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Wang C, Xu Z, Zhao L, Ma J, Zhao Y, Guo Z, Fu Q, Zhang W. Composition, diel dynamic and biotic-abiotic interaction of marine neustonic zooplankton in the oligotrophic South China Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106482. [PMID: 38626628 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Neuston, situated at the air-sea interface, stands as a crucial frontier in the realm of the global warming. Despite its unique habitat, there remains a need to substantiate the composition, diel dynamic and biotic-abiotic interaction of neustonic zooplankton in the tropical seas. In this study, we present rare observational data on neustonic zooplankton (0-20 cm) in the oligotrophic tropical South China Sea (SCS) during the summer of 2022. A total of eighteen samples were collected and analyzed, revealing the presence of fourteen taxa from eight phyla. The most prevalent group was Cypridina, accounting for 33.7% of the total abundance, followed by copepods (29.0%) and jellyfish (10.9%). Within copepods, the genus Pontella exhibited the highest relative abundance (38.0%). Additionally, each neuston taxon displayed unique diel distribution patterns. Cypridina was the most abundant taxon during the night (40.4%), while it shifted to copepod dominance during the day (50.4%). Among copepods, genus Pontella and larvae were dominant groups at night (44.7%) and during the day (30.0%), respectively. Moreover, a multivariate biota-environment analysis demonstrated that temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and Si(OH)4 significantly impacted neuston composition. Notably, both jellyfish and sea snails showed a significant positive correlation with temperature, suggesting their potential dominance in the neuston community in response to future global warming in the oligotrophic tropical seas. This study lays a robust foundation for recognizing the neuston community in the oceanic SCS, and helps evaluate the long-term risks to neuston habitats under climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhimeng Xu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jun Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingjing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wuchang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Yu L, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Rao Z, Li W, Chen Z, Chen M. Self-sustained and Insulated Radiative/Evaporative Cooler for Daytime Subambient Passive Cooling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6513-6522. [PMID: 38273444 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Passive cooling technologies are one of the promising solutions to the global energy crisis due to no consumption of fossil fuels during operation. However, the existing radiative and evaporative coolers still have problems achieving daytime subambient cooling while maintaining evaporation over the long term. Here, we propose a self-sustained and insulated radiative/evaporative cooler (SIREC), which consists of a porous polyethylene film (P-PE) at the top, an air layer in the middle, and poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel with lithium bromide (PLH) at the bottom. In particular, the P-PE shows high solar reflectance (R̅solar = 0.91) and long-wave infrared transmittance (τ̅LWIR = 0.92), which reflects sunlight while enhancing the direct radiative heat transfer between outer space and PLH (ε̅LWIR = 0.96) for sky radiative cooling. In addition, the desirable vapor permeability (579 s m-1) of the P-PE also results in good compatibility with PLH for evaporative cooling (EC). Moreover, the PLH's ability to harvest atmospheric water at night provides self-sustainment for daytime EC. The air layer between P-PE and PLH further enhances the subambient cooling performance of the SIREC. These findings indicate promising prospects for the integration of passive cooling technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yimou Huang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanwei Zhao
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenghua Rao
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Meijie Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Guo N, Yu L, Shi C, Yan H, Chen M. A Facile and Effective Design for Dynamic Thermal Management Based on Synchronous Solar and Thermal Radiation Regulation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1447-1453. [PMID: 38252892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Passive solar heating and radiative cooling have attracted great interest in global energy consumption reduction due to their unique electricity-free advantage. However, static single radiation cooling or solar heating would lead to overcooling or overheating in cold and hot weather, respectively. To achieve a facile, effective approach for dynamic thermal management, a novel structured polyethylene (PE) film was engineered with a switchable cooling and heating mode obtained through a moisture transfer technique. The 100 μm PE film showed excellent solar modulation from 0.92 (dried state) to 0.32 (wetted state) and thermal modulation from 0.86 (dried state) to 0.05 (wetted state). Outdoor experiments demonstrated effective thermal regulation during both daytime and nighttime. Furthermore, our designed PE film can save 1.3-41.0% of annual energy consumption across the whole country of China. This dual solar and thermal regulation mechanism is very promising for guiding scalable approaches to energy-saving temperature regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 430001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 430001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Changmin Shi
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence 02912, Rhode Island United States
| | - Hongjie Yan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 430001, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijie Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 430001, People's Republic of China
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Cai Y, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Fang Z, Chen S, Zhang X, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu L, Zhang W, Xue X. Performance of a superamphiphobic self-cleaning passive subambient daytime radiative cooling coating on grain and oil storage structures. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14599. [PMID: 37089341 PMCID: PMC10114159 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The thermal performance of a novel exterior coating material for commonly used grain and food-grain oil structures was investigated. Grain structures included a concrete squat silo and a concrete warehouse while the edible oil structure was a concrete sided tank. The exterior coating provided excellent moisture runoff and solar reflectance properties and is best described as a superamphiphobic self-cleaning passive subambient daytime radiative cooling (SSC-PSDRC) coating. The coating exhibited a remarkable subambient daytime cooling effect in various structures in different climatic regions. Compared with the roof surface temperatures of a cool white-coated concrete grain silo and a gray carbon iron-based edible oil storage tank, those of the PSDRC coated top surfaces could be reduced by 37 °C and 33 °C, respectively. The roof surface temperature of a warehouse painted with a cool-white coating-with a solar reflectance of 0.9 and an emissivity of 0.85-and that of a warehouse with the roof installed with aluminised polymer waterproof membranes were 19 °C and 18 °C higher than that of the PSDRC warehouse, respectively. Consequently, the interior temperature of the wheat pile in the PSDRC grain silo was 10 °C lower than that in the control squat silo. With the inner loop flow temperature control system operating, the interior air temperatures of the PSDRC west-facing separate space were 6 °C and 3 °C higher than those of the cool-white coated and control west-facing separate spaces, respectively. Even after the application of PSDRC coating for only a few days, the interior air temperature of the PSDRC oil storage tank was reduced by 38 °C, and the interior temperature of the oil storage tank was reduced by 4 °C. Furthermore, in practical applications, the coating showed impressive superamphiphobic self-cleaning capabilities and super aging resistance. The wide applications of the coating would have far-reaching, global implications for maintaining grain and edible oil products, particularly in the sub-tropical climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhu Cai
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
- Department of Information and Art Design, Henan Forestry Vocational College, Luoyang, 471002, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Zhi Fang
- Zhangjiagang Grain Purchase and Sales Corporation, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grain Reserve Management Co., Ltd., Urumqi, 830015, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grain Reserve Management Co., Ltd., Urumqi, 830015, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Yangang Zhang
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Yanwen Li
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Lianhua Liu
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiao Xue
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
- Corresponding author.
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