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Uzun S, Durdu M, Yürekli A, Mülayim MK, Akyol M, Velipaşaoğlu S, Harman M, Taylan-Özkan A, Şavk E, Demir-Dora D, Dönmez L, Gazi U, Aktaş H, Aktürk AŞ, Demir G, Göktay F, Gürel MS, Gürok NG, Karadağ AS, Küçük ÖS, Turan Ç, Ozden MG, Ural ZK, Zorbozan O, Mumcuoğlu KY. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of scabies. Int J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38922701 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Scabies, caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis mite burrowing into the skin, is a highly contagious disease characterized by intense nocturnal itching. Its global impact is considerable, affecting more than 200 million individuals annually and posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Transmission occurs primarily through direct skin-to-skin contact, contributing to its widespread prevalence and emergence as a substantial public health concern affecting large populations. This review presents consensus-based clinical practice guidelines for diagnosing and managing scabies, developed through the fuzzy Delphi method by dermatology, parasitology, pediatrics, pharmacology, and public health experts. The presence of burrows containing adult female mites, their eggs, and excreta is the diagnostic hallmark of scabies. Definitive diagnosis typically involves direct microscopic examination of skin scrapings obtained from these burrows, although dermoscopy has become a diagnostic tool in clinical practice. Treatment modalities encompass topical agents, such as permethrin, balsam of Peru, precipitated sulfur, and benzyl benzoate. In cases where topical therapy proves inadequate or in instances of crusted scabies, oral ivermectin is recommended as a systemic treatment option. This comprehensive approach addresses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with scabies, optimizing patient care, and management outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soner Uzun
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Murat Durdu
- Department of Dermatology, Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Aslan Yürekli
- Training and Research Hospital Dermatology Department, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet K Mülayim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Melih Akyol
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Sevtap Velipaşaoğlu
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Harman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Taylan-Özkan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekin Şavk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Devrim Demir-Dora
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Levent Dönmez
- Department of Public Health, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Umut Gazi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Habibullah Aktaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Karabük University Faculty of Medicine, Karabük, Turkey
| | - Aysun Ş Aktürk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gülay Demir
- Vocational School of Health Services, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Fatih Göktay
- Private Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet S Gürel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Neşe G Gürok
- University of Health Sciences Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Ayşe S Karadağ
- Private Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem S Küçük
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Turan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Müge G Ozden
- Department of Dermatology, Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Zeynep K Ural
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Orçun Zorbozan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Bakırcay University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kosta Y Mumcuoğlu
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, the Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Tsiogka A, Belyayeva H, Sianos S, Rigopoulos D. Transillumination: A Diagnostic Tool to Assess Subungual Glomus Tumors. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 7:231-233. [PMID: 34055915 DOI: 10.1159/000514011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of subungual glomus tumors is mainly based on clinical symptoms, including paroxysmal pain, tenderness, and cold intolerance. Dermoscopy, ultrasonography, and MRI constitute further diagnostic tools, commonly performed to demarcate the tumor before surgery. Herein, we present 2 cases of subungual glomus tumors, which could be diagnosed after fingertip transillumination, highlighting that this technique can serve as an easy, noninvasive, and cost-effective adjuvant diagnostic tool, to facilitate the clinical diagnosis of subungual glomus tumors as well as their localization during preoperative assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Tsiogka
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Helena Belyayeva
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Sianos
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rigopoulos
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Arora P, Rudnicka L, Sar-Pomian M, Wollina U, Jafferany M, Lotti T, Sadoughifar R, Sitkowska Z, Goldust M. Scabies: A comprehensive review and current perspectives. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13746. [PMID: 32484302 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. It is a common skin disease worldwide that occurs not only in the underprivileged sections of society but also in developed countries. In 2009, World Health Organization (WHO) recognized scabies as "neglected tropical disease (NTD)" or NTD thus emphasizing the need for community awareness and proper treatment strategies. This review attempts to summarize the varied clinical presentation of the disease and describes the advances in diagnosis and management including the ongoing search for novel agents to overcome the problems associated with conventional treatments. The literature research includes peer-reviewed articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) till February 2020 and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Arora
- Department of Dermatology, PGIMER and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Sar-Pomian
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohammad Jafferany
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Saginaw, Michigan, USA
| | - Torello Lotti
- University of Studies Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Zuzanna Sitkowska
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- University of Rome G. Marconi, Rome, Italy.,Bidar Skin Center, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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