1
|
Wang W, Balland V, Branca M, Limoges B. A Unified Charge Storage Mechanism to Rationalize the Electrochemical Behavior of Quinone-Based Organic Electrodes in Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15230-15250. [PMID: 38769770 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to their eco-sustainability and versatility, organic electrodes are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage in rechargeable aqueous batteries. This is notably the case of aqueous hybrid batteries that pair the low voltage of a zinc anode with the high voltage of a quinone-based (or analogue of quinone-based) organic cathode. However, the mechanisms governing their charge-discharge cycles remain poorly understood and are even a matter of debate and controversy. No consensus exists on the charge carrier in mild aqueous electrolytes, especially when working in an electrolyte containing a multivalent metal cation such as Zn2+. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the electrochemical reactivity of two model quinones, chloranil, and duroquinone, either diluted in solution or incorporated into carbon-based composite electrodes. We demonstrate that a common nine-member square scheme proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism allows us to fully describe and rationalize their electrochemical behavior in relation to the pH and chemical composition of the aqueous electrolyte. Additionally, we highlight the crucial role played by the pKas associated with the reduced states of quinones in determining the nature of the charge carrier that compensates for the negative charges reversibly injected in the active material. Finally, contrary to the widely reported findings for Zn/organic batteries, we unequivocally establish that the predominant solid-state charge carriers in Zn2+-based mild aqueous electrolytes are not multivalent Zn2+ cations but rather protons supplied by the weakly acidic hexaaqua metal ions (i.e., [Zn(H2O)6]2+]).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Wang
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Balland
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Branca
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Limoges
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niu S, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Tian Y, Ju N, Wang H, Zhao S, Zhang X, Zhang W, Li C, Sun HB. Engineering Low-Cost Organic Cathode for Aqueous Rechargeable Battery and Demonstrating the Proton Intercalation Mechanism for Pyrazine Energy Storage Unit. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309022. [PMID: 38084449 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Seeking organic cathode materials with low cost and long cycle life that can be employed for large-scale energy storage remains a significant challenge. This work has synthesized an organic compound, triphenazino[2,3-b](1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) (TPHATP), with as high as 87.16% yield. This compound has a highly π-conjugated and rigid molecular structure, which is synthesized by capping hexaketocyclohexane with three molecules of 2,3-diaminophenazine derived from low-cost o-phenylenediamine, and is used as a cathode material for assembling aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries. Both experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate that the redox mechanism of TPHATP is predominantly governed by H+ storage. The Zn-intercalation product of nitride-type compound, is too unstable to form in water. Moreover, the TPHATP cathode exhibits a capacity of as high as 318.3 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, and maintained a stable capacity of 111.9 mAh g-1 at a large current density of 10 A g-1 for 5000 cycles with only a decay of 0.000512% per cycle. This study provides new insights into understanding pyrazine as an active redox group and offers a potential affordable aqueous battery system for grid-scale energy storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yaxiong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Na Ju
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Shuya Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
- Research Center for Environmental Materials and Technology, Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Chengrui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhan S, Guo Y, Wu K, Ning F, Liu X, Liu Y, Li Q, Zhang J, Lu S, Yi J. Regulating the Interfacial Charge Density by Constructing a Novel Zn Anode-Electrolyte Interface for Highly Reversible Zn Anode. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303211. [PMID: 37909248 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted considerable attention. However, due to the uneven distribution of charge density at Zn anode-electrolyte interface, severe dendrites and corrosion are generated during cycling. In this work, a facile and scalable strategy to address the above-mentioned issues has been proposed through regulating the charge density at Zn anode-electrolyte interface. As a proof of concept, amidinothiourea (ATU) with abundant lone-pair electrons is employed as an interfacial charge modifier for Zn anode-electrolyte interface. The uniform and increased interfacial charge distribution on Zn anode-electrolyte interface has been obtained. Moreover, the unique Zn-bond constructed between N atoms and Zn2+ as well as the hydrogen bonds are formed among ATU and Ac- anion/active H2 O, which promote the migration and desolvation behavior of Zn2+ at anode-electrolyte interface. Accordingly, at a trace concentration of 0.01 mg mL-1 ATU, these features endow Zn anode with a long cycling life (more than 800 h), and a high average Columbic efficiency (99.52 %) for Zn||Cu batteries. When pairing with I2 cathode, the improved cycling ability (5000 cycles) with capacity retention of 77.9 % is achieved. The fundamental understanding on the regulation of charge density at anode-electrolyte interface can facilitate the development of AZIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengkang Zhan
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Yiming Guo
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Kai Wu
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Fanghua Ning
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jiujun Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Shigang Lu
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| | - Jin Yi
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 20044, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chodankar NR, Shinde PA, Patil SJ, Rama Raju GS, Hwang SK, Marje SJ, Tyagaraj HB, Al Hajri E, Al Ghaferi A, Huh YS, Han YK. Zn-ion Batteries: Charge Storing Mechanism and Development Challenges. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300730. [PMID: 37485991 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Improving the energy share of renewable energy technologies is the only solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. The high-performing green battery energy storage technologies are critical for storing energy to address the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources. In recent years, aqueous batteries, particularly Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs), have achieved and shown great potential for stationary energy storage systems owing to their low cost and safer operation. However, the practical applications of the ZIBs have significantly been impeded due to the gap between the breakthroughs achieved in academic research and industrial developments. The present review discusses the ZIB's advantages, possibilities, and shortcomings for stationary energy storage systems. The Review begins with a brief introduction to the ZIBs and their charge storage mechanisms based on the structural properties of cathode materials. The scientific and technical challenges that obstruct the commercialization of the ZIBs are discussed in detail concerning their impact on accelerating the utilization of the ZIBs for real-life applications. The final section highlights the outlook on research in this flourishing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh R Chodankar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pragati A Shinde
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Swati J Patil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX-77843, United States
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Nano Bio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University (Republic of, Korea
| | - Supriya J Marje
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Harshitha B Tyagaraj
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Ebrahim Al Hajri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Al Ghaferi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Nano Bio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University (Republic of, Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 (Republic of, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Grignon E, Battaglia AM, Liu JT, McAllister BT, Seferos DS. Influence of Backbone on the Performance of Pendant Polymer Electrode Materials in Li-ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45345-45353. [PMID: 37700532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Pendant polymers are a promising class of electrode materials due to their synthetic simplicity, derivation from sustainable feedstocks, and potentially benign synthesis. These materials consist of a redox-active pendant tethered to a polymer backbone, which mitigates dissolution during electrode cycling. To date, an extensive number of pendant groups have been studied within the context of metal-ion batteries. However, the choice of the polymer backbone and its impact on the electrode performance have been relatively understudied. In this work, we use a postpolymerization modification approach to synthesize a series of viologen-bearing redox-active pendant polymers with similar molecular weights but three distinct chemical backbones, namely, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, and polystyryl. By evaluating the polymers in lithium-ion batteries, we show that the polymer backbone has a significant influence on electrode performance and behavior. Specifically, the polymethacrylamide displays slower kinetics than the other two polymers, resulting in lower capacities, particularly at high cycling rates. Furthermore, the charge storage mechanism is dependent on the nature of the backbone: the polyacrylamide shows a significant capacitive contribution to charge storage, while the polystyryl does not. The difference in performance between the polymer electrode materials is ascribed to a difference in chain mobility and packing within the electrode films. Overall, this work shows that the fundamental properties of the polymer backbone are critical to the design of high-performance polymer electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Grignon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Alicia M Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jiang Tian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Bryony T McAllister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu J, Liu C, Zhang H, Ge Z, Tu H, Deng W, Hou H, Ji X. Regulation of the Electrochemical Plating/Stripping Process for Zn: Multifunctional Effects of N, S-Codoped Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11883-11891. [PMID: 36524766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous zinc-ion battery is considered as one of the best alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to its low cost and high safety. However, the inevitable dendrite growth, byproduct formation, and the side reactions have inhibited the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. In this work, the electronegative nitrogen and sulfur-codoped carbon dots (NSCDs) are proposed as an electrolyte additive to regulate the uniform distribution of zinc ions and inhibit the growth of dendrites. It was found that only a small amount of NSCD additive (0.2 mg mL-1) exerted a significant influence in electrochemical performance; the symmetrical cell can operate stably for 2000 h with a low voltage hysteresis of 33 mV at the current density of 1 mA cm-2, and a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.5% can be obtained after 250 cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiae Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaofei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hanyu Tu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wentao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongshuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grignon E, An SY, Battaglia AM, Seferos DS. Catechol Homopolymers and Networks through Postpolymerization Modification. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Grignon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - So Young An
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Alicia M. Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Battaglia AM, Pahlavanlu P, Grignon E, An SY, Seferos DS. High Active Material Loading in Organic Electrodes Enabled by a Multifunctional Binder. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42298-42307. [PMID: 36083595 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrodes are promising candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their low cost and sustainable nature; however, they often suffer from very low conductivity and active material loadings. The conventional binder used in organic-based Li-ion batteries is poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), yet it is electrochemically inactive and thus occupies volume and mass without storing energy. Here, we report an organic mixed ionic-electronic conducting polymer, poly[norbornene-1,2-bis(C(O)OPEDOT)]25-b-[norbornene-1,2-bis-(C(O)PEG12)]25 denoted PEDOT-b-PEG for simplicity, as a cathode binder to address the aforementioned issues. The polymer contains a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) functionality to provide electronic conductivity, as well as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains to impart ionic conductivity to the cathode composite. We compare electrodes containing a perylene diimide (PDI) active material, conductive carbon, and a polymeric binder (either PVDF or PEDOT-b-PEG) with different weight ratios to study the impact of active material loading and type of binder on the performance of the cell. The lithium-ion cells prepared with the PEDOT-b-PEG polymer binder result in higher capacities and decreased impedance at all active material loadings compared to cathodes prepared with the PVDF-containing electrodes, demonstrating potential as a new binder to achieve higher active material loadings in organic electrodes. The strategy of preparing these polymers should be broadly applicable to other classes of mixed polymer conductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Paniz Pahlavanlu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eloi Grignon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - So Young An
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|