1
|
Maupin J, Hackman J. Food insecurity, morbidity, and susto: Factors associated with depression severity in Guatemala measured with the Personal Health Questionnaire 9. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1654-1662. [PMID: 34558338 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211047883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the largest contributor to non-fatal health loss globally and the majority of this burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, estimates of prevalence rates and severity in these contexts may be uncertain due to limited screening, lack of mental health providers, and stigma around mental disorders which may prevent individuals from seeking care. In Guatemala, estimates of depression vary, due in part to the range of screening and diagnostic instruments used and diversity of sample populations. Most studies emphasize personal experiences with violence as a predictor of depression in Guatemala, although high rates of inequality, discrimination, and resource scarcity in the country potentially play a role. AIMS In this study, we examine factors associated with depression severity categories measured with the Personal Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) among a random sample of women in a small urban community in the Central Highlands of Guatemala. METHODS Participants were recruited through a randomized sample of households in a small urban community. Participants completed a questionnaire which included questions on demographics, illness history, food insecurity, and the PHQ-9. In total, 101 women were included in the analysis. RESULTS Food insecurity, 2-week symptom reporting, and experiencing susto are associated with higher depression severity categories. CONCLUSION This research highlights need for more research on factors related to the prevalence and severity of mental disorders, and the relationship between mental disorders and cultural constructs of distress, particularly in areas like Guatemala with limited mental health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Maupin
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Joseph Hackman
- Department of Anthropology, Utah State University, Salt Lake City, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kowalczyk M, Kowalczyk E, Gogolewska M, Skrzypek M, Talarowska M, Majsterek I, Poplawski T, Kwiatkowski P, Sienkiewicz M. Association of polymorphic variants in GEMIN genes with the risk of depression in a Polish population. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14317. [PMID: 36405016 PMCID: PMC9673762 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of miRNA in depression is widely described by many researchers. miRNA is a final product of many genes involved in its formation (maturation). One of the final steps in the formation of miRNAs is the formation of the RISC complex, called the RNA-induced silencing complex, which includes, among others, GEMIN proteins. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may lead to disturbance of miRNA biogenesis and function. The objective of our research was to assess the relationship between the appearance of depression and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the GEMIN3 (rs197388) and GEMIN4 (rs7813; rs3744741) genes. Our research provides new knowledge on the genetic factors that influence the risk of depression. They can be used as an element of diagnostics helpful in identifying people at increased risk, as well as indicating people not at risk of depression. Methods A total of 218 participants were examined, including individuals with depressive disorders (n = 102; study group) and healthy people (n = 116, control group). All the patients in the study group and the people in the control group were non-related native Caucasian Poles from central Poland. Blood was collected from study and control groups in order to assess the SNPs of GEMIN genes. Results An analysis of the results obtained showed that in patient population, the risk of depression is almost doubled by polymorphic variants of the genes: rs197388/GEMIN3 genotype A/A in the recessive model and rs3744741/GEMIN4 genotype T/T, codominant and recessive model. The dual role of rs7813/GEMIN4 is noteworthy, where the G/A genotype in the codominant and over dominant model protects against depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Gogolewska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Skrzypek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Talarowska
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Poplawski
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Sienkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Almeida MM, da Silva LAV, Bastos FI, Guimarães MDC, Coutinho C, de Brito AM, Cavalcante S, Dourado I. Factors associated with symptoms of major depression disorder among transgender women in Northeast Brazil. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267795. [PMID: 36048808 PMCID: PMC9436078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transgender women (TGW) are one of the most vulnerable groups, including higher prevalence of HIV and mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression than in the general population. Major Depression Disorder (MDD) is one of the most important mental health conditions due to an increasing trend in prevalence in the general population. This study aims at describing the prevalence of symptoms of MDD (SMDD) and associated factors among TGW in capitals of three States in Northeast Brazil. METHODS TGW n = (864) were selected from the cities of Salvador (n = 166), Recife (n = 350), and Fortaleza (n = 348) using Respondent Driven Sampling methodology. Symptoms of MDD were defined according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare those with mild/moderate or moderately severe/severe symptoms of depression with those with no depression, respectively, using complex sample design. Weighted Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval were estimated. RESULTS 51.1% of the sample was classified as mild/moderate and 18.9% as moderately severe/severe SMDD. Mild/moderate SMDD was associated with a history of sexual violence (OR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.15-3.68), history of physical violence (OR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.20-3.67),) and poor self-rated quality of life (OR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.31-3.49).). Moderately severe/severe SMDD was associated with history of sexual violence (OR = 3.02, 95%CI: 1.17-7.77), history of physical violence (OR = 4.34, 95% CI:1.88-6.96), poor self-rated quality of life (OR = 3.32, 95%CI:1.804-6.12), lack of current social support (OR = 2.53, 95%IC: 1.31-4.88) and lack of family support in childhood (OR = 2.17, 95%IC 1.16-4.05)). CONCLUSIONS Our findings strengthens the evidence of a higher prevalence of SMDD among TGW as compared to the general population. Public health policies and actions that target social determinants of risk and protection for MDD among TGW must be urgently implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Augusto Vasconcelos da Silva
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Institute of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria de Brito
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Socorro Cavalcante
- Health Department of the State of Ceará and Municipality of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Inês Dourado
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Puppo S, Cormick G, Gibbons L, Rodríguez R, Correa M, Smith J, Marroquín V, Rozic P, Belizán JM, Schvartzman JA, Daray FM. The peripartum period involvement in the development of post-partum depression. A prospective cohort study. J Psychosom Res 2022; 155:110748. [PMID: 35134693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores postpartum depression (PPD) in women who screened negative in mid-pregnancy to assess the impact of the peripartum period on the development of depressive symptoms. METHODS A prospective cohort study was carried out in two facilities in Argentina. The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) scale was applied to pregnant women between weeks 20-24 gestation, and those screening negative (<10) were included in the cohort. Participants were followed up until the 4th week postpartum, when the EPDS was repeated. If positive, a semi-structured clinical interview was applied (MINI) to define the diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 112 pregnant women were eligible for the follow-up. At the 4th week postpartum, 14 women (12.5%, CI 95% 7.0; 20.1) screened positive using a cutoff point of 10 or more in the EPDS. Of those screened positive in the EPDS, two participants (1.8%, CI 95% 0.2-6.3) had a Major Depressive Disorder. Newborn admission to the Intensive Care Unit, hospitalization of the newborn after discharge, abuse during childbirth, and lack of company during labor were identified as peripartum risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study reinforces the relevance of women and newborn mental health care during the hospitalization process surrounding peripartum. The women and newborn hospitalization process should be better explored to understand the contribution to PPD and design and test strategies to alleviate the impact of maternal depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Puppo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Farmacología, Paraguay 2155, piso 9 (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Cormick
- Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Departamento de Salud, Universidad Nacional de La Matanza (UNLAM), San Justo 1903, Argentina
| | - Luz Gibbons
- Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocio Rodríguez
- Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Malena Correa
- Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Smith
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC-IUC - CONICET), University Hospital, Av. Galván 4102 (1431FWO), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Marroquín
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC-IUC - CONICET), University Hospital, Av. Galván 4102 (1431FWO), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Rozic
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC-IUC - CONICET), University Hospital, Av. Galván 4102 (1431FWO), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Belizán
- Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier A Schvartzman
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC-IUC - CONICET), University Hospital, Av. Galván 4102 (1431FWO), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico M Daray
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Farmacología, Paraguay 2155, piso 9 (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina..
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Depression and generalised anxiety and associated factors among adults in Bhutan: Results of national cross-sectional survey in 2019. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 67:102959. [PMID: 34871967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) in people 15 years in Bhutan in 2019. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 5575 people (15-69 years) who participated in the 2019 Bhutan STEPS survey. The proportion of mild MDD was 12.3% and moderate to severe MDD 2.0%, and the prevalence of mild GAD was 7.4% and moderate to severe GAD 1.7%. In adjusted ordinal logistic regression analysis, alcohol family problem (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR: 2.23, 95% Confidence Interval-CI: 1.35-3.68), suicidal behaviour (AOR: 7.69, 95% CI: 3.69-6.01), passive smoking (AOR: 7.69, 95% CI: 3.69-6.01), heart attack, angina or stroke (AOR: 3.32, 95% CI: 2.13-5.79), and current tobacco use (AOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.38-2.19) were positively, and middle-aged (30-44 years) (AOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-1.00) and male sex (AOR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.38-0.58) were negatively associated with mild and moderate-severe MDD. Medium wealth status (AOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.82), alcohol family problem (AOR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.29-4.31), suicidal behaviour (AOR: 6.11, 95% CI: 2.75-13.59), and heart attack, angina or stroke (AOR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.61-6.29), were positively, and male sex (AOR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.758) was negatively associated with mild and moderate-severe GAD. A low prevalence of mood disorders was found. Factors associated with MDD and/or GAD included sociodemographic factors (female sex, middle wealth status), psychosocial and environmental stressors (alcohol family problem, suicidal behaviour, passive smoking, heart attack, angina or stroke), and health risk behaviour (current tobacco use), which can be targeted in public health interventions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Torrente F, Yoris A, Low D, Lopez P, Bekinschtein P, Vázquez GH, Manes F, Cetkovich M. Psychological symptoms, mental fatigue and behavioural adherence after 72 continuous days of strict lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e10. [PMID: 34931146 PMCID: PMC8668400 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An early and prolonged lockdown was adopted in Argentina during the first wave of COVID-19. Early reports evidenced elevated psychological symptoms. AIMS To explore if the prolonged lockdown was associated with elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms; if mental fatigue was associated with lockdown adherence (a phenomenon called 'behavioural fatigue'); and if financial concerns were associated with lockdown adherence and emotional symptoms. METHOD The survey included standardised questionnaires to assess depressive (PHQ-9) and anxious (GAD-7) symptoms, mental fatigue, risk perception, lockdown adherence, financial concerns, daily stress, loneliness, intolerance to uncertainty, negative repetitive thinking and cognitive problems. LASSO regression analyses were carried out to predict depression, anxiety and lockdown adherence. RESULTS The survey reached 3617 adults (85.2% female) from all provinces of Argentina after 72 days of lockdown. Data were collected between 21 May 2020 and 4 June 2020. In that period, Argentina had an Oxford stringency index of 85/100. Of those surveyed, 45.6% and 27% met the cut-offs for depression and anxiety, respectively. Mental fatigue, cognitive failures and financial concerns were correlated with psychological symptoms, but not with adherence to lockdown. In regression models, mental fatigue, cognitive failures and loneliness were the most important variables to predict depression, intolerance to uncertainty and lockdown difficulty were the most important for anxiety, and perceived threat was the most important for predicting lockdown adherence. CONCLUSIONS During the extended lockdown, psychological symptoms increased, being enhanced by mental fatigue, cognitive difficulties and financial concerns. We found no evidence of behavioural fatigue. Thus, feeling mentally fatigued is not the same as being behaviourally fatigued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Torrente
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| | - Adrian Yoris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| | - Daniel Low
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School and MIT, USA
| | - Pablo Lopez
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| | - Pedro Bekinschtein
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| | | | - Facundo Manes
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Cetkovich
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina; and Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, National Council of Science and Technology, INECO Foundation and Favaloro University, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Daray FM, Hunter F, Mullen MM. Health-related quality of life in hospitalized non-psychiatric medical patients: The impact of depressive symptoms. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
8
|
Piskorz D, Puente Barragán A, López Santi R, Vázquez G, Solache Ortiz G, Ramírez Zambrano L, Méndez Castillo M, Roa C, Baños M, Guzmán Ramos M, Cabral L, Sánchez P, Spitz B, López Santi MP, Estrella J, Velarde González M, Rafael Horna E, Alexander B, Baranchuk A. Psychological Impact of the Pandemic on Ambulatory Cardiometabolic Patients Without Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. The CorCOVID Latam Psy Study. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 46:100737. [PMID: 33412349 PMCID: PMC7605724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic's mental health consequences remain unknown. AIM To assess the mental health status of ambulatory cardiometabolic patients during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Spanish speaking Latin American countries. METHODS Cardiometabolic patients without COVID-19 evidence in 13 Latin American countries answered a survey between June 15th and July 15th, 2020. The Diagnosis Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition was used to identify the presence of major depressive symptoms. RESULTS The sample included 4216 patients, 1590 (37.71%; IC95% 36.24-39.19) were considered suffering major depression. Female gender, consuming ≥5 medications day, physical activity <100 minutes weekly, low fruits and vegetables intake, poor treatment adherence, reduced food consumption were independently associated to the presence of major depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The CorCOVID Latam Psy study showed that one-third of the Latin American Spanish speaking population is suffering from major depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Roa
- Hospital Metropolitano de Santiago, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - Manuel Baños
- Departamento de Posgrado División Académica Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México
| | | | - Luz Cabral
- Centro Médico Nacional-Hospital Nacional Iatugua, Itaugua, Paraguay
| | - Piero Sánchez
- Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo. Essalud. Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Perú
| | | | | | - Javier Estrella
- Instituto Argentino de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Bryce Alexander
- Queen's University, Department of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrián Baranchuk
- Queen's University, Department of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Torrente F, Yoris A, Low D, Lopez P, Bekinschtein P, Manes F, Cetkovich M. Sooner than you think: A very early affective reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine in Argentina. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:495-503. [PMID: 33422827 PMCID: PMC8529255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The unique circumstances created by the COVID-19 pandemic pose serious challenges to mood stability and emotional regulation at all ages. Although many people tend to react resiliently to stress, others appear to display emotional anxiety and depression-related symptoms. In this study, we carried out a survey (N = 10,053) during the first week of the general lockdown (quarantine) in Argentina to measure early affective reactions in Argentine adults. Respondents showed substantial anxious and depressive symptoms, with 33% and 23% of participants reporting possible depressive and anxious syndromes, respectively, with the youngest group (18 to 25 y.o.) showing the highest prevalence of symptoms. Even if prior mental health problems predisposed or aggravated the reaction, participants without prior complaints showed signs of psychological impact. Using linear regression, the most important independent variables related to depressive symptoms were the feeling of loneliness followed by daily stress. In the case of anxious states, the strongest variables were negative repetitive thinking and feeling of loneliness. Other psychological, economic, and social factors are discussed. This study is in line with previous literature that highlight the importance of the psychological impact of pandemics, but additionally demonstrates that these reactions are present at a large scale immediately after the start of quarantine with very low infectious rates as an early anticipatory adaptive reaction leading to potential negative outcomes from adjustment disorders to major disorders. In addition, the present results provide potentially relevant information about sudden environmental impacts on affective states and specific pathways for anxiety and depression to be expressed. We end by discussing implications for public policy based on considering the most vulnerable groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Torrente
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina,Corresponding author
| | - A. Yoris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina
| | - D.M. Low
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School & MIT, USA
| | - P. Lopez
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina
| | - P. Bekinschtein
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina
| | - F. Manes
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina
| | - M. Cetkovich
- Institute of Neuroscience and Public Policy, INECO Foundation, Argentina,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neurosciences, (INECO Foundation-Favaloro University-CONICET), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hernández-Vásquez A, Vargas-Fernández R, Bendezu-Quispe G, Grendas LN. Depression in the Peruvian population and its associated factors: analysis of a national health survey. J Affect Disord 2020; 273:291-297. [PMID: 32421615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, the factors associated with the presence of depression or depressive symptoms in the Peruvian population have not been described. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the Peruvian population and its associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study of secondary data from 2018 Demographic and Family Health Survey was conducted. The survey database includes 31,996 participants over 18 years of age. The dependent variable of the analysis was the presence of depression during the 14 days before the survey measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Factors associated with the presence of depression were estimated with a proportional odds logistic regression model. RESULTS The overall prevalence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms was 6.4% (moderate and severe symptomatology in 3.9% [95% CI: 3.6-4.3] and 2.5% [95% CI: 2.2-2.7], respectively). Being a woman, belonging to the age groups of 45 to 64 years or 65 or older, living in the Andean region, and having high blood pressure or diabetes mellitus or some disability increased the probability of having clinically relevant depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS The use of the PHQ-9 tool to assess depressive symptomatology limits the evaluation to a period of two weeks before the survey, requiring further study for diagnosis confirmation. CONCLUSION Six out of 100 Peruvians presented moderate to severe clinically relevant depressive symptoms in 2018. Strategies for depression should contemplate population subgroups , such as women and patients with chronic diseases and disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Peru; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud. Lima, Peru.
| | | | - Guido Bendezu-Quispe
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud. Lima, Peru.
| | - Leandro Nicolás Grendas
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital General de Agudos "T. Álvarez". Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Santero M, Daray FM, Prado C, Hernández-Vásquez A, Irazola V. Association between religiosity and depression varies with age and sex among adults in South America: Evidence from the CESCAS I study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226622. [PMID: 31841570 PMCID: PMC6913958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have suggest that religiosity mitigates symptoms of depression. However, population-based data in South America are limited. This study determines the prevalence of religiosity and explores its association with depression in four cities of the Southern cone of Latin-America. In the CESCAS I study 7524 participants aged between 35 and 74 years old were recruited between 2011 and 2012 from randomly selected samples in 4 cities (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay). Religiosity was assessed with a questionnaire from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Two dimensions were used: 1) recognition as belonging to a religion; and 2) frequency of participation in religious activities. Depression was measured using the PHQ-9. Prevalence of religiosity was described by sociodemographic characteristics. Association between religiosity and depression was examined through logistic regression models controlling for sex, age and other potential confounders. Weekly religious activities were reported by 32.3% (95% CI: 30.1, 33.6) of participants. Prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE) was 14.6% (95% CI: 13.6, 15.6). After controlling for confounders, older women (≥65 years) who reported religious affiliation had 70% lower likelihood of having MDE (OR: 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1, 0.8). Moreover, in this group, women participating in religious activities more than once per week compared with “never” had 50% lower likelihood of having a MDE (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3, 0.9). No association between religious activities and depression was found in men. Religiosity is highly prevalent among adults in four cities of South America. Our study found an inverse association between religiosity and depression only in women, stronger in olders. Although longitudinal studies are necessary to determine the true nature of these relationships, religiosity may be a relevant factor that health care providers could take into account when exploring depression in their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Santero
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico M. Daray
- University of Buenos Aires, School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Prado
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Lima, Peru
- * E-mail:
| | - Vilma Irazola
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chauvet-Gelinier JC, Roussot A, Cottenet J, Brindisi MC, Petit JM, Bonin B, Vergès B, Quantin C. Depression and obesity, data from a national administrative database study: Geographic evidence for an epidemiological overlap. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210507. [PMID: 30620759 PMCID: PMC6324832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and obesity are two major conditions with both psychological and somatic burdens. Some data suggest strong connections between depression and obesity and more particularly associated prevalence of both disorders. However, little is known about the geographical distribution of these two diseases. This study aimed to determine if there is spatial overlap between obesity and depression using data from the entire French territory. Methods Data for 5,627 geographic codes for metropolitan France were collected from the two national hospital databases (PMSI-MCO and RIM-P) for the year 2016. We identified people who were depressed, obese or both registered in the two public medico-administrative databases, and we assessed their location. In addition, a multivariable analysis was performed in order to determine geographic interactions between obesity and depression after controlling for age, sex, environmental and socio-economic factors (social/material deprivation, urbanicity/rurality). Results 1,045,682 people aged 18 years and older were identified. The mapping analysis showed several cold and hot regional clusters of coinciding obesity and depression. The multivariable analysis demonstrated significant geographic interactions, with an increasing probability of finding a high prevalence of obesity in regions with major depression (OR 1.29 95% CI 1.13–1.49, p = 0.0002) and an increased probability of finding a high prevalence of depression in regions with a high ration of obesity (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.15–1.52, p<0.0001). Conclusion Our study confirms the significant bidirectional relationships between obesity and depression at a group level. French geographic patterns reveal a partial overlap between obesity and depression, suggesting these two diseases can be included in a common approach. Further studies should be done to increase the understanding of this complex comorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Chauvet-Gelinier
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Dijon University Hospital, France
- INSERM Research Center 866, Dijon, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Adrien Roussot
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jonathan Cottenet
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Inserm, CIC 1432, Dijon, Dijon University Hospital, Clinical Investigation Center, Clinical Epidemiology/ Clinical Trials Unit, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Claude Brindisi
- INSERM Research Center 866, Dijon, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Petit
- INSERM Research Center 866, Dijon, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Bernard Bonin
- Psy-DREPI Laboratory, EA7458, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Vergès
- INSERM Research Center 866, Dijon, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Quantin
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Inserm, CIC 1432, Dijon, Dijon University Hospital, Clinical Investigation Center, Clinical Epidemiology/ Clinical Trials Unit, Dijon, France
- Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases (B2PHI), INSERM, UVSQ, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Poggio R, Melendi S, Gutierrez L, Elorriaga N, Irazola V. Occupational Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Profile in the Adult Population of the Southern Cone of Latin America: Results From the CESCAS I Study. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 60:e470-e475. [PMID: 30020215 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We explore the association between occupational physical activity (OPA) and cardiovascular risk factors in four cities of the Southern Cone. METHODS Robust multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations. RESULTS The working population was constituted by 1868 men and 1672 women. Men performing high levels of OPA showed higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL; mean adj. diff. = 2.24 mg/dL; P = 0.004), lower levels of triglycerides (-24.59 mg/dL; P = 0.006), and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL ratio values (-0.21; P = 0.015) than reference. Women in the highest category of OPA had higher levels of HDL (2.85 mg/dL; P = 0.006), lower TC/HDL (0.27; P = 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein/HDL ratios (-0.18; P = 0.003) than sedentary activities. CONCLUSION Individuals who performed high levels of OPA did not exhibit a worse cardiovascular risk profile and an improvement on selected biomarkers was observed when compared with those performing sedentary activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Poggio
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
High prevalence of depressive symptoms in a national sample of adults in Indonesia: Childhood adversity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviour. Asian J Psychiatr 2018. [PMID: 29529418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate depressive symptoms and their association with sociodemographic factors, stressors and support, including childhood adversity, health status risk and behaviour in Indonesia. METHOD In a cross-sectional national population survey in 2014-15 in Indonesia, 31442 adults (mean age 37.3 years, SD = 14.9, age range 15-101 years) responded to the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) and various other measures. RESULTS Overall, 15.0% of participants reported moderate and 6.9% severe depressive symptoms, or 21.8% moderate or severe depressive symptoms (21.4% among men and 22.3% among women). In multivariable logistic regression among both men and women, sociodemographic factors (younger age, poor subjective economic background, being unemployed, residing in Java and main island groups), stressors (childhood hunger and poor or fair self-rated health status and having experienced disasters), lack of social trust and religiosity, having one or more chronic conditions, tobacco use and soft drink consumption were positively and obesity negatively associated with moderate or severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION High rates (21.8%) of depressive symptoms were found. Several risk factors including sociodemographic factors such as younger age, stressors, lack of social support, health risk status and behaviour variables were identified which can be utilized in guiding interventions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pham D, Cormick G, Amyx MM, Gibbons L, Doty M, Brown A, Norwood A, Daray FM, Althabe F, Belizán JM. Factors associated with postpartum depression in women from low socioeconomic level in Argentina: A hierarchical model approach. J Affect Disord 2018; 227:731-738. [PMID: 29179143 PMCID: PMC5805649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE to estimate the prevalence of depression at 4-week postpartum using the Edinburgh postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) in women who delivered in a public maternity hospital in Argentina. METHODS This prospective cohort study was carried out from March to August 2016 in northwest Argentina. Eligibility included delivering a singleton live birth 28 weeks of gestational age or over, 18 years or older and resided within 1h from the maternity hospital. Women were excluded if they or their newborn were in the intensive care unit. We defined a positive screening as an EPDS score of 10 or higher or a positive response to item 10, which indicates thoughts of self-harm. RESULTS A total of 587 women were enrolled and 539 women completed the home visit interview and the EPDS. A total of 167 (31.0%, 95% CI 27.1-35.1) mothers screened positive in the EPDS using a score ≥ 10 and 99 (18.4%, 95% CI 15.1-21.6%) using a score ≥ 13, which indicate increased severity of depressive symptoms. In both cases, the 23 (4.3%) women that responded as having thoughts of self-harm were included. CONCLUSION Nearly a third of women who participated had depressive symptoms at four weeks postpartum in a public hospital in Tucumán, Argentina. Socio-demographic, particularly personal psychiatric history, factors and social and cultural influences can impact results. Our results highlight the need for improved screening and better diagnostic tool for women with postpartum depression in Argentina and to investigate the impact of postpartum depressive symptoms on women's health and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pham
- Medical School, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, USA.
| | - Gabriela Cormick
- Mother and Child's Health Research Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Dr. Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Melissa M Amyx
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Luz Gibbons
- Mother and Child's Health Research Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Dr. Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Meitra Doty
- Medical School, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, USA.
| | - Asia Brown
- Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale University, USA.
| | - Angel Norwood
- Department of Psychology, Xavier University of Louisiana, USA.
| | - Federico M Daray
- University of Buenos Aires, School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Paraguay 2155, piso 9 (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fernando Althabe
- Mother and Child's Health Research Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Dr. Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - José M Belizán
- Mother and Child's Health Research Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Dr. Emilio Ravignani 2024 (C1414CPV), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Grendas L, Rodante D, Rojas S, Puppo S, Vidjen P, Lado G, Portela A, Daray FM. Determinants of mental and physical health-related quality of life among patients hospitalized for suicidal behavior. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:56-60. [PMID: 28734236 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study was interested in exploring the clinical factors related to mental and physical health-related quality of life among patients hospitalized for suicidal behavior. A multicenter cross-sectional study was designed to compare data obtained form 246 patients hospitalized for suicide behavior. Results suggest that mental health-related quality of life was negatively associated with hopelessness while physical health-related quality of life was negatively associated with age, medical disease and the number of previous suicide attempts and positively associated with employment. Findings are discussed in the context of theoretical evidence and clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Grendas
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; "Dr. Braulio A. Moyano" Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Demián Rodante
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; "Dr. Braulio A. Moyano" Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sasha Rojas
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AK, United States
| | - Soledad Puppo
- "José de San Martín" Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Vidjen
- "José Tiburcio Borda" Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gisela Lado
- "José Tiburcio Borda" Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Portela
- "José Tiburcio Borda" Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico M Daray
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|