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Zhang Y, Liang R, Atterberry BA, Li F, Staples RJ, Zhang J, Samanta J, Rossini AJ, Ke C. Ultradynamic Isoreticularly Expanded Porous Organic Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15525-15537. [PMID: 38779810 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Porous organic materials showcasing large framework dynamics present new paths for adsorption and separation with enhanced capacity and selectivity beyond the size-sieving limits, which is attributed to their guest-responsive sorption behaviors. Porous hydrogen-bonded crosslinked organic frameworks (HCOFs) are attractive for their remarkable ability to undergo guest-triggered expansion and contraction facilitated by their flexible covalent crosslinkages. However, the voids of HCOFs remain limited, which restrains the extent of the framework dynamics. In this work, we synthesized a series of HCOFs characterized by unprecedented size expansion capabilities induced by solvents. These HCOFs were constructed by isoreticularly co-crystallizing two complementary sets of hydrogen bonding building blocks to generate porous molecular crystals, which were crosslinked through thiol-ene/yne single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations. The generated HCOFs exhibit enhanced chemical durability, high crystallinity, and extraordinary framework dynamics. For instance, HCOF-104 crystals featuring a pore diameter of 13.6 Å expanded in DMF to 300 ± 10% of their original lengths within just 1 min. This expansion allows the HCOFs to adsorb guest molecules that are significantly larger than the pore sizes of their crystalline states. Through methanol-induced contraction, these large guests were encapsulated in the fast-contracted HCOFs. These advancements in porous framework dynamics pave the way for new methods of encapsulating guests for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Rongran Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Benjamin A Atterberry
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 2438 Pammel Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- US DOE Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Fangzhou Li
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Richard J Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jayanta Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 2438 Pammel Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- US DOE Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Chenfeng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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