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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Fedak PWM. Cellular and molecular mechanisms driving cardiac tissue fibrosis: On the precipice of personalized and precision medicine. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 71:107635. [PMID: 38508436 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a significant contributor to heart failure, a condition that continues to affect a growing number of patients worldwide. Various cardiovascular comorbidities can exacerbate cardiac fibrosis. While fibroblasts are believed to be the primary cell type underlying fibrosis, recent and emerging data suggest that other cell types can also potentiate or expedite fibrotic processes. Over the past few decades, clinicians have developed therapeutics that can blunt the development and progression of cardiac fibrosis. While these strategies have yielded positive results, overall clinical outcomes for patients suffering from heart failure continue to be dire. Herein, we overview the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cardiac tissue fibrosis. To do so, we establish the known mechanisms that drive fibrosis in the heart, outline the diagnostic tools available, and summarize the treatment options used in contemporary clinical practice. Finally, we underscore the critical role the immune microenvironment plays in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anna N Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul W M Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Guo X, Liu M, Han B, Zheng Y, Zhang K, Bao G, Gao C, Shi H, Sun Q, Zhao Z. Upregulation of TRIM16 mitigates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating TAK1 and YAP/Nrf2 pathways in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:116009. [PMID: 38154547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.116009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinic application of doxorubicin (DOX) is severely limited by its severe cardiotoxicity. Tripartite motif-containing protein 16 (TRIM16) has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and is upregulated in cardiomyocytes under pathological stress, yet its role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of TRIM16 in DOX cardiotoxicity. Following TRIM16 overexpression in hearts with AAV9-TRIM16, mice were intravenously administered DOX at a dose of 4 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks to assess the impact of TRIM16 on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Transfection of OE-TRIM16 plasmids and siRNA-TRIM16 was performed in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Our results revealed that DOX challenge elicited a significant upregulation of TRIM16 proteins in cardiomyocytes. TRIM16 overexpression efficiently ameliorated cardiac function while suppressing inflammation, ROS generation, apoptosis and fibrosis provoked by DOX in the myocardium. TRIM16 knockdown exacerbated these alterations caused by DOX in NRCMs. Mechanistically, OE-TRIM16 augmented the ubiquitination and degradation of p-TAK1, thereby arresting JNK and p38MAPK activation evoked by DOX in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, DOX enhanced the interaction between p-TAK1 and YAP1 proteins, resulting in a reduction in YAP and Nrf2 proteins in cardiomyocytes. OE-TRIM16 elevated YAP levels and facilitated its nuclear translocation, thereby promoting Nrf2 expression and mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. This effect was nullified by siTRIM16 or TAK1 inhibitor Takinib. Collectively, the current study elaborates that upregulating TRIM16 mitigates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress by modulating TAK1-mediated p38 and JNK as well as YAP/Nrf2 pathways, and targeting TRIM16 may provide a novel strategy to treat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mengqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yeqing Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kaina Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Gaowa Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chenying Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hongwen Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Qian H, Lu Z, Hao C, Zhao Y, Bo X, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Ma G, Chen L. TRIM44 aggravates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction via TAK1 stabilization. Cell Signal 2023:110744. [PMID: 37271349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most dangerous cardiovascular events. Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological feature of remodeling after injury that is related to adverse clinical results with no effective treatment. Previous studies have confirmed that TRIM44, an E3 ligase, can promote the proliferation and migration of various tumor cells. However, the role of TRIM44 in cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. Models of TGF-β1 stimulation and MI-induced fibrosis were established to investigate the role and potential underlying mechanism of TRIM44 in cardiac fibrosis. The results showed that cardiac fibrosis was significantly inhibited after TRIM44 knockdown in a mouse model of MI, while it was enhanced when TRIM44 was overexpressed. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that fibrosis markers were significantly reduced in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) with TRIM44 knockdown, whereas TRIM44 overexpression promoted the expression of fibrosis markers. Mechanistically, TRIM44 maintains TAK1 stability by inhibiting the degradation of k48-linked polyubiquitination-mediated ubiquitination, thereby increasing phosphorylated TAK1 expression in the fibrotic environment and activating MAPKs to promote fibrosis. Pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation reversed the fibrogenic effects of TRIM44 overexpression. Combined, these results suggest that TRIM44 is a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengri Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunshu Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiangwei Bo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Nanjing 211200, China.
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Yao X, Dong R, Hu S, Liu Z, Hu F, Cheng X, Wang X, Ma T, Tian S, Zhang XJ, Hu Y, Bai L, Li H, Zhang P. Tripartite motif 38 alleviates the pathological process of NAFLD/NASH by promoting TAB2 degradation. J Lipid Res 2023:100382. [PMID: 37116711 PMCID: PMC10394331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, without any FDA-approved pharmacological intervention in clinic. The TRIM (tripartite motif-containing) family plays essential roles in innate immune and hepatic inflammation. TRIM38, as one of the important members in TRIM family, was largely reported to be involved in the regulation of innate immune and inflammatory responses. However, the functional roles of TRIM38 in NAFLD remains largely unknown. Here, the expression of TRIM38 was first detected in liver samples of both NAFLD mice model and patients diagnosed with NAFLD. We found TRIM38 expression was downregulated in NAFLD liver tissues compared with normal liver tissues. Genetic TRIM38 knockout in vivo showed that TRIM38 depletion deteriorated the HFD and HFHC diet-induced hepatic steatosis and HFHC diet-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis. In particular, we found that the effects of hepatocellular lipid accumulation and inflammation induced by palmitic acid and oleic acid (PA+OA) was aggravated by TRIM38 depletion but mitigated by TRIM38 overexpression in vitro. Mechanically, RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that TRIM38 ameliorated NASH progression by attenuating the activating of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We further found that TRIM38 interacted with TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) binding protein 2 (TAB2) and promoted its protein degradation, thus inhibiting the TAK1-MAPK signal cascades. In summary, our study revealed that TRIM38 could suppress hepatic steatosis, inflammatory and fibrosis in NAFLD via promoting TAB2 degradation. TRIM38 could be a potential target for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yao
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruixiang Dong
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha Hu
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Department of Neurology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
| | - Song Tian
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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