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Apalla Z, Nikolaou V, Fattore D, Fabbrocini G, Freites-Martinez A, Sollena P, Lacouture M, Kraehenbuehl L, Stratigos A, Peris K, Lazaridou E, Richert B, Vigarios E, Riganti J, Baroudjian B, Filoni A, Dodiuk-Gad R, Lebbé C, Sibaud V. European recommendations for management of immune checkpoint inhibitors-derived dermatologic adverse events. The EADV task force 'Dermatology for cancer patients' position statement. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:332-350. [PMID: 34910332 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) opened a new era in oncologic therapy. The favourable profile of ICIs in terms of efficacy and safety can be overshadowed by the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Dermatologic irAEs (dirAEs) appear in about 40% of patients undergoing immunotherapy and mainly include maculopapular, psoriasiform, lichenoid and eczematous rashes, auto-immune bullous disorders, pigmentary disorders, pruritus, oral mucosal lesions, hair and nail changes, as well as a few rare and potentially life-threatening toxicities. The EADV task force Dermatology for Cancer Patients merged the clinical experience of the so-far published data, incorporated the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of each specific dirAEs, and released dermatology-derived, phenotype-specific treatment recommendations for cutaneous toxicities (including levels of evidence and grades of recommendation). The basic principle of management is that the interventions should be tailored to serve the equilibrium between patients' relief from the symptoms and signs of skin toxicity and the preservation of an unimpeded oncologic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Apalla
- Second Dermatology Department, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - V Nikolaou
- First Department of Dermatology, "Andreas Sygros" Hospital for Skin Diseases, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - D Fattore
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Freites-Martinez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Ruber Juan Bravo y Universidad Europea, Madrid, España
| | - P Sollena
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Dermatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dermatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - M Lacouture
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - L Kraehenbuehl
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology, "Andreas Sygros" Hospital for Skin Diseases, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - K Peris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Dermatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dermatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - E Lazaridou
- Second Dermatology Department, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - B Richert
- Department of Dermatology, Brugmann & Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Vigarios
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - J Riganti
- Hospital Italiano of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - B Baroudjian
- Dermatology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Université de Paris, AP-HP, INSERM U976, Paris, France
| | - A Filoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - R Dodiuk-Gad
- Dermatology Department, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - C Lebbé
- Dermatology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Université de Paris, AP-HP, INSERM U976, Paris, France
| | - V Sibaud
- Oncodermatology Department, Cancer University Institute, Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
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Antimicrobial immunotherapeutics: past, present and future. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:609-628. [PMID: 34196722 DOI: 10.1042/etls20200348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this age of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobials. One area of recent interest is in developing antimicrobial effector molecules, and even cell-based therapies, based on those of the immune system. In this review, some of the more interesting approaches will be discussed, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, Interferons (IFNs), Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, Antibodies, Vaccines and the potential role of trained immunity in protection from and/or treatment of infection.
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