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Bernaerts S, Lindner P. Editorial: Digital tools for relaxation and stress management: use, effectiveness and implementation. Front Digit Health 2024; 6:1366065. [PMID: 38357639 PMCID: PMC10864644 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1366065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Bernaerts
- Psychology and Technology, Centre of Expertise Care and Well-Being, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philip Lindner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ilioudi M, Wallström S, Steingrimsson S, Lindner P, Thunström AO, Ali L. Patient experience of a virtual reality calm room in a psychiatric inpatient care setting in Sweden: a qualitative study with inpatients. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076285. [PMID: 38101823 PMCID: PMC10729110 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calm rooms have been developed and implemented in psychiatric inpatient care settings to offer patients a dedicated space for relaxation in a convenient and safe environment. Recent technology developments have enabled virtual reality (VR) equivalents of calm rooms that can be feasibly deployed in psychiatric care settings. While research has shown VR environments to be efficacious in inducing relaxation, little is known how these virtual calm rooms are perceived by patients. The aim of this study was to elucidate patient experiences of using a VR calm room in a psychiatric inpatient setting. DESIGN Qualitative interview study. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using qualitive inductive content analysis, which focuses on the interpretation of texts for making replicable and valid inferences. SETTING Swedish hospital psychiatric inpatient care setting with a wireless, three degrees-of-freedom VR head-mounted display running a calm room application simulating nature environment. PARTICIPANTS 20 adult patients (12 women) with bipolar disorder (n=18) or unipolar depression (n=2). RESULTS Participants experienced the use of the VR calm room as having a positive impact on them, inducing awareness, calmness and well-being. They were thankful to be offered a non-pharmacological alternative for anxiety relief. Participants also expressed that they had some concerns about how they would react emotionally before using the VR device. However, after use, they highlighted that their overall experience was positive. They also expressed that they could see potential for further development of VR technology in psychiatric care. CONCLUSIONS VR technology has the potential to solve pressing logistic issues in offering calm rooms in psychiatric inpatient care. VR calm rooms appear to be appreciated by psychiatric inpatients, who value their accessibility, convenience and variety of modalities offered. Participants perceived an increase in their well-being after use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ilioudi
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatric Department, Goteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gotheborg, Sweden
| | - Sara Wallström
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatric Department, Goteborg, Sweden
- Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Steinn Steingrimsson
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatric Department, Goteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Philip Lindner
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Almira Osmanovic Thunström
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Lilas Ali
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatric Department, Goteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gotheborg, Sweden
- Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mostafa MM. A one-hundred-year structural topic modeling analysis of the knowledge structure of international management research. QUALITY & QUANTITY 2022; 57:1-31. [PMID: 36249708 PMCID: PMC9549032 DOI: 10.1007/s11135-022-01548-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
International Management is a vast and multidisciplinary research domain that is heavily influenced by several other disciplines, such as Economics, Organizational Theory and Strategic Management. Based on 28,973 research articles, this study aims to analyze the knowledge structure of the international management domain from 1920 to 2019. Using computational text-based topic modeling analysis, we trace the evolution of international management knowledge by examining the major academic topics/latent themes discussed in the field. The study also diachronically visualizes the variations in topic prevalence over time. Our methodology is akin to "inductive mapping" as it is neither biased by our position nor it is guided by assumptions related to the topics we expect to find. Results indicate the existence of a wide variety of important research foci in the domain of international management. These include, among others, strategic alliances formation, international entry modes, corporate social responsibility, cross-cultural consumer behavior, technological innovation and entrepreneurship. Results also show that some topics such as "financial risk and return on investment" and "corporate social responsibility" show a declining time trend, indicating that academic research focusing on such topics was more likely to be published early on and less so recently. On the other hand, other topics such as "Emerging (East) Asian nations" and "global mergers and acquisitions" show an increasing trend, indicating that more papers were published recently. Taken together, although our findings might reflect the breadth and depth of research in international management, they might also suggest that the bounds of this field are not well defined.
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Iloudi M, Lindner P, Ali L, Wallström S, Thunström AO, Ioannou M, Anving N, Johansson V, Hamilton W, Falk Ö, Steingrimsson S. Physical Versus Virtual Reality-based Calm Rooms for Psychiatric Inpatients: a Quasi-randomized Trial (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 25:e42365. [DOI: 10.2196/42365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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Slater M, Cabriera C, Senel G, Banakou D, Beacco A, Oliva R, Gallego J. The sentiment of a virtual rock concert. VIRTUAL REALITY 2022; 27:651-675. [PMID: 36034584 PMCID: PMC9396608 DOI: 10.1007/s10055-022-00685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We created a virtual reality version of a 1983 performance by Dire Straits, this being a highly complex scenario consisting of both the virtual band performance and the appearance and behaviour of the virtual audience surrounding the participants. Our goal was to understand the responses of participants, and to learn how this type of scenario might be improved for later reconstructions of other concerts. To understand the responses of participants we carried out two studies which used sentiment analysis of texts written by the participants. Study 1 (n = 25) (Beacco et al. in IEEE Virtual Reality: 538-545, 2021) had the unexpected finding that negative sentiment was caused by the virtual audience, where e.g. some participants were fearful of being harassed by audience members. In Study 2 (n = 26) notwithstanding some changes, the audience again led to negative sentiment-e.g. a feeling of being stared at. For Study 2 we compared sentiment with questionnaire scores, finding that the illusion of being at the concert was associated with positive sentiment for males but negative for females. Overall, we found sentiment was dominated by responses to the audience rather than the band. Participants had been placed in an unusual situation, being alone at a concert, surrounded by strangers, who seemed to pose a social threat for some of them. We relate our findings to the concept of Plausibility, the illusion that events and situations in the VR are really happening. The results indicate high Plausibility, since the negative sentiment, for example in response to being started at, only makes sense if the events are experienced as actually happening. We conclude with the need for co-design of VR scenarios, and the use of sentiment analysis in this process, rather than sole reliance on concepts proposed by researchers, typically expressed through questionnaires, which may not reflect the experiences of participants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10055-022-00685-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mel Slater
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Cabriera
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gizem Senel
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domna Banakou
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Beacco
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Oliva
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Gallego
- Event Lab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Seon Q, Mady N, Yang M, Karia M, Lashley M, Sescu C, Lalonde M, Puskas S, Outerbridge J, Parent-Racine E, Pagiatakis C, Gomez-Cardona L, Yiang D, Bouchard S, Linnaranta O. A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (VR-CBT) for and with Inuit in Quebec - a protocol for a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 12:e40236. [DOI: 10.2196/40236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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de Zambotti M, Yuksel D, Kiss O, Barresi G, Arra N, Volpe L, King C, Baker FC. A virtual reality-based mind–body approach to downregulate psychophysiological arousal in adolescent insomnia. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221107887. [PMID: 35733879 PMCID: PMC9208061 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we describe the rationale, supported by preliminary data, for a novel, digital, immersive virtual reality (VR)-based mind–body approach, designed to reduce bedtime arousal in adolescents with insomnia. Methods Fifty-two high-school students (16–20 years; 32 female) with ( N = 18) and without ( N = 34) DSM-5 insomnia symptoms engaged with 20 min of immersive VR-guided meditation and paced breathing (0.1 Hz) ( intervention condition) and 20 min of quiet activity ( control condition), right before bedtime, on two separate evenings. Results The intervention resulted in acute autonomic and cortical modulation ( p < 0.05), leading to reduced physiological arousal (↓heart rate, ↓cortisol) compared with the control condition, with similar effects in adolescents with and without insomnia. No significant changes were detected for cognitive arousal levels. During the intervention, all participants were able to achieve the targeted 0.1 Hz breathing rate, and the majority experienced no discomfort associated with the VR exposure. However, 30–40% of the participants experienced some trouble slowing down their breathing. Conclusions The study provides supporting preliminary evidence for the mechanism behind a novel VR-based digital approach, designed to regulate psychophysiological arousal levels by acting on neurocognitive and autonomic pathways. Further studies (e.g. randomized clinical trials) are needed to evaluate the isolated and synergistic effects of its components (e.g. VR vs. VR + paced breathing), and its efficacy, acceptance, and feasibility in alleviating insomnia symptoms in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilara Yuksel
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Giacinto Barresi
- Rehab Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Arra
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Laila Volpe
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Christopher King
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Pediatric Pain Research Center (PPRC), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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