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Wang N, Zhang H, Qiu X, Gerhard R, van Turnhout J, Cressotti J, Zhao D, Tang L, Cao Y. Recent Advances in Ferroelectret Fabrication, Performance Optimization, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400657. [PMID: 38719210 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The growing demand for wearable devices has sparked a significant interest in ferroelectret films. They possess flexibility and exceptional piezoelectric properties due to strong macroscopic dipoles formed by charges trapped at the interface of their internal cavities. This review of ferroelectrets focuses on the latest progress in fabrication techniques for high temperature resistant ferroelectrets with regular and engineered cavities, strategies for optimizing their piezoelectric performance, and novel applications. The charging mechanisms of bipolar and unipolar ferroelectrets with closed and open-cavity structures are explained first. Next, the preparation and piezoelectric behavior of ferroelectret films with closed, open, and regular cavity structures using various materials are discussed. Three widely used models for predicting the piezoelectric coefficients (d33) are outlined. Methods for enhancing the piezoelectric performance such as optimized cavity design, utilization of fabric electrodes, injection of additional ions, application of DC bias voltage, and synergy of foam structure and ferroelectric effect are illustrated. A variety of applications of ferroelectret films in acoustic devices, wearable monitors, pressure sensors, and energy harvesters are presented. Finally, the future development trends of ferroelectrets toward fabrication and performance optimization are summarized along with its potential for integration with intelligent systems and large-scale preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningzhen Wang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Zhang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xunlin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Reimund Gerhard
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jan van Turnhout
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Jason Cressotti
- Electrical Insulation Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Tang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Electrical Insulation Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Song Z, Cai X, Wang Y, Yang W, Li W. Leveraging Ferroelectret Nanogenerators for Acoustic Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2145. [PMID: 38138314 PMCID: PMC10744867 DOI: 10.3390/mi14122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectret nanogenerator (FENG), renowned for its remarkable electromechanical conversion efficiency and low Young's modulus, has gained significant attention in various acoustic applications. The increasing interest is attributed to the crucial role acoustic devices play in our daily lives. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the advancements made in using FENG for acoustic applications. It elaborates on the operational mechanism of FENG in acoustics, with a special focus on comparing the influence of different fabrication materials and techniques on its properties. This review categorizes acoustic applications of FENG into three primary areas: acoustic sensing, acoustic actuation, and acoustic energy harvesting. The detailed descriptions of FENG's implementations in these areas are provided, and potential directions and challenges for further development are outlined. By demonstrating the wide range of potential applications for FENG, it is shown that FENG can be adapted to meet different individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Song
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing 210046, China; (Z.S.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xianfa Cai
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing 210046, China; (Z.S.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yiqin Wang
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing 210046, China; (Z.S.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Wenyu Yang
- School of Mechanical Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Wei Li
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing 210046, China; (Z.S.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Vermont, 33 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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