mtDAMPs or targeting the mtDAMPs receptors might have a role in AP progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhao Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter C Ambe
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral Surgery and Coloproctology, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Hospital Bensberg, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Str. 20-24, Bensberg 51429, Germany
| | | | - Wandong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Bai Y, Qiao Y, Li M, Yang W, Chen H, Wu Y, Zhang H. RIPK1 inhibitors: A key to unlocking the potential of necroptosis in drug development. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116123. [PMID: 38199165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Within the field of medical science, there is a great deal of interest in investigating cell death pathways in the hopes of discovering new drugs. Over the past two decades, pharmacological research has focused on necroptosis, a cell death process that has just been discovered. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), an essential regulator in the cell death receptor signalling pathway, has been shown to be involved in the regulation of important events, including necrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis. Therefore, researching necroptosis inhibitors offers novel ways to treat a variety of disorders that are not well-treated by the therapeutic medications now on the market. The research and medicinal potential of RIPK1 inhibitors, a promising class of drugs, are thoroughly examined in this study. The journey from the discovery of Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) to the recent advancements in RIPK1 inhibitors is marked by significant progress, highlighting the integration of traditional medicinal chemistry approaches with modern technologies like high-throughput screening and DNA-encoded library technology. This review presents a thorough exploration of the development and therapeutic potential of RIPK1 inhibitors, a promising class of compounds. Simultaneously, this review highlights the complex roles of RIPK1 in various pathological conditions and discusses potential inhibitors discovered through diverse pathways, emphasizing their efficacy against multiple disease models, providing significant guidance for the expansion of knowledge about RIPK1 and its inhibitors to develop more selective, potent, and safe therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yujun Qiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Wenzhen Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Haile Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117544, Singapore.
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6
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Patankar JV, Bubeck M, Acera MG, Becker C. Breaking bad: necroptosis in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203903. [PMID: 37409125 PMCID: PMC10318896 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A delicate balance between programmed cell death and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) exists in the gut to maintain homeostasis. Homeostatic cell death programs such as anoikis and apoptosis ensure the replacement of dead epithelia without overt immune activation. In infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases of the gut, this balance is invariably disturbed by increased levels of pathologic cell death. Pathological forms of cell death such as necroptosis trigger immune activation barrier dysfunction, and perpetuation of inflammation. A leaky and inflamed gut can thus become a cause of persistent low-grade inflammation and cell death in other organs of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as the liver and the pancreas. In this review, we focus on the advances in the molecular and cellular understanding of programmed necrosis (necroptosis) in tissues of the GI tract. In this review, we will first introduce the reader to the basic molecular aspects of the necroptosis machinery and discuss the pathways leading to necroptosis in the GI system. We then highlight the clinical significance of the preclinical findings and finally evaluate the different therapeutic approaches that attempt to target necroptosis against various GI diseases. Finally, we review the recent advances in understanding the biological functions of the molecules involved in necroptosis and the potential side effects that may occur due to their systemic inhibition. This review is intended to introduce the reader to the core concepts of pathological necroptotic cell death, the signaling pathways involved, its immuno-pathological implications, and its relevance to GI diseases. Further advances in our ability to control the extent of pathological necroptosis will provide better therapeutic opportunities against currently intractable GI and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marvin Bubeck
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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