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Indonesia-Based Study of the Clinical and Cost-Saving Benefits of Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy for Children with Allergic Rhinitis in Private Practice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071841. [PMID: 34360010 PMCID: PMC8303991 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until now, the cost of allergy treatment in the insured public health care system and the non-insured self-financing private health care system in Indonesia has not been well documented and published, as well as the cost of allergy treatment with subcutaneous immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical and cost benefits of allergic rhinitis treatment in children with subcutaneous immunotherapy in a non-insured self-financing private health care system. METHODS A retrospective cohort study conducted from 2015 until 2020 that compared the clinical improvement and health care costs over 18 months in newly diagnosed AR children who received SCIT versus matched AR control subjects who did not receive SCIT, with each group consisting of 1098 subjects. RESULTS A decrease in sp-HDM-IgE level (kU/mL) from 20.5 + 8.75 kU/mL to 12.1 + 3.07 kU/mL was observed in the SCIT group. To reduce the symptom score of allergic rhinitis by 1.0 with SCIT, it costs IDR 21,753,062.7 per child, and for non-SCIT, it costs IDR 104,147,878.0 per child. Meanwhile, to reduce the medication score (MS) by 1.0 with SCIT, it costs IDR 17,024,138.8, while with non-SCIT, it costs IDR 104,147,878.0. Meanwhile, to lower combination symptoms and medication score (CSMS) by 1.0, with SCIT, it costs IDR 9,550,126.6, while with non-SCIT, it costs IDR 52,073,938.9. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this first Indonesia-based study demonstrates substantial health care cost savings associated with SCIT for children with AR in an uninsured private health care system and provides strong evidence for the clinical benefits and cost-savings benefits of AR treatment in children.
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Pfaar O, Agache I, Bergmann K, Bindslev‐Jensen C, Bousquet J, Creticos PS, Devillier P, Durham SR, Hellings P, Kaul S, Kleine‐Tebbe J, Klimek L, Jacobsen L, Jutel M, Muraro A, Papadopoulos NG, Rief W, Scadding GK, Schedlowski M, Shamji MH, Sturm G, Ree R, Vidal C, Vieths S, Wedi B, Gerth van Wijk R, Frew AJ. Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy-An EAACI Task Force Position Paper. Allergy 2021; 76:629-647. [PMID: 32324902 DOI: 10.1111/all.14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The placebo (Latin "I will please") effect commonly occurs in clinical trials. The psychological and physiological factors associated with patients' expectations about a treatment's positive and negative effects have yet to be well characterized, although a functional prefrontal cortex and intense bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the immune system appear to be prerequisites for a placebo effect. The use of placebo raises certain ethical issues, especially if patients in a placebo group are denied an effective treatment for a long period of time. The placebo effect appears to be relatively large (up to 77%, relative to pretreatment scores) in controlled clinical trials of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), such as the pivotal, double-blind, placebo-controlled (DBPC) randomized clinical trials currently required by regulatory authorities worldwide. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) therefore initiated a Task Force, in order to better understand the placebo effect in AIT and its specific role in comorbidities, blinding issues, adherence, measurement time points, variability and the natural course of the disease. In this Position Paper, the EAACI Task Force highlights several important topics regarding the placebo effect in AIT such as a) regulatory aspects, b) neuroimmunological and psychological mechanisms, c) placebo effect sizes in AIT trials, d) methodological limitations in AIT trial design and e) potential solutions in future AIT trial design. In conclusion, this Position Paper aims to examine the methodological problem of placebo in AIT from different aspects and also to highlight unmet needs and possible solutions for future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Section of Rhinology and Allergy University Hospital Marburg Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Karl‐Christian Bergmann
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Allergy‐Centre‐Charité Berlin Germany
| | - Carsten Bindslev‐Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Odense University Hospital Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA) Odense Denmark
| | - Jean Bousquet
- MACVIA‐France Montpellier France
- University Hospital Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Peter S. Creticos
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Creticos Research Group Crownsville MD USA
| | - Philippe Devillier
- Department of Airway Diseases, Exhalomics, Hôpital Foch Université Paris‐Saclay Suresnes France
| | - Stephen R. Durham
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - Peter Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology University Hospitals of Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience University of Ghent Ghent Belgium
| | - Susanne Kaul
- Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Langen Germany
| | - Jörg Kleine‐Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend Outpatient Clinic and Clinical Research Center Berlin Germany
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden Germany
| | - Lars Jacobsen
- ALC, Allergy Learning and Consulting Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
- All‐Med Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
| | - Antonella Muraro
- Food Allergy Referral Centre Padua University Hospital Padua Padua Italy
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- Division of Infection Immunity & Respiratory Medicine University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Allergy Department 2nd Pediatric Clinic University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Winfried Rief
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University of Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology University Clinic Essen Essen Germany
| | - Mohamed H. Shamji
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Imperial College London London UK
| | - Gunter Sturm
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
- Allergy Outpatient Clinic Reumannplatz Vienna Austria
| | - Ronald Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Vidal
- Department of Allergy and Faculty of Medicine University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago Spain
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Langen Germany
| | - Bettina Wedi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Comprehensive Allergy Center Hannover Germany
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Section of Allergology Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Anthony J. Frew
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Royal Sussex County Hospital University of Sussex and University of Brighton Brighton UK
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Boonpiyathad T, Tantilipikorn P, Ruxrungtham K, Pradubpongsa P, Mitthamsiri W, Piedvache A, Thantiworasit P, Sirivichayakul S, Jacquet A, Suratannon N, Chatchatee P, Morisaki N, Saito H, Sangasapaviriya A, Matsumoto K, Morita H. IL-10-producing innate lymphoid cells increased in patients with house dust mite allergic rhinitis following immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:1507-1510.e8. [PMID: 33137358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pongsakokorn Tantilipikorn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kiat Ruxrungtham
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Wat Mitthamsiri
- Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurélie Piedvache
- Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Sunee Sirivichayakul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narissara Suratannon
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pantipa Chatchatee
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naho Morisaki
- Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Morita
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
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Pfaar O, Gerth van Wijk R, Klimek L, Bousquet J, Creticos PS. Clinical trials in allergen immunotherapy in the age group of children and adolescents: current concepts and future needs. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:11. [PMID: 32346471 PMCID: PMC7181492 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment option available for allergic patients with disease-modifying intention. Both efficacy and safety has been demonstrated for multiple trials in children, adolescents and adults. Though regulatory requirements for marketing authorization have been clearly outlined and an increasing number of high quality trials has been initiated, multiple concepts and details in study design may be further elaborated, harmonized and improved. An international group of experts in the field of AIT has thoroughly reviewed and discussed current concepts and provided an outlook on further improvement especially in the age group of children and adolescents. Emphasis of the group's discussion as a basis for this article was put on (i) the regulatory background of marketing authorization of AIT products including the 'Pediatric Investigational Plan', (ii) patient reported outcomes and endpoints in AIT trials, (iii) considerations regarding the 'minimal clinically important difference', (iv) the role of placebo effects in AIT clinical trials and clinical routine and (v) the potential of mobile Health for future development of AIT. Current concepts in AIT have been optimized throughout the recent decades, but there remains room for improvement e.g., in the topics outlined in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pfaar
- 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - R Gerth van Wijk
- 2Section of Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - J Bousquet
- MACVIA-France, Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif en France, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site, Montpellier, France.,5INSERM U 1168, VIMA: Ageing and Chronic Diseases Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France, Universite Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - P S Creticos
- 6Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.,Creticos Research Group, Crownsville, MD 21032 USA
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Shin YS, Jung JW, Park JW, Choi JH, Kwon JW, Lee S, Kim JH, Lee SM, Ahn YM, Han MY. Clinical Efficacy of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy from Patient and Physician Perspectives. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:446-453. [PMID: 31016906 PMCID: PMC6479127 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.5.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for allergic diseases, but a few allergic patients receive AIT. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore patient and physician perspectives on AIT through a questionnaire survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS Allergic patients who received subcutaneous immunotherapy for at least 1 year were asked to answer a questionnaire developed by an expert panel of allergen and immunotherapy workgroup in Korea. RESULTS A total of 267 patients (adults, 60.3%) with allergic rhinitis (91.4%), asthma (42.7%), or atopic dermatitis (20.2%) from referred hospitals completed the survey. Among patients and physicians, respectively, the overall rates of satisfaction with AIT for allergic rhinitis were 86.4% and 83.3% (kappa agreement=0.234, p<0.001), and those for asthma were 85.3% and 72.9% (kappa agreement=0.373, p<0.001). Moreover, pediatric asthmatic patients reported a significantly higher satisfaction rate than adult asthmatic patients after AIT (p=0.040). Symptom severity (p<0.001, respectively) and drug use for allergic rhinitis and asthma decreased after AIT. However, there was no significant difference in satisfaction rates between children and adults in allergic rhinitis (p=0.736). Interestingly, 35.7% and 35% of allergic rhinitis and asthma patients, respectively, reported experiencing improvement in their symptoms within 6 months of starting AIT. CONCLUSION In this study evaluating the perspectives of patients and physicians on AIT, the majority of patients were satisfied with the efficacy and safety of AIT, but not its cost. AIT should be recommended for AR and allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Man Yong Han
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
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