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Bedir M, Outwin E, Colnaghi R, Bassett L, Abramowicz I, O'Driscoll M. A novel role for the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Cyclophilin A in DNA-repair following replication fork stalling via the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00184-9. [PMID: 38943005 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) induces DNA double-strand breaks in LIG4 syndrome fibroblasts, specifically upon transit through S-phase. The basis underlying this has not been described. CsA-induced genomic instability may reflect a direct role of Cyclophilin A (CYPA) in DNA repair. CYPA is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPI). CsA inhibits the PPI activity of CYPA. Using an integrated approach involving CRISPR/Cas9-engineering, siRNA, BioID, co-immunoprecipitation, pathway-specific DNA repair investigations as well as protein expression interaction analysis, we describe novel impacts of CYPA loss and inhibition on DNA repair. We characterise a direct CYPA interaction with the NBS1 component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex, providing evidence that CYPA influences DNA repair at the level of DNA end resection. We define a set of genetic vulnerabilities associated with CYPA loss and inhibition, identifying DNA replication fork protection as an important determinant of viability. We explore examples of how CYPA inhibition may be exploited to selectively kill cancers sharing characteristic genomic instability profiles, including MYCN-driven Neuroblastoma, Multiple Myeloma and Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia. These findings propose a repurposing strategy for Cyclophilin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Bedir
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Emily Outwin
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Rita Colnaghi
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Lydia Bassett
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Iga Abramowicz
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage & Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK.
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Holderfield M, Lee BJ, Jiang J, Tomlinson A, Seamon KJ, Mira A, Patrucco E, Goodhart G, Dilly J, Gindin Y, Dinglasan N, Wang Y, Lai LP, Cai S, Jiang L, Nasholm N, Shifrin N, Blaj C, Shah H, Evans JW, Montazer N, Lai O, Shi J, Ahler E, Quintana E, Chang S, Salvador A, Marquez A, Cregg J, Liu Y, Milin A, Chen A, Ziv TB, Parsons D, Knox JE, Klomp JE, Roth J, Rees M, Ronan M, Cuevas-Navarro A, Hu F, Lito P, Santamaria D, Aguirre AJ, Waters AM, Der CJ, Ambrogio C, Wang Z, Gill AL, Koltun ES, Smith JAM, Wildes D, Singh M. Concurrent inhibition of oncogenic and wild-type RAS-GTP for cancer therapy. Nature 2024; 629:919-926. [PMID: 38589574 PMCID: PMC11111408 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
RAS oncogenes (collectively NRAS, HRAS and especially KRAS) are among the most frequently mutated genes in cancer, with common driver mutations occurring at codons 12, 13 and 611. Small molecule inhibitors of the KRAS(G12C) oncoprotein have demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with multiple cancer types and have led to regulatory approvals for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer2,3. Nevertheless, KRASG12C mutations account for only around 15% of KRAS-mutated cancers4,5, and there are no approved KRAS inhibitors for the majority of patients with tumours containing other common KRAS mutations. Here we describe RMC-7977, a reversible, tri-complex RAS inhibitor with broad-spectrum activity for the active state of both mutant and wild-type KRAS, NRAS and HRAS variants (a RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitor). Preclinically, RMC-7977 demonstrated potent activity against RAS-addicted tumours carrying various RAS genotypes, particularly against cancer models with KRAS codon 12 mutations (KRASG12X). Treatment with RMC-7977 led to tumour regression and was well tolerated in diverse RAS-addicted preclinical cancer models. Additionally, RMC-7977 inhibited the growth of KRASG12C cancer models that are resistant to KRAS(G12C) inhibitors owing to restoration of RAS pathway signalling. Thus, RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitors can target multiple oncogenic and wild-type RAS isoforms and have the potential to treat a wide range of RAS-addicted cancers with high unmet clinical need. A related RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitor, RMC-6236, is currently under clinical evaluation in patients with KRAS-mutant solid tumours (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05379985).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alessia Mira
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Grace Goodhart
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Julien Dilly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Shurui Cai
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Lai
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Jade Shi
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jim Cregg
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | - Anqi Chen
- Revolution Medicines, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer E Klomp
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Roth
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Rees
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Ronan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Cuevas-Navarro
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Feng Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Piro Lito
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Santamaria
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Waters
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Channing J Der
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Zhao X, Zhao X, Di W, Wang C. Inhibitors of Cyclophilin A: Current and Anticipated Pharmaceutical Agents for Inflammatory Diseases and Cancers. Molecules 2024; 29:1235. [PMID: 38542872 PMCID: PMC10974348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29061235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilin A, a widely prevalent cellular protein, exhibits peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. This protein is predominantly located in the cytosol; additionally, it can be secreted by the cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. Cyclophilin A has been identified to be a key player in many of the biological events and is therefore involved in several diseases, including vascular and inflammatory diseases, immune disorders, aging, and cancers. It represents an attractive target for therapeutic intervention with small molecule inhibitors such as cyclosporin A. Recently, a number of novel inhibitors of cyclophilin A have emerged. However, it remains elusive whether and how many cyclophilin A inhibitors function in the inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this review, we discuss current available data about cyclophilin A inhibitors, including cyclosporin A and its derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, and peptide analogues, and outline the most recent advances in clinical trials of these agents. Inhibitors of cyclophilin A are poised to enhance our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms that underpin inflammatory diseases and cancers associated with cyclophilin A. This advancement will aid in the development of innovative pharmaceutical treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan 250000, China; (X.Z.); (W.D.)
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan 250000, China; (X.Z.); (W.D.)
| | - Weihua Di
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan 250000, China; (X.Z.); (W.D.)
| | - Chang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan 250000, China; (X.Z.); (W.D.)
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan 250000, China
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Liu Z, Wan R, Bai H, Wang J. Damage-associated molecular patterns and sensing receptors based molecular subtypes in malignant pleural mesothelioma and implications for immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1104560. [PMID: 37033966 PMCID: PMC10079989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is characterized as an incredibly aggressive form of cancer with a dismal diagnosis and a dearth of specific biomarkers and therapeutic options. For MPM patients, the effectiveness of immunotherapy may be influenced by damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD).The objective of this work is to create a molecular profile associated with DAMPs to categorize MPM patients and predict their prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Methods The RNA-seq of 397 patients (263 patients with clinical data, 57.2% male, 73.0% over 60 yrs.) were gathered from eight public datasets as a training cohort to identify the DAMPs-associated subgroups of MPMs using K-means analysis. Three validation cohorts of patients or murine were established from TCGA and GEO databases. Comparisons were made across each subtype's immune status, gene mutations, survival prognosis, and predicted response to therapy. Results Based on the DAMPs gene expression, MPMs were categorized into two subtypes: the nuclear DAMPs subtype, which is classified by the upregulation of immune-suppressed pathways, and the inflammatory DAMPs subtype, which is distinguished by the enrichment of proinflammatory cytokine signaling. The inflammatory DAMPs subgroup had a better prognosis, while the nuclear DAMPs subgroup exhibited a worse outcome. In validation cohorts, the subtyping system was effectively verified. We further identified the genetic differences between the two DAMPs subtypes. It was projected that the inflammatory DAMPs subtype will respond to immunotherapy more favorably, suggesting that the developed clustering method may be implemented to predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Conclusion We constructed a subtyping model based on ICD-associated DAMPs in MPM, which might serve as a signature to gauge the outcomes of immune checkpoint blockades. Our research may aid in the development of innovative immunomodulators as well as the advancement of precision immunotherapy for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Woock AE, Grible JM, Olex AL, Harrell JC, Zot P, Idowu M, Clevenger CV. Serine residues 726 and 780 have nonredundant roles regulating STAT5a activity in luminal breast cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13506. [PMID: 34188118 PMCID: PMC8242097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, prolactin-induced activation of the transcription factor STAT5a results from the phosphorylation of STAT5a tyrosine residue 694. However, its role in mammary oncogenesis remains an unsettled debate as STAT5a exhibits functional dichotomy with both pro-differentiative and pro-proliferative target genes. Phosphorylation of STAT5a serine residues, S726 and S780, may regulate STAT5a in such a way to underlie this duality. Given hematopoiesis studies showing phospho-serine STAT5a as necessary for transformation, we hypothesized that serine phosphorylation regulates STAT5a activity to contribute to its role in mammary oncogenesis, specifically in luminal breast cancer. Here, phosphorylation of S726-, S780-, and Y694-STAT5a in response to prolactin in MCF7 luminal breast cancer cells was investigated with STAT5a knockdown and rescue with Y694F-, S726A-, or S780A-STAT5a, where the phospho-sites were mutated. RNA-sequencing and subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis predicted that loss of each phospho-site differentially affected both prolactin-induced gene expression as well as functional pathways of breast cancer (e.g. cell survival, proliferation, and colony formation). In vitro studies of anchorage-independent growth and proliferation confirmed distinct phenotypes: whereas S780A-STAT5a decreased clonogenicity, S726A-STAT5a decreased proliferation in response to prolactin compared to wild type STAT5a. Collectively, these studies provide novel insights into STAT5a activation in breast cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia E Woock
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Grible
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA
| | - Amy L Olex
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - J Chuck Harrell
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA
| | - Patricija Zot
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA
| | - Michael Idowu
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA
| | - Charles V Clevenger
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, Sanger 4-006A, Richmond, VA, 23298-06629, USA.
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Altaf R, Nadeem H, Babar MM, Ilyas U, Muhammad SA. Genome-scale meta-analysis of breast cancer datasets identifies promising targets for drug development. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (THESSALONIKE, GREECE) 2021; 28:5. [PMID: 33593445 PMCID: PMC7885587 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-021-00136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Because of the highly heterogeneous nature of breast cancer, each subtype differs in response to several treatment regimens. This has limited the therapeutic options for metastatic breast cancer disease requiring exploration of diverse therapeutic models to target tumor specific biomarkers. Methods Differentially expressed breast cancer genes identified through extensive data mapping were studied for their interaction with other target proteins involved in breast cancer progression. The molecular mechanisms by which these signature genes are involved in breast cancer metastasis were also studied through pathway analysis. The potential drug targets for these genes were also identified. Results From 50 DEGs, 20 genes were identified based on fold change and p-value and the data curation of these genes helped in shortlisting 8 potential gene signatures that can be used as potential candidates for breast cancer. Their network and pathway analysis clarified the role of these genes in breast cancer and their interaction with other signaling pathways involved in the progression of disease metastasis. The miRNA targets identified through miRDB predictor provided potential miRNA targets for these genes that can be involved in breast cancer progression. Several FDA approved drug targets were identified for the signature genes easing the therapeutic options for breast cancer treatment. Conclusion The study provides a more clarified role of signature genes, their interaction with other genes as well as signaling pathways. The miRNA prediction and the potential drugs identified will aid in assessing the role of these targets in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Altaf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Umair Ilyas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
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Ramírez-de-Arellano A, Villegas-Pineda JC, Hernández-Silva CD, Pereira-Suárez AL. The Relevant Participation of Prolactin in the Genesis and Progression of Gynecological Cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:747810. [PMID: 34745013 PMCID: PMC8566755 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.747810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland and multiple non-pituitary sites, vital in several physiological processes such as lactation, pregnancy, cell growth, and differentiation. However, PRL is nowadays known to have a strong implication in oncogenic processes, making it essential to delve into the mechanisms governing these actions. PRL and its receptor (PRLR) activate a series of effects such as survival, cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to treatment, being highly relevant in developing certain types of cancer. Because women produce high levels of PRL, its influence in gynecological cancers is herein reviewed. It is interesting that, other than the 23 kDa PRL, whose mechanism of action is endocrine, other variants of PRL have been observed to be produced by tumoral tissue, acting in a paracrine/autocrine manner. Because many components, including PRL, surround the microenvironment, it is interesting to understand the hormone's modulation in cancer cells. This work aims to review the most important findings regarding the PRL/PRLR axis in cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers and its molecular mechanisms to support carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Ramírez-de-Arellano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Julio César Villegas-Pineda
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Christian David Hernández-Silva
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez,
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