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Benozzi SF, Unger G, Campion A, Milano PG, Pennacchiotti GL. Coffee intake one hour prior to phlebotomy produces no clinically significant changes in routine biochemical test results. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2023; 33:020705. [PMID: 37324115 PMCID: PMC10231766 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2023.020705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although current guidelines recommend not drinking coffee prior to phlebotomy, our hypothesis is that drinking coffee does not affect the clinical interpretation of biochemical and haematological test results. Materials and methods Twenty-seven volunteers were studied in basal state (T0) and 1h after (T1) drinking coffee. Routine haematological (Sysmex-XN1000 analyser) and biochemistry parameters (Vitros 4600 analyser) were studied. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon test (P < 0.05). A clinical change was considered when mean percent difference (MD%) was higher than the reference change value (RCV). Results Coffee intake produced statistically, but not clinically, significant: i) increases in haemoglobin (P = 0.009), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (P = 0.044), neutrophils (P = 0.001), albumin (P = 0.001), total protein (P = 0.000), cholesterol (P = 0.025), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.007), uric acid (P = 0.011), calcium (P = 0.001), potassium (P = 0.010), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.001), amylase (P = 0.026), and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.001), and ii) decreases in mean cell volume (P = 0.002), red cell distribution width (P = 0.001), eosinophils (P = 0.002), and lymphocytes (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.001), total bilirubin (P = 0.012), phosphorus (P = 0.001), magnesium (P = 0.007), and chloride (P = 0.001). Conclusion Drinking a cup of coffee 1 hour prior to phlebotomy produces no clinically significant changes in routine biochemical and haematological test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia F Benozzi
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gisela Unger
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Amparo Campion
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Hospital Municipal de Agudos "Dr. Leónidas Lucero", Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Pablo G Milano
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Graciela L Pennacchiotti
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Hospital Municipal de Agudos "Dr. Leónidas Lucero", Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Awwad S, Abu-Zaiton A, Issa R, Said R, Sundookah A, Habash M, Mohammad B, Abu-Samak M. The effect of excessive coffee consumption, in relation to diterpenes levels of medium-roasted coffee, on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in healthy men. PHARMACIA 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e90495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the levels of coffee oil and diterpenes and evaluate the correlation between the effect of excessive roasted coffee consumption on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL) and the roasting degree effect on the levels of coffee oil and diterpenes extracted from Coffea arabica. The coffee oil and diterpenes were extracted using soxhlet and liquid-liquid extraction. Sixty-six healthy normolipidemic male participants were assigned for this study which consisted of two stages. The first stage is the coffee abstaining stage where subjects were requested to abstain from drinking coffee for 2 weeks. The second stage is the coffee drinking stage which consisted of groups (the control group and coffee-drinking group). The levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and non-HDL were determined in all participants before and after the experiment. The results indicated that the coffee roasting degree demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of coffee oil and diterpenes ranging from 9.31% (green coffee) to 15.64% (dark roast) and from 0.205% (green coffee) to 0.300% (dark roast) for diterpenes. In conclusion, the current study revealed that excessive consumption of medium roasted coffee was associated with elevated non-HDL levels in normotensive nonsmoker healthy men which might be attributed to the positive association between the degree of roasting and diterpenes levels.
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Habash M, Al-shakhshir S, Abusamak M, Mohammad MY, AbuSamak M. The association of coffee consumption rate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, non-HDL levels, and TC/HDL ratio in females with vitamin D deficiency. WOMEN'S HEALTH 2022; 18:17455057221112268. [PMID: 35833670 PMCID: PMC9294539 DOI: 10.1177/17455057221112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of coffee consumption rate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in females with vitamin D deficiency. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out by studying the records of 270 Jordanian females aged 18–65 years with varying degrees of vitamin D deficiency. Following completion of the questionnaire regarding their anthropometric characteristics and coffee consumption rate during the preceding 3 months, the participants were required to provide blood samples for analysis to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lipid profile levels including non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. Results: The current study demonstrated that coffee consumption rate and vitamin D deficiency were significantly positively connected with the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ( p = .003) in women with vitamin D deficiency. In addition, vitamin D deficiency alone correlated positively with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ( p = .010) and ( p = .002), respectively. Conclusion: Higher coffee consumption rate among women with vitamin D deficiency significantly elevated total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio that may increase woman’s risk of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Habash
- Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan
| | - Sami Al-shakhshir
- Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Abusamak
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
- Amman Eye Clinic, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Mahmoud AbuSamak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Recent consumption of a caffeine-containing beverage and serum biomarkers of cardiometabolic function in the UK Biobank. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:582-590. [PMID: 33143770 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of recent caffeine drinking on glucose and other biomarkers of cardiometabolic function under free-living conditions while also accounting for lifestyle and genetic factors that alter caffeine metabolism and drinking behaviour. Up to 447 794 UK Biobank participants aged 37-73 years in 2006-2010 provided a non-fasting blood sample, for genetic and biomarker measures, and completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographics, medical history and lifestyle. Caffeine drinking (yes/no) about 1 h before blood collection was also recorded. Multivariable regressions were used to examine the association between recent caffeine drinking and serum levels of glycated Hb, glucose, lipids, apo, lipoprotein(a) and C-reactive protein. Men and women reporting recent caffeine drinking had clinically and significantly higher glucose levels than those not recently drinking caffeine (P < 0·0001). Larger effect sizes were observed among those 55+ years of age and with higher adiposity and longer fasting times (P ≤ 0·02 for interactions). Significant CYP1A2 rs2472297×caffeine and MLXIPL rs7800944 × caffeine interactions on glucose levels were observed among women (P = 0·004), with similar but non-significant interactions in men. Larger effect sizes were observed among women with rs2472297 CC or rs7800944 CC genotypes than among rs2472297 T or rs7800944 T carriers, respectively. In summary, men and women drinking caffeine within about 1 h of blood draw had higher glucose levels than those not drinking caffeine. Findings were modified by age, adiposity, fasting time and genetic factors related to caffeine metabolism and drinking behaviour. Implications for clinical and population studies of caffeine-containing beverages and cardiometabolic health are discussed.
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Hepburn S, Jankute M, Cornes MP, Rios NR, Stretton A, Costelloe SJ. Survey of patient perception of pre-analytical requirements for blood testing in the UK and RoI. Ann Clin Biochem 2020; 58:132-140. [PMID: 33275445 DOI: 10.1177/0004563220982325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A patient survey developed by the Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group of the Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine (ACB-PA-SIG) was conducted during November and December 2019. The survey aimed to determine the quality of information provided to patients in preparation for their blood test(s). In addition, the ACB-PA-SIG provide a number of recommendations, which, if adopted, may yield higher quality test results and improve patient management. METHODS The survey was distributed at phlebotomy suites in two Hospitals: Ipswich Hospital (United Kingdom [UK]), and Cork University Hospital (Republic of Ireland [RoI]). RESULTS Overall, 235 survey responses were received from the two sites. A total of 103 respondents received no information about preparing for their blood test and 92 had been told they did not need to fast. None of the patients surveyed had been instructed to fast for 12 h. Twenty-two patients had been told to avoid certain foods, drinks or medication, 14 were told to avoid strenuous activity and 41 respondents had been informed of the need to avoid alcohol/smoking prior to their blood test. Overall, only approximately 78 felt well informed about the blood taking process. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this survey, the ACB-PA-SIG conclude that: (1) clinicians should provide clear written information to patients regarding pre-analytical requirements; and (2) effective communication between laboratories and General Practitioners is required to disseminate information. In this paper, the ACB-PA-SIG provide a list of pre-analytical recommendations to standardize and improve practice across the UK and RoI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hepburn
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ipswich Hospital, East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Ipswich, UK
- Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group, London, UK
| | - M Jankute
- Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - M P Cornes
- Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Worcestershire Acute Hospital NHS Trust, Worcester, UK
| | - N Rico Rios
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - A Stretton
- Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group, London, UK
- Becton, Dickinson U.K. Ltd, Wokingham, UK
| | - S J Costelloe
- Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine Pre-Analytical Phase Special Interest Group, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Republic of Ireland
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Chang HC, Nfor ON, Ho CC, Chen PH, Kung YY, Hsu SY, Tantoh DM, Liaw YC, Hsieh CF, Liaw YP. Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Relation to Coffee Consumption Among Taiwanese Adults. J Multidiscip Healthc 2020; 13:1427-1432. [PMID: 33173304 PMCID: PMC7646403 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s276395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is essential for cardiometabolic health. Coffee consumption influences the body’s ability to regulate serum lipid profile. Although there is extensive information on coffee and cholesterol, not much is known whether changes in HDL-C concentrations are affected by coffee with or without flavoring substances. Materials and Methods Using historical data collected from 1272 participants in Li-Shin (Landseed) International Hospital in Northern Taiwan, we examined the relationship between HDL-C and consumption of plain black coffee with and without additives. Data on coffee consumption between 2006 and 2019 were collected based on self-reported questionnaires while HDL-C measurements were obtained from the electronic medical records of the hospital. t-test, chi-square test and multivariate linear regression analysis were used for analysis. Results In our primary analysis, we found that coffee consumption of ≥5 cups per week was positively associated with HDL-C (β = 1.9586, p=0.0442) compared with the lowest level (<1 cup/week) of consumption. We found in a separate model that higher (≥5 cups/week) or lower (1–4 cups/week) consumption of plain black coffee without additives was associated with higher HDL-C. The corresponding β values were 4.0674 (p = 0.0007) and 4.1253 (p = 0.0008), respectively. However, HDL-C levels were not affected by coffee with additives. Conclusion We found that consumption of black coffee without additives was associated with higher concentrations of HDL-C among Taiwanese adults over the age of 30. However, HDL-C levels did not change significantly among individuals who consumed black coffee with additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan City 324, Taiwan.,Department of Health Business Management Administration, Hungkuang University, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Kung
- Division of Health Management, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan City 324, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Liaw
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chuan-Fa Hsieh
- Department of Medical Education, Research & Quality Management, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan City 324, Taiwan.,College of Health Sciences & Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
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McAllister MJ, Waldman HS, Rentería LI, Gonzalez AE, Butawan MB, Bloomer RJ. Acute coffee ingestion with and without medium-chain triglycerides decreases blood oxidative stress markers and increases ketone levels. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:194-200. [PMID: 31689118 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ingestion of ketone supplements, caffeine, and medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) may all be effective strategies to increase blood levels of the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (D-BHB). However, acute ingestion of a bolus of lipids may increase oxidative stress (OS). The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of adding varying amounts of MCTs to coffee on blood levels of D-BHB and markers of OS. Ten college-aged men ingested coffee with 0, 28, and 42 g of MCT in a randomized order. Blood samples were collected pre- as well as 2 and 4 h postprandial and analyzed for D-BHB, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), glucose, triglycerides (TAG), insulin, and OS markers: advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). All three treatments resulted in a significant increase in D-BHB, HDL-c, and TC as well as a significant decrease in TAG, MDA, H2O2, and insulin. The 42 g treatment was associated with significantly higher levels of AOPP and MDA. Acute ingestion of coffee results in favorable changes to markers of cardiometabolic health that were not impacted by the addition of 28 g of MCT. However, 42 g of MCT caused significantly greater OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McAllister
- Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Hunter S Waldman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632, USA
| | - Liliana I Rentería
- Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Andrew E Gonzalez
- Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Matthew B Butawan
- School of Health Studies, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Richard J Bloomer
- School of Health Studies, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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Genetic and Non-Genetic Factor-Adjusted Association between Coffee Drinking and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Taiwanese Adults: Stratification by Sex. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051102. [PMID: 31108953 PMCID: PMC6566419 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of global mortality. We aimed to determine the effect of coffee drinking and sex and their interaction, as well as rs1800588 and rs1800775 polymorphisms on HDL-C levels in Taiwanese adults. Data of 4262 men and 4813 women, aged 30–70 years, were retrieved from Taiwan Biobank. The interaction between sex and coffee drinking on HDL-C was significant (p = 0.0452). Coffee consumption was significantly associated with higher HDL-C levels in only women (β = 0.81679; p = 0.0246). However, rs1800588 and rs1800775 variants were significantly associated with HDL-C in both sexes. In women, β-values were 0.99080; p = 0.0059 and 3.16277; p < 0.0001 for rs1800588 CT and TT genotypes, respectively and −1.80954; p < 0.0001 and −2.81512; p < 0.0001 for rs1800775 AC and CC genotypes, respectively. In men, β-values were 1.32430; p < 0.0001 and 3.24976; p < 0.0001 for rs1800775 CT and TT genotypes, respectively and −1.96232; p < 0.0001 and −2.71536, p < 0.0001 for the AC and CC genotypes, respectively. In conclusion, coffee drinking was significantly associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in women but not men after adjusting for confounders including rs1800588 (LIPC) and rs1800775 (CETP) variants.
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Buscemi S, Marventano S, Antoci M, Cagnetti A, Castorina G, Galvano F, Marranzano M, Mistretta A. Coffee and metabolic impairment: An updated review of epidemiological studies. NFS JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Karabudak E, Türközü D, Köksal E. Association between coffee consumption and serum lipid profile. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1841-1846. [PMID: 26136902 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between coffee consumption and serum lipid levels in a study population of 122 Turkish subjects (mean age, 41.4±12.69 years), including 48 males and 74 females. A questionnaire was compiled to determine baseline characteristics, and food and coffee consumption. Subjects were divided into three groups, which included non-drinkers, Turkish coffee and instant coffee drinkers, and anthropometric measurements were acquired, including weight, height and body mass index. Serum lipid levels were analyzed, including the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels. Of the population studied, 76.2% had consumed at least one cup of coffee per week over the previous year. Daily consumption values were 62.3±40.60 ml (0.7±0.50 cup) for Turkish coffee and 116.3±121.96 ml (0.7±0.81 cup) for instant coffee. No statistically significant differences were observed in the serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C or VLDL-C among the three groups. In addition, no statistically significant differences were observed in the serum lipid levels when comparing individuals who consumed coffee with sugar/cream or who smoked and those who did not (P>0.05). Therefore, the present observations indicated no significant association between the consumption of Turkish or instant coffee and serum lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efsun Karabudak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Duygu Türközü
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Eda Köksal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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Simundic A, Cornes M, Grankvist K, Lippi G, Nybo M. Standardization of collection requirements for fasting samples. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 432:33-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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