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Habboush S, Elmoursi A, Gadelmawla AF, Masoud AT, Khalil M, Sheashaa H, Merza N, Massoud AT. Transvenous Compared With Leadless Pacemakers: A meta-analysis comparing TP versus LP. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00202. [PMID: 38299806 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of leadless pacemakers (LPs) and transvenous pacemakers and to examine the safety of both methods. We included patients undergoing single-chamber pacemaker implantation, either LP or TVP. Our outcomes were successful implantation rate, major complication, vascular injury, tamponade, and pneumothorax. We performed a double-arm analysis comparing LP versus TVP, with risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval. A total of 10 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding efficacy endpoints, RR revealed no significant difference between the LP and transvenous pacemaker groups in terms of successful rate of implantation (RR = 1.00; P = 0.77). Regarding safety outcomes, LP experienced lower incidence of major complications (RR = 0.47; P = 0.01), infection (RR = 0.24; P = 0.001), and tamponade (RR = 0.36; P = 0.01). There was no significant difference between both groups regarding pneumothorax (RR = 0.35; P = 0.22) and vascular injury (RR = 1.55; P = 0.25). The study findings suggest that both LPs and TVPs have similar effectiveness. Moreover, the incidences of pneumothorax, vascular injuries, and major complications were found to be comparable between the 2 methods. However, LPs were found to have lower rates of infection and tamponade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Habboush
- From the Department of cardiology, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elmoursi
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ahmed F Gadelmawla
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Amr T Masoud
- Department of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Khalil
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Hesham Sheashaa
- Internal Medicine Department, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH
| | - Nooraldin Merza
- Internal Medicine Department, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH
| | - Ahmed T Massoud
- Department of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Shtembari J, Shrestha DB, Awal S, Raut A, Gyawali P, Abe T, Patel NK, Deshmukh A, Voruganti D, Bhave PD, Whalen P, Pothineni NVK, Shantha G. Comparative assessment of safety with leadless pacemakers compared to transvenous pacemakers: a systemic review and meta-analysis. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2023; 66:2165-2175. [PMID: 37106267 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-023-01550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leadless pacemakers (LP) and transvenous pacemakers (TVP) are two stable pacing platforms currently available in clinical practice. Observational data show mixed results with regards to their comparative safety. This meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the comparative safety of LP over TVP. METHODS The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO registry (CRD42022325376). Six databases were searched for published literature from inception to April 12, 2022. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for statistical analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and mean difference were used to estimate the outcome with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 879 studies were imported from the databases. Among these, 41 papers were screened for full text and 17 meet the inclusion criteria. Among them, pooled results showed 42% lower odds of occurrence of complications in the LP group (OR 0.58, CI 0.42-0.80) compared to TVP group. Notably, 70% lower odds of device dislodgment (OR 0.30, CI 0.21-0.43), 46% lower odds of re-intervention (OR 0.54, CI 0.45-0.64), 87% lower odds of pneumothorax (OR 0.13, CI 0.03-0.57), albeit, 2.65 times higher odds of pericardial effusion (OR 2.65, CI 1.49-4.70) were observed in the LP group. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis showed LP to be a significantly safer modality compared to TVP, in terms of re-intervention, device dislodgment, pneumothoraxes, and overall complications. However, there were higher rates of pericardial effusion in the LP group. There was a diverse number of patients included, and all studies were observational. Randomized trials are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Shtembari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Shila Awal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suryabinayak Municipal Hospital, Suryabinayak, Nepal
| | - Anuradha Raut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nepal Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Pratik Gyawali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Om Saibaba Memorial Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Temidayo Abe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nimesh K Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Abhishek Deshmukh
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dinesh Voruganti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Prashant Dattatraya Bhave
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Whalen
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Ghanshyam Shantha
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
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Gangannapalle M, Monday O, Rawat A, Nwoko UA, Mandal AK, Babur M, Khan TJ, Palleti SK. Comparison of Safety of Leadless Pacemakers and Transvenous Pacemakers: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e45086. [PMID: 37842352 PMCID: PMC10568652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pacemakers have been accessible for six decades, and clearly defined criteria for pacemaker implantation have been established. Within the contemporary clinical practice, two dependable pacing platforms exist leadless pacemakers and transvenous pacemakers. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the safety of leadless pacemakers to transvenous pacemakers. This meta-analysis adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 framework. A comprehensive and systematic search was conducted across various databases including Scopus, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, spanning from inception to August 15, 2023. The primary outcomes assessed in this meta-analysis were total complications, all-cause mortality, and device-related complications. Furthermore, secondary outcomes evaluated encompassed the need for reintervention, occurrences of pneumothorax, pericardial effusion, endocarditis, hemothorax, and hematoma. Total 17 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The findings of this study showed that patients with leadless pacemakers had a lower risk of total complications, device-related complications, pneumothorax, and endocarditis. The risk of reintervention was significantly lower in the leadless pacemaker group. However, compared to a transvenous pacemaker, the risk of pericardial effusion was significantly higher in the leadless pacemaker group. It is important to acknowledge the limitations arising from the lack of extensive long-term follow-up data for leadless pacemakers. As technology evolves, continued research will be essential in uncovering the full spectrum of prolonged complications associated with these devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Obinna Monday
- Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University, Norwich, GBR
| | - Anurag Rawat
- Interventional Cardiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, IND
| | - Ugonna A Nwoko
- Medicine, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupicoy, SXM
| | | | - Maham Babur
- Internal Medicine, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, PAK
| | - Tayyaba J Khan
- Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK
| | - Sujith K Palleti
- Nephrology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
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Bertelli M, Toniolo S, Ziacchi M, Gasperetti A, Schiavone M, Arosio R, Capobianco C, Mitacchione G, Statuto G, Angeletti A, Martignani C, Diemberger I, Forleo GB, Biffi M. Is Less Always More? A Prospective Two-Centre Study Addressing Clinical Outcomes in Leadless versus Transvenous Single-Chamber Pacemaker Recipients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206071. [PMID: 36294401 PMCID: PMC9604678 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Leadless (LL) stimulation is perceived to lower surgical, vascular, and lead-related complications compared to transvenous (TV) pacemakers, yet controlled studies are lacking and real-life experience is non-conclusive. (2) Aim: To prospectively analyse survival and complication rates in leadless versus transvenous VVIR pacemakers. (3) Methods: Prospective analysis of mortality and complications in 344 consecutive VVIR TV and LL pacemaker recipients between June 2015 and May 2021. Indications for VVIR pacing were “slow” AF, atrio-ventricular block in AF or in sinus rhythm in bedridden cognitively impaired patients. LL indication was based on individualised clinical judgement. (4) Results: 72 patients received LL and 272 TV VVIR pacemakers. LL pacemaker indications included ongoing/expected chronic haemodialysis, superior venous access issues, active lifestyle with low pacing percentage expected, frailty causing high bleeding/infectious risk, previous valvular endocarditis, or device infection requiring extraction. No significant difference in the overall acute and long-term complication rate was observed between LL and TV cohorts, with greater mortality occurring in TV due to selection of older patients. (5) Conclusions: Given the low complication rate and life expectancy in this contemporary VVIR cohort, extending LL indications to all VVIR candidates is unlikely to provide clear-cut benefits. Considering the higher costs of LL technology, careful patient selection is mandatory for LL PMs to become advantageous, i.e., in the presence of vascular access issues, high bleeding/infectious risk, and long life expectancy, rendering lead-related issues and repeated surgery relevant in the long-term perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bertelli
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Toniolo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ziacchi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-2143598
| | - Alessio Gasperetti
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco University, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco University, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Arosio
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco University, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Capobianco
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Mitacchione
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco University, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Statuto
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Igor Diemberger
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Forleo
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco University, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Biffi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40122 Bologna, Italy
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