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Sun Y, Cai X, Lai Y, Hu C, Lyu L. Simultaneous Emerging Contaminant Removal and H 2O 2 Generation Through Electron Transfer Carrier Effect of Bi─O─Ce Bond Bridge Without External Energy Consumption. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308519. [PMID: 38831633 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) require significant external energy consumption to eliminate emerging contaminants (ECs) with stable structures. Herein, a catalyst consisting of nanocube BiCeO particles (BCO-NCs) prepared by an impregnation-hydrothermal process is reported for the first time, which is used for removing ECs without light/electricity or any other external energy input in water and simultaneous in situ generation of H2O2. A series of characterizations and experiments reveal that dual reaction centers (DRC) which are similar to the valence band/conducting band structure are formed on the surface of BCO-NCs. Under natural conditions without any external energy consumption, the BCO-NCs self-purification system can remove more than 80% of ECs within 30 min, and complete removal of ECs within 30 min in the presence of abundant electron acceptors, the corresponding second-order kinetic constant is increased to 3.62 times. It is found that O2 can capture electrons from ECs through the Bi─O─Ce bond bridge during the reaction process, leading to the in situ production of H2O2. This work will be a key advance in reducing energy consumption for deep wastewater treatment and generating important chemical raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuanying Cai
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yufeng Lai
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lai Lyu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Rural Revitalization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Zhu Q, Chen L, Zhu T, Gao Z, Wang C, Geng R, Bai W, Cao Y, Zhu J. Contribution of 1O 2 in the efficient degradation of organic pollutants with Cu 0/Cu 2O/CuO@N-C activated peroxymonosulfate: A Case study with tetracycline. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123064. [PMID: 38042475 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate-mediated advanced oxidation processes (PMS-AOPs) degrading organic pollutants (Tetracycline (TC) as an example) in water with singlet oxygen (1O2) as the main reactive oxygen has received more and more attention. However, the generation mechanism of 1O2 is still unclear. Consequently, this study investigates the 1O2 formation mechanism during the activated PMS process using a nitrogen-copper-loaded carbon-based material (Cu0/Cu2O/CuO@N-C), synthesized by thermally decomposing organobase-modified HKUST-1 via a one-pot method. It was discovered that incorporating an organobase (Benzylamine) into the metal organic framework (MOF) precursor directs the MOF's self-assembly process and supplements its nitrogen content. This modification modulates the Nx-Cu-Oy active site formation in the material, selectively producing 1O2. Additionally, 1O2 was identified as the dominant reactive oxygen species in the Cu0/Cu2O/CuO@N-C-PMS system, contributing to TC degradation with a rate of 70.82%. The TC degradation efficiency remained high in the pH range of 3-11 and sustained its efficacy after five consecutive uses. Finally, based on the intermediates of TC degradation, three possible degradation pathways were postulated, and a reduction in the ecotoxicity of the degradation products was predicted. This work presents a novel and general strategy for constructing nitrogen-copper-loaded carbon-based materials for use in PMS-AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Management Division of QinhuaiRiver Hydraulic Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhu
- Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ruiwen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Wangjun Bai
- Hohai University Design Institute CO., Ltd, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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Cao W, Hu C, Zhang P, Qiu T, Wang S, Huang G, Lyu L. Salinity-mediated water self-purification via bond network distorting of H 2O molecules on DRC-surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311920120. [PMID: 37922324 PMCID: PMC10636312 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311920120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High salinity has plagued wastewater treatment for a long time by hindering pollutant removal, thereby becoming a global challenge for water pollution control that is difficult to overcome even with massive energy consumption. Herein, we propose a novel process for rapid salinity-mediated water self-purification in a dual-reaction-centers (DRC) system with cation-π structures. In this process, local hydrogen bond networks of H2O molecules can be distorted through the mediation of salinity, thereby opening the channels for the preferential contact of pollutants on the DRC interface. As the result, the elimination rate of pollutants increased approximately 32-fold at high salinity (100 mM) without any external energy consumption. Our findings provide a novel technology for high-efficiency and low-consumption water self-purification, which is of great significance in environmental remediation and even fine chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Cao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
- Environmental Systems Engineering Program, University of Regina, Regina, SKS4S0A2, Canada
| | - Lai Lyu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
- Institute of Rural Revitalization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
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Xing X, Lyu L, Yan Z, Zhang H, Li T, Han M, Li Z, Zhang F, Wang Z, Wang S, Hong Y, Hu C. Self-purification of actual wastewater via microbial-synergy driving of catalyst-surface microelectronic field: A pilot-scale study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131744. [PMID: 37285789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High energy consumption is impedimental for eliminating refractory organics in wastewater by current technologies. Herein, we develop an efficient self-purification process for actual non-biodegradable dyeing wastewater at pilot scale, using N-doped graphene-like (CN) complexed Cu-Al2O3 supported Al2O3 ceramics (HCLL-S8-M) fixed-bed reactor without additional input. About 36% chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved within 20 min empty bed retention time and maintained stability for almost one year. The HCLL-S8-M structure feature and its interface on microbial community structure, functions, and metabolic pathways were analyzed by density-functional theory calculation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, multiomics analysis of metagenome, macrotranscriptome and macroproteome. On the surface of HCLL-S8-M, a strong microelectronic field (MEF) was formed by the electron-rich/poor area due to Cu-π interaction from the complexation between phenolic hydroxy of CN and Cu species, driving the electrons of the adsorbed dye pollutants to the microorganisms through extracellular polymeric substance and the direct transfer of extracellular electrons, causing their degradation into CO2 and intermediates, which was degraded partly via intracellular metabolism. The lower energy feeding for the microbiome produced less adenosine triphosphate, resulting in little sludge throughout reaction. The MEF from electronic polarization is greatly potential to develop low-energy wastewater treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueci Xing
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lai Lyu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Muen Han
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zesong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fagen Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Cao W, Wang Z, Zhang P, Sun Y, Xie Z, Hu C, Wang S, Huang G, Lyu L. Water Self-Purification with Zero External Consumption by Livestock Manure Resource Utilization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2837-2845. [PMID: 36773285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Improper disposal of waste biomass and an increasing number of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water environment are universal threats to the global environment. Here, we creatively propose a sustainable strategy for the direct resource transformation of livestock manure (LM) into an innovative catalyst (Fe-CCM) for water self-purification with zero external consumption. ECs can be rapidly degraded in this self-purification system at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, without any external oxidants or energy input, accompanied by H2O and dissolved oxygen (DO) activation. The performance of the self-purification system is not affected by various types of salinity in the wastewater, and the corresponding second-order kinetic constant is improved 7 times. The enhanced water self-purification mechanism reveales that intermolecular forces between anions and pollutants reinforce electron exchange between pollutants and metal sites on the catalyst, further inducing the utilization of the intrinsic energy of contaminants, H2O, and DO through the interfacial reaction. This work provides new insights into the rapid removal of ECs in complicated water systems with zero external consumption and is expected to advance the resource utilization of livestock waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Cao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongkai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingtao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiju Xie
- Institute of Rural Revitalization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Environmental Systems Engineering Program, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Lai Lyu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Rural Revitalization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Lu Z, Zhang P, Hu C, Li F. Insights into singlet oxygen generation and electron-transfer process induced by a single-atom Cu catalyst with saturated Cu-N4 sites. iScience 2022; 25:104930. [PMID: 36060069 PMCID: PMC9428809 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Persulfate-based nonradical oxidation processes are appealing in water treatment for the efficient and selective degradation of trace contaminants in complex water matrices. However, there is still lacking of systematic understanding of the relationship between multiple nonradical pathways and the active sites of catalyst. Herein, a single-atom Cu catalyst with saturated Cu-N4 sites on a carbon substrate (SA-Cu-NC) was constructed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS), which exhibited high catalytic performance and selectivity for pollutant degradation in different water conditions. Combined with the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the electron-rich area around Cu site and the electron-poor area around C site in the saturated Cu-N4 configuration could efficiently adsorb and activate PMS, which promoted pollutant degradation through the oxidation of singlet oxygen (1O2) and electron transfer process, respectively. This study advances the understanding of the saturated coordination structure of metals and the superiority of multiple nonradical pathways in wastewater treatment. Single-atom Cu catalyst with Cu-N4 sites (SA-Cu-NC) was constructed The saturated Cu-N4 configuration provides two PMS activation sites 1O2 and electron transfer process were the dominant PMS activation pathways Dual nonradical pathways exhibited superiority for pollutant degradation
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Wang Y, Zhang P, Lyu L, Li T, Hu C. Preferential Destruction of Micropollutants in Water through a Self-Purification Process with Dissolved Organic Carbon Polar Complexation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10849-10856. [PMID: 35861715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Removing micropollutants in real water is a scientific challenge due to primary dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and high energy consumption of current technologies. Herein, we develop a self-purification process for the preferential destruction of various micropollutants in municipal wastewater, raw drinking water, and ultrapure water with humic acid (HA) driven by the surface microelectronic field of Fe0-FeyCz/Fex-GZIF-8-rGO without any additional input. It was verified that a strongly polar complex consisting of an electron-rich HA/DOC area and an electron-poor micropollutant area was formed between HA/DOC and micropollutants, promoting more electrons of micropollutants in the adsorbed complex to delocalizing to electron-rich Fe species area and be trapped by O2, which resulted in their surface cleavage and hydrolyzation preferentially. The higher micropollutant degradation efficiency observed in real wastewaters was due to the greater complex polarity of DOC. Moreover, the electron transfer process ensured the stability of the surface microelectronic field and continuous water purification. Our findings provide a new insight into low-energy combined-micropollution water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lai Lyu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Lu J, Li Z, Liu L, Cui W. Supramolecular photocatalysts as electrons storage: Enhanced photocatalytic degradation activity via interfacial charge transfer effect with Fe (Ⅲ). Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhao N, Liu K, He C, Zhao D, Zhu L, Zhao C, Zhang W, Oh WD, Zhang W, Qiu R. H 3PO 4 activation mediated the iron phase transformation and enhanced the removal of bisphenol A on iron carbide-loaded activated biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118965. [PMID: 35134429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zero valent iron-loaded biochar (Fe0-BC) has shown promise for the removal of various organic pollutants, but is restricted by reduced specific surface area, low utilization efficiency and limited production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, iron carbide-loaded activated biochar (Fe3C-AB) with a high surface area was synthesized through the pyrolysis of H3PO4 activated biochar with Fe(NO3)3, tested for removing bisphenol A (BPA) and elucidated the adsorption and degradation mechanisms. As a result, H3PO4 activated biochar was beneficial for the transformation of Fe0 to Fe3C. Fe3C-AB exhibited a significantly higher removal rate and removal capacity for BPA than that of Fe0-BC within a wide pH range of 5.0-11.0, and its performance was maintained even under extremely high salinity and different water sources. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectra and density functional theory calculations confirmed that hydrogen bonds were formed between the COOH groups and BPA. 1O2 was the major reactive species, constituting 37.0% of the removal efficiency in the degradation of BPA by Fe3C-AB. Density functional reactivity theory showed that degradation pathway 2 of BPA was preferentially attacked by ROS. Thus, Fe3C-AB with low cost and excellent recycling performance could be an alternative candidate for the efficient removal of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Kunyuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Chao He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Wen-Da Oh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Weixian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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