1
|
Tong JY, Huilgol SC, James C, Selva D. Recommendations for risk stratification of periocular squamous cell carcinoma. Surv Ophthalmol 2023; 68:964-976. [PMID: 37172747 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Periocular squamous cell carcinoma is a common cutaneous malignancy with generally favorable outcomes; however, the periocular region is intrinsically a high-risk location, and there exist a subset of lesions with a propensity for poor outcomes. Orbital invasion, intracranial perineural spread, nodal and distant metastasis are feared complications. There are several staging systems for eyelid carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, but the definition of high-risk lesions remains heterogeneous. It is unclear exactly which lesions can be safely deescalated, and which require nodal evaluation and adjuvant multimodal therapy. We seek to answer these questions by summarizing the literature on clinicopathologic variables, molecular markers, and gene profiling tests in periocular squamous cell carcinoma, with the extrapolation of data from the cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma literature. Standardized pathology reports with information on tumor dimensions, histological subtype and grade, perineural invasion, and lymphovascular invasion should become uniform. Integration with gene expression profiling assessments will individualize and improve the predictive accuracy of risk stratification tools to ultimately inform multidisciplinary decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Tong
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Shyamala C Huilgol
- Adelaide Skin & Eye Centre, South Australia, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Craig James
- Clinpath Laboratories, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dinesh Selva
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; Adelaide Skin & Eye Centre, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soleymani T, Brodland DG, Arzeno J, Sharon DJ, Zitelli JA. Clinical outcomes of high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas treated with Mohs surgery alone: An analysis of local recurrence, regional nodal metastases, progression-free survival, and disease-specific death. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:109-117. [PMID: 35760236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) continues to increase, and it is now predicted that the number of deaths from cSCC will surpass that of melanoma within the next 5 years. Although most cSCCs are successfully treated, there exists an important subset of high-risk tumors that have the highest propensity for local recurrence (LR), nodal metastasis (NM), and disease-specific death (DSD). OBJECTIVE We investigated the clinical outcomes of high-risk cSCCs treated with Mohs surgery (MS) alone, analyzing LR, NM, distant metastasis, and DSD. In addition, we analyzed progression-free survival and DSD in patients who underwent salvage head/neck dissection for regional NMs. METHODS Retrospective review of all high-risk cSCC treated in our clinics between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2020, with follow-up through April 1, 2020. SETTING Two university-affiliated, private-practice MS referral centers. RESULTS In total, 581 high-risk primary cSCCs were identified in 527 patients, of which follow-up data were obtained for 579 tumors. The 5-year disease-specific survival was 95.7%, with a mean survival time of 18.6 years. The 5-year LR-free survival was 96.9%, the regional NM-free survival was 93.8%, and the distant metastasis-free survival was 97.3%. The 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates from metastatic disease were 92.6 and 90.0%, respectively. In patients who experienced regional NMs and underwent salvage head and neck dissection with or without radiation, the 2-year disease-specific survival was 90.5%. CONCLUSION Our cohort, which is the largest high-risk cSCC cohort treated with MS to date, experienced lower rates of LR, NM, and DSD than those reported with historical reference controls using both the Brigham and Women's Hospital and American Joint Committee on Cancer, Eighth Edition, staging systems. We demonstrated that MS confers a disease-specific survival advantage over historical wide local excision for high-risk tumors. Moreover, by improving local tumor control, MS appears to reduce the frequency of regional metastatic disease and may confer a survival advantage even for patients who develop regional metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teo Soleymani
- Zitelli and Brodland Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Dermatologic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - David G Brodland
- Zitelli and Brodland Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia Arzeno
- Division of Dermatologic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - John A Zitelli
- Zitelli and Brodland Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nataren N, Yamada M, Prow T. Molecular Skin Cancer Diagnosis: Promise and Limitations. J Mol Diagn 2023; 25:17-35. [PMID: 36243291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a significant and increasing global health burden. Although the current diagnostic workflow is robust and able to provide clinically actionable results, it is subject to notable limitations. The training and expertise required for accurate diagnoses using conventional skin cancer diagnostics are significant, and patient access to this workflow can be limited by geographic location or unforeseen events, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Molecular biomarkers have transformed diagnostics and treatment delivery in oncology. With rapid advancements in molecular biology techniques, understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of cancer pathologies has deepened, yielding biomarkers that can be used to monitor the course of malignant diseases. Herein, commercially available, clinically validated, and emerging skin cancer molecular biomarkers are reviewed. The qualities of an ideal molecular biomarker are defined. The potential benefits and limitations of applying molecular biomarker testing over the course of skin cancer from susceptibility to treatment are explored, with a view to outlining a future model of molecular biomarker skin cancer diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Nataren
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Miko Yamada
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tarl Prow
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Skin Research Centre, York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cocuz IG, Cocuz ME, Repanovici A, Sabău AH, Niculescu R, Tinca AC, Vunvulea V, Budin CE, Szoke AR, Popelea MC, Moraru R, Cotoi TC, Cotoi OS. Scientific Research Directions on the Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of the Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Scientometric Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101449. [PMID: 36295609 PMCID: PMC9611311 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most frequently occurring types of cancer in humans. Scientometric research is an innovative method for analyzing the research trends in various domains, with great implications in the field of medicine. Materials and Methods: We searched the Web of Science database with the following established query terms: “Squamous cell carcinoma”, “skin”, and “immunohistochemistry”. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 76 articles were selected. The present study aims to analyze, based on the frequency of use of keywords with scientometric algorithms and map-based distributions, the trends of the research concerning cSCCs in 2017–2022. Results: A graphical representation based on 11 scientometric maps presented the division of the keywords into seven clusters, from which seven categories of research interest were defined. The clusters represent a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cSCCs, cancer diagnostics, patient outcomes, histopathological importance, management of cSCCs, role of progression, and adequate treatment of and importance of immunohistochemistry for cSCCs. The distribution of the citations shows the importance of the available research on cSCCs by analyzing the first five most-cited articles included in our study in direct concordance with the seven defined clusters. Conclusion: The scientometric research method reveals the interest of research in the multidisciplinary approach used to obtain the best outcomes for the patient, including a targeted investigation, as well as diagnostic and treatment options. The trends in the research reveal that histopathological diagnostics and immunohistochemistry, combined with molecular techniques, are the most important tools used to establish a personalized diagnosis, thus increasing the quality of life and life expectancy for patients with cSCCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Maria Elena Cocuz
- Fundamental Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines Department, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500003 Brașov, Romania
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of Brasov, 500174 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Repanovici
- Faculty of Product Design and Environment, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Adrian-Horațiu Sabău
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca Niculescu
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea-Cătălina Tinca
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Vlad Vunvulea
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Corina Eugenia Budin
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea Raluca Szoke
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | - Raluca Moraru
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Titiana Cornelia Cotoi
- Pharmaceutical Technique Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pharmacy No. 2, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hooper PB, Farberg AS, Fitzgerald AL, Siegel JJ, Rackley BB, Prasai A, Kurley SJ, Goldberg MS, Litchman GH. Real-world Evidence Shows Clinicians Appropriately Use the Prognostic 40-gene Expression Profile (40-GEP) Test for High-risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) Patients. Cancer Invest 2022; 40:911-922. [PMID: 36073945 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2116454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Treatment decisions for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are traditionally based upon clinicopathologic risk factors and staging systems. Due to the accuracy limitations of these resources in predicting poor outcomes, there is a clinically significant need for more accurate methods of risk assessment. The 40-gene expression profile (40-GEP) test was developed to augment metastatic risk prediction of high-risk cSCC patients and has been validated in two independent, multi-center studies involving over 1,000 patients. This study substantiates that the 40-GEP is appropriately utilized by clinicians and that the personalized risk-stratification results are impactful in guiding risk-aligned patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perry B Hooper
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Multidisciplinary Management of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Recommendations by a Panel of Experts. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020377. [PMID: 35053539 PMCID: PMC8773547 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) account for about 20% of all keratinocyte carcinomas, which are the most common form of cancer. Heterogeneity of treatments and low mortality are a challenge in obtaining accurate incidence data and consistent registration in cancer registries. Indeed, CSCC mostly presents as an indolent, low-risk lesion, with five-year cure rates greater than 90% after surgical excision, and only few tumors are associated with a high-risk of local or distant relapse; therefore, it is particularly relevant to identify high-risk lesions among all other low-risk CSCCs for the proper diagnostic and therapeutic management. Chemotherapy achieves mostly short-lived responses that do not lead to a curative effect and are associated with severe toxicities. Due to an etiopathogenesis largely relying on chronic UV radiation exposure, CSCC is among the tumors with the highest rate of somatic mutations, which are associated with increased response rates to immunotherapy. Thanks to such strong pre-clinical rationale, clinical trials led to the approval of anti-PD-1 cemiplimab by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency), and anti-PD-1 pembrolizumab by the FDA only. Here, we provide a literature review and clinical recommendations by a panel of experts regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of CSCC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou Q, Lin J, Yan Y, Meng S, Liao H, Chen R, He G, Zhu Y, He C, Mao K, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Xiao Z. INPP5F translocates into cytoplasm and interacts with ASPH to promote tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:13. [PMID: 34996491 PMCID: PMC8740451 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has suggested inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the role of INPP5F in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlying mechanisms is unclear. Methods The expression of INPP5F in HCC was analyzed in public databases and our clinical specimens. The biological functions of INPP5F were investigated in vitro and vivo. The molecular mechanism of INPP5F in regulating tumor growth were studied by transcriptome-sequencing analysis, mass spectrometry analysis, immunoprecipitation assay and immunofluorescence assay. Results High expression of INPP5F was found in HCC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Overexpression of INPP5F promoted HCC cell proliferation, and vice versa. Knockdown of INPP5F suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Results from transcriptome-sequencing analysis showed INPP5F not only regulated a series of cell cycle related genes expression (c-MYC and cyclin E1), but also promoted many aerobic glycolysis related genes expression. Further studies confirmed that INPP5F could enhance lactate production and glucose consumption in HCC cell. Mechanistically, INPP5F activated Notch signaling pathway and upregulated c-MYC and cyclin E1 in HCC via interacting with ASPH. Interestingly, INPP5F was commonly nuclear-located in cells of adjacent non-tumor tissues, while in HCC, cytoplasm-located was more common. LMB (nuclear export inhibitor) treatment restricted INPP5F in nucleus and was associated with inhibition of Notch signaling and cell proliferation. Sequence of nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and nuclear export signals (NESs) in INPP5F aminoacidic sequence were then identified. Alteration of the NLSs or NESs influenced the localization of INPP5F and the expression of its downstream molecules. Furthermore, we found INPP5F interacted with both exportin and importin through NESs and NLSs, respectively, but the interaction with exportin was stronger, leading to cytoplasmic localization of INPP5F in HCC. Conclusion These findings indicate that INPP5F functions as an oncogene in HCC via a translocation mechanism and activating ASPH-mediated Notch signaling pathway. INPP5F may serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02216-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianlei Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianhong Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yongcong Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shiyu Meng
- Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hao Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ruibin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Gui He
- Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chuanchao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Zhiyu Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ibrahim SF, Kasprzak JM, Hall MA, Fitzgerald AL, Siegel JJ, Kurley SJ, Covington KR, Goldberg MS, Farberg AS, Trotter SC, Reed K, Brodland DG, Koyfman SA, Somani AK, Arron ST, Wysong A. Enhanced metastatic risk assessment in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with the 40-gene expression profile test. Future Oncol 2021; 18:833-847. [PMID: 34821148 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To clinically validate the 40-gene expression profile (40-GEP) test for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients and evaluate coupling the test with individual clinicopathologic risk factor-based assessment methods. Patients & methods: In a 33-site study, primary tumors with known patient outcomes were assessed under clinical testing conditions (n = 420). The 40-GEP results were integrated with clinicopathologic risk factors. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed for metastasis. Results: The 40-GEP test demonstrated significant prognostic value. Risk classification was improved via integration of 40-GEP results with clinicopathologic risk factor-based assessment, with metastasis rates near the general cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma population for Class 1 and ≥50% for Class 2B. Conclusion: Combining molecular profiling with clinicopathologic risk factor assessment enhances stratification of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients and may inform decision-making for risk-appropriate management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherrif F Ibrahim
- Rochester Dermatologic Surgery, Victor, NY 14564, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Julia M Kasprzak
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mary A Hall
- Castle Biosciences, Inc., Friendswood, TX 77546, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Castle Biosciences, Inc., Friendswood, TX 77546, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Aaron S Farberg
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shlomo A Koyfman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ally-Khan Somani
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Ashley Wysong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ithal D, Sukumaran SK, Bhattacharjee D, Vemula A, Nadella R, Mahadevan J, Sud R, Viswanath B, Purushottam M, Jain S. Exome hits demystified: The next frontier. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 59:102640. [PMID: 33892377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have complex inheritance patterns, involving both common and rare variants. Whole exome sequencing is a promising approach to find out the rare genetic variants. We had previously reported several rare variants in multiplex families with severe mental illnesses. The current article tries to summarise the biological processes and pattern of expression of genes harbouring the aforementioned variants, linking them to known clinical manifestations through a methodical narrative review. Of the 28 genes considered for this review from 7 families with multiple affected individuals, 6 genes are implicated in various neuropsychiatric manifestations including some variations in the brain morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Another 15 genes, though associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations, did not have established brain morphological changes whereas the remaining 7 genes did not have any previously recorded neuropsychiatric manifestations at all. Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway was associated with 6 of these genes and PI3K/AKT, calcium signaling, ERK, RhoA and notch signaling pathways had at least 2 gene associations. We present a comprehensive review of biological and clinical knowledge about the genes previously reported in multiplex families with severe mental illness. A 'disease in dish approach' can be helpful to further explore the fundamental mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva Ithal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Salil K Sukumaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alekhya Vemula
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Nadella
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reeteka Sud
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Patel MH, Brumfiel CM, Severson KJ, DiCaudo DJ, Nelson SA, Butterfield RJ, Zhang N, Baum C, Sekulic A, Mangold AR. The prognostic value of inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the general population. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:e427-e429. [PMID: 33860939 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wysong A, Newman JG, Covington KR, Kurley SJ, Ibrahim SF, Farberg AS, Bar A, Cleaver NJ, Somani AK, Panther D, Brodland DG, Zitelli J, Toyohara J, Maher IA, Xia Y, Bibee K, Griego R, Rigel DS, Meldi Plasseraud K, Estrada S, Sholl LM, Johnson C, Cook RW, Schmults CD, Arron ST. Validation of a 40-gene expression profile test to predict metastatic risk in localized high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 84:361-369. [PMID: 32344066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current staging systems for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) have limited positive predictive value for identifying patients who will experience metastasis. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a gene expression profile (GEP) test for predicting risk for metastasis in localized, high-risk cSCC with the goal of improving risk-directed patient management. METHODS Archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary cSCC tissue and clinicopathologic data (n = 586) were collected from 23 independent centers in a prospectively designed study. A GEP signature was developed using a discovery cohort (n = 202) and validated in a separate, nonoverlapping, independent cohort (n = 324). RESULTS A prognostic 40-GEP test was developed and validated, stratifying patients with high-risk cSCC into classes based on metastasis risk: class 1 (low risk), class 2A (high risk), and class 2B (highest risk). For the validation cohort, 3-year metastasis-free survival rates were 91.4%, 80.6%, and 44.0%, respectively. A positive predictive value of 60% was achieved for the highest-risk group (class 2B), an improvement over staging systems, and negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity were comparable to staging systems. LIMITATIONS Potential understaging of cases could affect metastasis rate accuracy. CONCLUSION The 40-GEP test is an independent predictor of metastatic risk that can complement current staging systems for patients with high-risk cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Wysong
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | | | - Aaron S Farberg
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Arkansas Dermatology Skin Cancer Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Anna Bar
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | | | - David Panther
- Zitelli and Brodland, P.C. Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David G Brodland
- Zitelli and Brodland, P.C. Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Zitelli
- Zitelli and Brodland, P.C. Skin Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ian A Maher
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yang Xia
- Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kristin Bibee
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Estrada
- Castle Biosciences, Inc, Phoenix, Arizona; Affiliated Dermatology, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah T Arron
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| |
Collapse
|