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Deleuze V, Soler E, Andrieu-Soler C. Protocol for efficient CRISPR-Cas9-mediated fluorescent tag knockin in hard-to-transfect erythroid cell lines. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:103016. [PMID: 38640065 PMCID: PMC11044133 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise insertion of fluorescent tags by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homologous recombination (HR) in mammalian genes is a powerful tool allowing to study gene function and protein gene products. Here, we present a protocol for efficient HR-mediated targeted insertion of fluorescent markers in the genome of hard-to-transfect erythroid cell lines MEL (mouse erythroleukemic) and MEDEP (mouse ES cell-derived erythroid progenitor line). We describe steps for plasmid construction, electroporation, amplification, and verification of genome editing. We then detail procedures for isolating positive clones and validating knockin clones. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Deleuze et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Deleuze
- IGMM University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université' de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Soler
- IGMM University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université' de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Charlotte Andrieu-Soler
- IGMM University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université' de Paris, Paris, France.
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2
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Wang C, Hu M, Yu K, Liu W, Hu A, Kuang Y, Huang L, Gajendran B, Zacksenhaus E, Xiao X, Ben-David Y. An intricate regulatory circuit between FLI1 and GATA1/GATA2/LDB1/ERG dictates erythroid vs. megakaryocytic differentiation. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:107. [PMID: 38695236 PMCID: PMC11082641 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During hematopoiesis, megakaryocytic erythroid progenitors (MEPs) differentiate into megakaryocytic or erythroid lineages in response to specific transcriptional factors, yet the regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. Using the MEP‑like cell line HEL western blotting, RT‑qPCR, lentivirus‑mediated downregulation, flow cytometry as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIp) assay demonstrated that the E26 transformation‑specific (ETS) transcription factor friend leukemia integration factor 1 (Fli‑1) inhibits erythroid differentiation. The present study using these methods showed that while FLI1‑mediated downregulation of GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) suppresses erythropoiesis, its direct transcriptional induction of GATA2 promotes megakaryocytic differentiation. GATA1 is also involved in megakaryocytic differentiation through regulation of GATA2. By contrast to FLI1, the ETS member erythroblast transformation‑specific‑related gene (ERG) negatively controls GATA2 and its overexpression through exogenous transfection blocks megakaryocytic differentiation. In addition, FLI1 regulates expression of LIM Domain Binding 1 (LDB1) during erythroid and megakaryocytic commitment, whereas shRNA‑mediated depletion of LDB1 downregulates FLI1 and GATA2 but increases GATA1 expression. In agreement, LDB1 ablation using shRNA lentivirus expression blocks megakaryocytic differentiation and modestly suppresses erythroid maturation. These results suggested that a certain threshold level of LDB1 expression enables FLI1 to block erythroid differentiation. Overall, FLI1 controlled the commitment of MEP to either erythroid or megakaryocytic lineage through an intricate regulation of GATA1/GATA2, LDB1 and ERG, exposing multiple targets for cell fate commitment and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Maoting Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Kunlin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Anling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H2, Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
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Branco A, Rayabaram J, Miranda CC, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, Fernandes TG, Sajja S, da Silva CL, Vemuri MC. Advances in ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for clinical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1380950. [PMID: 38846805 PMCID: PMC11153805 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1380950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
As caretakers of the hematopoietic system, hematopoietic stem cells assure a lifelong supply of differentiated populations that are responsible for critical bodily functions, including oxygen transport, immunological protection and coagulation. Due to the far-reaching influence of the hematopoietic system, hematological disorders typically have a significant impact on the lives of individuals, even becoming fatal. Hematopoietic cell transplantation was the first effective therapeutic avenue to treat such hematological diseases. Since then, key use and manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells for treatments has been aspired to fully take advantage of such an important cell population. Limited knowledge on hematopoietic stem cell behavior has motivated in-depth research into their biology. Efforts were able to uncover their native environment and characteristics during development and adult stages. Several signaling pathways at a cellular level have been mapped, providing insight into their machinery. Important dynamics of hematopoietic stem cell maintenance were begun to be understood with improved comprehension of their metabolism and progressive aging. These advances have provided a solid platform for the development of innovative strategies for the manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Specifically, expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell pool has triggered immense interest, gaining momentum. A wide range of approaches have sprouted, leading to a variety of expansion systems, from simpler small molecule-based strategies to complex biomimetic scaffolds. The recent approval of Omisirge, the first expanded hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell product, whose expansion platform is one of the earliest, is predictive of further successes that might arise soon. In order to guarantee the quality of these ex vivo manipulated cells, robust assays that measure cell function or potency need to be developed. Whether targeting hematopoietic engraftment, immunological differentiation potential or malignancy clearance, hematopoietic stem cells and their derivatives need efficient scaling of their therapeutic potency. In this review, we comprehensively view hematopoietic stem cells as therapeutic assets, going from fundamental to translational.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Branco
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Janakiram Rayabaram
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia C. Miranda
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- AccelBio, Collaborative Laboratory to Foster Translation and Drug Discovery, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago G. Fernandes
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suchitra Sajja
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia L. da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Deleuze V, Garcia L, Rouaisnel B, Salma M, Kinoo A, Andrieu-Soler C, Soler E. Efficient genome editing in erythroid cells unveils novel MYB target genes and regulatory functions. iScience 2023; 26:107641. [PMID: 37670779 PMCID: PMC10475484 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted genome editing holds great promise in biology. However, efficient genome modification, including gene knock-in (KI), remains an unattained goal in multiple cell types and loci due to poor transfection efficiencies and low target genes expression, impeding the positive selection of recombined cells. Here, we describe a genome editing approach to achieve efficient gene targeting using hard to transfect erythroid cell lines. We demonstrate robust fluorescent protein KI efficiency in low expressed transcription factor (TF) genes (e.g., Myb or Zeb1). We further show the ability to target two independent loci in individual cells, exemplified by MYB-GFP and NuMA-Cherry double KI, allowing multicolor labeling of regulatory factors at physiological endogenous levels. Our KI tagging approach allowed us to perform genome-wide TF analysis at increased signal-to-noise ratios, and highlighted previously unidentified MYB target genes and pathways. Overall, we establish a versatile CRISPR-Cas9-based platform, offering attractive opportunities for the dissection of the erythroid differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonor Garcia
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Mohammad Salma
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Kinoo
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Andrieu-Soler
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Soler
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Elucidating the importance and regulation of key enhancers for human MEIS1 expression. Leukemia 2022; 36:1980-1989. [PMID: 35624144 PMCID: PMC9343249 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid ecotropic virus insertion site 1 (MEIS1) is essential for normal hematopoiesis and is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of a large subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite the clinical relevance of MEIS1, its regulation is largely unknown. To understand the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms contributing to human MEIS1 expression, we created a knock-in green florescent protein (GFP) reporter system at the endogenous MEIS1 locus in a human AML cell line. Using this model, we have delineated and dissected a critical enhancer region of the MEIS1 locus for transcription factor (TF) binding through in silico prediction in combination with oligo pull-down, mass-spectrometry and knockout analysis leading to the identification of FLI1, an E-twenty-six (ETS) transcription factor, as an important regulator of MEIS1 transcription. We further show direct binding of FLI1 to the MEIS1 locus in human AML cell lines as well as enrichment of histone acetylation in MEIS1-high healthy and leukemic cells. We also observe a positive correlation between high FLI1 transcript levels and worse overall survival in AML patients. Our study expands the role of ETS factors in AML and our model constitutes a feasible tool for a more detailed understanding of transcriptional regulatory elements and their interactome.
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Li L, Yu J, Cheng S, Peng Z, Ben-David Y, Luo H. Transcription factor Fli-1 as a new target for antitumor drug development. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1155-1168. [PMID: 35447268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1) belonging to the E26 Transformation-Specific (ETS) transcription factor family is not only expressed in normal cells such as hematopoietic stem cells and vascular endothelial cells, but also abnormally expressed in various malignant tumors including Ewing sarcoma, Merkel cell sarcoma, small cell lung carcinoma, benign or malignant hemangioma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma. Fli-1 binds to the promoter or enhancer of the target genes and participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes of tumor cells, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The expression of Fli-1 gene is related to the specific biological functions and characteristics of the tissue in which it is located. In tumor research, Fli-1 gene is used as a specific marker for the occurrence, metastasis, efficacy, and prognosis of tumors, thus, a potential new target for tumor diagnosis and treatment. These studies indicated that Fli-1 may be a specific candidate for antitumor drug development. Recent studies identified small molecules regulating Fli-1 thanks to our screened strategy of natural products and their derivatives. Therefore, in this review, the advanced research on Fli-1 as a target for antitumor drug development is analyzed in different cancers. The inhibitors and agonists of Fli-1 that regulate its expression are introduced and their clinical applications in the treatment of cancer, thus providing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Sha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Heng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China.
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Ben-David Y, Gajendran B, Sample KM, Zacksenhaus E. Current insights into the role of Fli-1 in hematopoiesis and malignant transformation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:163. [PMID: 35412146 PMCID: PMC11072361 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fli-1, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, was discovered in 1991 through retroviral insertional mutagenesis as a driver of mouse erythroleukemias. In the past 30 years, nearly 2000 papers have defined its biology and impact on normal development and cancer. In the hematopoietic system, Fli-1 controls self-renewal of stem cells and their differentiation into diverse mature blood cells. Fli-1 also controls endothelial survival and vasculogenesis, and high and low levels of Fli-1 are implicated in the auto-immune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, respectively. In addition, aberrant Fli-1 expression is observed in, and is essential for, the growth of multiple hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Here, we review the historical context and latest research on Fli-1, focusing on its role in hematopoiesis, immune response, and malignant transformation. The importance of identifying Fli-1 modulators (both agonists and antagonists) and their potential clinical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Klarke M Sample
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, Max Bell Research Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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