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Ishikawa Y, Ajima S, Hashizume H. Pediatric pagetoid reticulosis: a case in a Japanese boy and review of published reports. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e189-e191. [PMID: 35965262 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ajima
- Department of Dermatology, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan
| | - Hideo Hashizume
- Department of Dermatology, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Japan
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Kothari R, Szepietowski JC, Bagot M, Sandhu S, Patil A, Grabbe S, Goldust M. Mycosis fungoides in pediatric population: comprehensive review on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:1458-1466. [PMID: 35193164 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, it is rare in pediatric population. Most of the cases of pediatric MF present with hypopigmented patches and/or various other forms, which may often mimic common childhood dermatoses, thereby causing a delay in the diagnosis. There are no established treatment guidelines for pediatric MF. As the progression of childhood MF is extremely rare and it has an indolent course, it is usually diagnosed at an early stage (IA, IB, IIA), and hence phototherapy with a response rate of >80% is a well-established effective treatment in children. However, as recurrences are frequently seen on stopping the therapies, a maintenance regimen and long-term follow-up is equally important. This article reviews the epidemiological factors, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and various treatment modalities used in pediatric MF. We analyzed and compared the data of almost 616 childhood MF cases from various studies undertaken from 1988 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kothari
- Department of Dermatology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Jacek C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martine Bagot
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Diderot, AP-HP, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Sunmeet Sandhu
- Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore, India
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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3
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Torroella K, Cardis MA, Habeshian KA. Solitary patch on the thigh of a young boy. Pediatr Dermatol 2022; 39:813-814. [PMID: 36206219 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Torroella
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Michael A Cardis
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kaiane A Habeshian
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Stahly S, Manway M, Lin CC, Sukpraprut-Braaten S. Pagetoid Reticulosis: A Rare Dermatologic Malignancy Presenting in a Middle-Aged Female. Cureus 2021; 13:e18524. [PMID: 34754679 PMCID: PMC8569836 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pagetoid reticulosis is a rare form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, a malignancy of T lymphocytes, that invades the skin leading to a multitude of dermatologic manifestations. Pagetoid reticulosis commonly presents as a localized slow-growing or indolently manifesting hyperkeratotic patch/plaque on the extremities that is confined to the epidermis. Diagnosis is confirmed via a skin biopsy of the affected area followed by a cytologic examination. Treatment typically entails topical corticosteroids, alkylating agents, and retinoids. With disseminated disease, a multidisciplinary approach involving chemotherapy and radiation is necessary. To raise awareness about pagetoid reticulosis, its diagnosis, and management, we report a case localized to the left forehead and earlobe of a 57-year-old female.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitch Manway
- Dermatology, HonorHealth/Affiliated Dermatology, Scottsdale, USA
| | - Christine C Lin
- Dermatology, HonorHealth/Affiliated Dermatology, Scottsdale, USA
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Wohlmuth-Wieser I. Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas in childhood and adolescence. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:563-581. [PMID: 33861015 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas are extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas of T- or B- cell origin, that predominantly affect older patients but have been reported in all age groups and as early as in the first years of life. Diagnosis of cutaneous lymphomas is challenging and requires high clinical suspicion and close collaboration between dermatologists, pediatric oncologists and pathologists. Skin involvement of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in children or adolescents can either be primary cutaneous or secondary due to an underlying nodal lymphoma. The most common primary cutaneous lymphomas encountered in children are of T-cell origin, with mycosis fungoides being the most prevalent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, followed by CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders. While cutaneous lymphomas share clinicopathologic characteristics between juvenile and adult forms, there are important differences in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. The hypopigmented variant of mycosis fungoides seems to be overrepresented in the pediatric age group. Prognosis and treatment of mycosis fungoides are stage dependent. The majority of children present with early-stage disease and respond well to topical corticosteroids and phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Wohlmuth-Wieser I. Primär kutane T‐Zell‐Lymphome im Kindes‐ und Jugendalter. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:563-583. [PMID: 33861014 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14509_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Primär kutane Lymphome sind extranodale T- oder B-Zell-Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome, die vorwiegend ältere Patienten betreffen, aber in allen Altersgruppen einschließlich der ersten Lebensjahre auftreten können. Die Diagnose kutaner Lymphome ist eine Herausforderung und erfordert einen hohen klinischen Verdacht sowie enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Dermatologen, pädiatrischen Onkologen und Pathologen. Generell müssen primär kutane Lymphome von sekundär kutanen Lymphomen, welche meist von nodalen oder extranodalen Lymphomen ausgehen, unterschieden werden. Die häufigsten primär kutanen Lymphome im Kindesalter sind T-Zell Lymphome, wobei Mycosis fungoides das häufigste kutane T-Zell-Lymphom darstellt, gefolgt von CD30+ lymphoproliferativen Erkrankungen. Während klinisch-pathologische Merkmale kutaner Lymphome bei Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen ähnlich sind, gibt es wichtige Unterschiede bezüglich klinischer Präsentation, Diagnose und Behandlung. Die hypopigmentierte Variante der Mycosis fungoides scheint in der pädiatrischen Altersgruppe überrepräsentiert zu sein. Prognose und Behandlung der Mycosis fungoides sind stadienabhängig. Die Mehrheit der Kinder weist ein frühes Krankheitsstadium auf und spricht gut auf topische Kortikosteroide und Phototherapie an.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität Salzburg, Österreich
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Torre-Castro J, Carrasco Santos L, Rodríguez-Pinilla SM, Requena L. Pagetoid reticulosis in a 13-year old female. A unique immunohistochemical profile. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:466-469. [PMID: 31785005 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pagetoid reticulosis (PR) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder with indolent behavior considered a variant of mycosis fungoides. It is characterized by marked epidermotropism of the neoplastic lymphocytes. Since its original description, five cases have been reported in children. We report a new case of PR with an immunohistochemical profile not previously described in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Torre-Castro
- Dermatology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Requena
- Dermatology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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Corbeddu M, Ferreli C, Pilloni L, Faa G, Cerroni L, Rongioletti F. Pagetoid reticulosis (Woringer-Kolopp disease) in a 2-year-old girl-Case report and review of the literature. JAAD Case Rep 2018; 5:104-107. [PMID: 30581947 PMCID: PMC6297267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Corbeddu
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Ferreli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luca Pilloni
- Section of Pathology, Department of Surgery, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gavino Faa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Surgery, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cerroni
- Research Unit Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Abstract
This article focuses on cutaneous hematopoietic neoplasms that are more likely to be encountered in the pediatric age-group and includes both lymphoproliferative and histiocytic disorders. The cutaneous hematologic disorders in children have a different epidemiologic profile to what is seen during adulthood. Although mycosis fungoides is the most frequent form of cutaneous lymphoma in adults, it is very rare in children. Because lymphoblastic leukemias and lymphomas are more frequent in the pediatric setting, cutaneous leukemic infiltrates are relatively common in this age-group. Similarly, histiocytic disorders are more common in children, particularly Langerhans cell histiocytosis and juvenile xanthogranuloma. Notably, the histiocytic disorders have undergone significant modifications on their nomenclature in the basis of the molecular characteristics that are present in them. A summary of the most frequent cutaneous hematopoietic disorders in children will be discussed further in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro A Gru
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Louis P Dehner
- 2 Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, St. Louis Children's Hospital and Dermatopathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri
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Larson K, Wick MR. Pagetoid Reticulosis: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2016; 3:8-12. [PMID: 27195265 PMCID: PMC4868934 DOI: 10.1159/000444660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pagetoid reticulosis is a rare variant of mycosis fungoides that presents with a large, usually single, erythematous, slowly growing scaly plaque containing an intraepidermal proliferation of neoplastic T lymphocytes. Histopathologically, this disease has distinctive attributes. In this report, we present two cases of pagetoid reticulosis, compare its microscopic features to those of ‘classical’ mycosis fungoides, and provide a brief review of the pertinent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Larson
- Division of Dermatopathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va., USA
| | - Mark R Wick
- Division of Dermatopathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va., USA
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Kempf W, Kazakov DV, Belousova IE, Mitteldorf C, Kerl K. Paediatric cutaneous lymphomas: a review and comparison with adult counterparts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29:1696-709. [PMID: 25715748 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas (CL) in children is rare. Only a few studies focused specifically on paediatric CL and therefore little is known whether primary CL in children are similar to or different from their adult counterparts with respect to the clinicopathological presentation, behaviour and prognosis. An extensive literature search using PubMed/MEDLINE from January 1995 through July 2014 was undertaken for articles reporting cases of paediatric CL. In addition, we identified 31 children with CL in our institutions. Mycosis fungoides and lymphomatoid papulosis are the two most prevalent lymphoma forms in children. A few entities of cutaneous lymphomas such as cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma leg type, and Sézary syndrome have not been reported so far in children. Other lymphoma entities such as hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma are mostly seen in certain geographic areas (Asia, Central and South America). In the paediatric population, low-malignant indolent forms such as primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma and primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma are very rare, whereas the more aggressive forms of B-cell lymphomas, precursor lymphoblastic lymphomas, and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm are the most common forms in children, mostly involving the skin secondarily. Most paediatric lymphomas have similar clinicopathological features and course as their adults counterparts, particularly in the group of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. The spectrum of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas in children significantly differs from the one in adults. Diagnostic work-up and treatment of paediatric patients with lymphomas are best achieved in close collaboration with paediatric haematopathologists and oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D V Kazakov
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I E Belousova
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Military Academy, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - C Mitteldorf
- Department of Dermatology, HELIOS-Klinikum, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - K Kerl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Ally MS, Robson A. A review of the solitary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:703-14. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina S. Ally
- Department of Dermatology; Stanford University School of Medicine; Redwood City CA USA
| | - Alistair Robson
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology; St. Thomas' Hospital; London UK
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14
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Khan M, Scarisbrick JJ. Pediatric cutaneous lymphomas: rare diseases requiring expert diagnosis and management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.2013.838041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Martin SJ, Cohen PR, Cho-Vega JH, Tschen JA. CD8+ Pagetoid Reticulosis Presenting as a Solitary Foot Plaque in a Young Woman. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2010; 3:46-49. [PMID: 20967196 PMCID: PMC2958197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pagetoid reticulosis is a rare variant of mycosis fungoides. This rare condition typically presents as a solitary plaque located on the extremities with an indolent clinical course (Woringer-Kolopp disease) or as a more generalized presentation with diffuse cutaneous involvement and a more aggressive clinical course (Ketron-Goodman disease). PURPOSE To review the cutaneous manifestations, pathology, and treatment of localized pagetoid reticulosis. METHODS The authors describe a 24-year-old woman with a slowly enlarging, localized plaque of seven months duration, representing the localized form of pagetoid reticulosis with CD8+ immunophenotype. RESULTS The histological, immunohistochemical, and clinical features of the patient's skin lesion were characteristic for a diagnosis of Woringer-Kolopp disease. Systemic work-up for lymphoma was negative. CONCLUSION Woringer-Kolopp disease is most commonly seen in middle-aged men as a solitary lesion of the extremities, and it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with such a lesion. A histological analysis demonstrated atypical lymphocytes preferentially localized to the epidermis with a CD4+, CD8+, or CD4-/CD8- phenotype. The treatment of choice for a solitary lesion may be localized radiation therapy, but newer therapies, such as bexarotene, may warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Martin
- Medical School, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Mourtzinos N, Puri PK, Wang G, Liu ML. CD4/CD8 double negative pagetoid reticulosis: a case report and literature review. J Cutan Pathol 2010; 37:491-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Matsuzaki Y, Kimura K, Nakano H, Hanada K, Sawamura D. Localized pagetoid reticulosis (Woringer-Kolopp disease) in early childhood. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009; 61:120-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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