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Tran K, Kumari AN, Raghu D, Cox DRA, Goh SK, Perini MV, Muralidharan V, Tebbutt NC, Behren A, Mariadason J, Williams DS, Mielke LA. T cell factor 1 (TCF-1) defines T cell differentiation in colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:110754. [PMID: 39280606 PMCID: PMC11401206 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of precursor to exhausted (Tpex) CD8+ T cells is important to maintain robust immunity following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Impressive responses to ICI are emerging in patients with stage II-III mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). We found 64% of dMMR and 15% of mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) stage III CRCs had a high frequency of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL-hi). Furthermore, expression of TCF-1 (Tcf7) by CD8+ T cells predicted improved patient prognosis and Tpex cells (CD3+CD8+TCF-1+PD-1+) were abundant within lymphoid aggregates of stage III CRCs. In contrast, CD3+CD8+TCF-1-PD-1+ cells were more abundant at the invasive front and tumor core, while γδ T cells were equally abundant in all tumor areas. Interestingly, no differences in the frequency of Tpex cells were observed between TIL-hi dMMR and TIL-hi pMMR CRCs. Therefore, Tpex cell function and ICI response rates in TIL-hi CRC warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Tran
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Anita N Kumari
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Dinesh Raghu
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel R A Cox
- Department of Surgery (Austin Precinct), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- HPB & Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Su Kah Goh
- Department of Surgery (Austin Precinct), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- HPB & Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcos V Perini
- Department of Surgery (Austin Precinct), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- HPB & Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Vijayaragavan Muralidharan
- Department of Surgery (Austin Precinct), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- HPB & Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall C Tebbutt
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery (Austin Precinct), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Behren
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - John Mariadason
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - David S Williams
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa A Mielke
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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