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Diniz L, Carneiro M, Fonseca A, Shirahige L, Brito R, Melo L, Melo D, Austregésilo M, Piscitelli D, Monte-Silva K. Can electroencephalography (EEG) identify the different dimensions of pain in fibromyalgia? A pilot study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:705. [PMID: 39227893 PMCID: PMC11370227 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising tool for identifying the physiological biomarkers of fibromyalgia (FM). Evidence suggests differences in power band and density between individuals with FM and healthy controls. EEG changes appear to be associated with pain intensity; however, their relationship with the quality of pain has not been examined. We aimed to investigate whether abnormal EEG in the frontal and central points of the 10-20 EEG system in individuals with FM is associated with pain's sensory-discriminative and affective-motivational dimensions. The association between EEG and the two dimensions of emotional disorders (depression and anxiety) was also investigated. METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study, pain experience (pain rating index [PRI]) and two dimensions of emotional disorders (depression and anxiety) were assessed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire (PRI-sensory and PRI-affective) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively. In quantitative EEG analysis, the relative spectral power of each frequency band (delta, theta, alpha, and beta) was identified in the frontal and central points during rest. RESULTS A negative correlation was found between the relative spectral power for the delta bands in the frontal (r= -0.656; p = 0.028) and central points (r= -0.624; p = 0.040) and the PRI-affective scores. A positive correlation was found between the alpha bands in the frontal (r = 0.642; p = 0.033) and central points (r = 0.642; p = 0.033) and the PRI-affective scores. A negative correlation between the delta bands in the central points and the anxiety subscale of the HADS (r = -0.648; p = 0.031) was detected. CONCLUSION The affective-motivational dimension of pain and mood disorders may be related to abnormal patterns of electrical activity in patients with FM. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05962658).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luam Diniz
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maíra Carneiro
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - André Fonseca
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Shirahige
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brito
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Lorena Melo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Melo
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Marília Austregésilo
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Daniele Piscitelli
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, U-4137, Storrs, CT, 06269-1101, USA.
| | - Katia Monte-Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
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Gradwohl G, Snipes S, Walitza S, Huber R, Gerstenberg M. Timing and cortical region matter: theta power differences between teenagers affected by Major Depression and healthy controls. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:1105-1115. [PMID: 39105815 PMCID: PMC11365826 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
In adults affected by Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), most findings point to higher electroencephalographic (EEG) theta power during wake compared to healthy controls (HC) as a potential biomarker aiding the diagnostic process or subgrouping for stratified treatment. Besides these group differences, theta power is modulated by time of day, sleep/wake history, and age. Thus, we aimed at assessing if the time of recording alters theta power in teenagers affected by MDD or HC. Standardized wake EEG power was assessed with high-density EEG in 15 children and adolescents with MDD and in 15 age- and sex-matched HC in the evening and morning. Using a two-way ANOVA, group, time, and their interaction were tested. In patients, the current severity of depression was rated using the Children's Depression Rating Scale. Broadband EEG power was lower in the morning after sleep, with a significant interaction (group x time) in central regions in the 4-6 Hz range. In MDD relative to HC, theta power was decreased over occipital areas in the evening and increased over frontal areas in the morning. A higher frontal theta power was correlated with more severe depressive mood in the morning but not in the evening. This was a cross-sectional study design, including patients on antidepressant medication. In conclusion, depending on time of recording, region-specific opposite differences of theta power were found between teenagers with MDD and HC. These findings stress the importance of the time of the recording when investigating theta power's relationship to psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Gradwohl
- Lev Academic Center, Department of Computer Sciences, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sophia Snipes
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscicence Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscicence Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Gerstenberg
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Outpatient Services Winterthur, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Albanistrasse 24, Winterthur, 8400, Switzerland.
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Griffith O, Fornini R, Walter AE, Wilkes J, Bai X, Slobounov SM. Comorbidity of concussion and depression alters brain functional connectivity in collegiate student-athletes. Brain Res 2024; 1845:149200. [PMID: 39197571 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Depression and concussion are highly prevalent neuropsychological disorders that often occur simultaneously. However, due to the high degree of symptom overlap between the two events, including but not limited to headache, sleep disturbances, appetite changes, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating, they may be treated in isolation. Thus, clinical awareness of additive symptom load may be missed. This study measures neuropsychological and electroencephalography (EEG) alpha band coherence differences in collegiate student-athletes with history of comorbid depression and concussion, in comparison to those with a single morbidity and healthy controls (HC). 35 collegiate athletes completed neuropsychological screenings and EEG measures. Participants were grouped by concussion and depression history. Differences in alpha band coherence were calculated using two-way ANOVA with post hoc correction for multiple comparisons. Comorbid participants scored significantly worse on neuropsychological screening, BDI-FS, and PCSS than those with a single morbidity and HC. Two-way ANOVA by group revealed significant main effects of alpha band coherence for concussion, depression, and their interaction term. Post-hoc analysis showed that comorbid participants had more abnormal alpha band coherence than single morbidity, when compared to HC. Comorbidity of concussion and depression increased symptom reporting and revealed more altered alpha band coherence than single morbidity, compared to HC. The abnormalities of the comorbid group exclusively showed decreased alpha band coherence in comparison to healthy controls. The comorbidity of depression and SRC has a compounding effect on depression symptoms, post-concussion symptoms, and brain functional connectivity. This research demonstrates a promising objective measure in comorbid individuals, previously only measured via subjective symptom reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Griffith
- Department of Kinesiology, Penn State University, 19 Recreation Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Robert Fornini
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Road, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.
| | - Alexa E Walter
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
| | - James Wilkes
- Department of Kinesiology, Penn State University, 19 Recreation Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Xiaoxiao Bai
- Social, Life, and Engineering Sciences Imaging Center, Social Science Research Institute, Penn State University, 120F Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - S M Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, Penn State University, 19 Recreation Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Wang Q, Ren Z, Yue M, Zhao Y, Wang B, Zhao Z, Wen B, Hong Y, Chen Y, Zhao T, Wang N, Zhao P, Hong Y, Han X. A model for the diagnosis of anxiety in patients with epilepsy based on phase locking value and Lempel-Ziv complexity features of the electroencephalogram. Brain Res 2024; 1824:148662. [PMID: 37924926 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety disorders (AD) are critical factors that significantly (about one-fifth) impact the quality of life (QoL) in patients with epilepsy (PWE). Objective diagnostic methods have contributed to the identification of PWE susceptible to AD. This study aimed to identify AD in PWE by constructing a diagnostic model based on the phase locking value (PLV) and Lempel-Ziv Complexity (LZC) features of the electroencephalogram (EEG). METHODS EEG data from 131 patients with epilepsy (PWE) were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups, anxiety disorder (AD, n = 61) and non-anxiety disorder (NAD, n = 70), according to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). Support vector machine (SVM) and K-Nearest-Neighbor(KNN) algorithms were used to construct three models - the PLVEEG, LZCEEG, and PLVEEG + LZCEEG feature models. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the model performance. RESULTS The efficiency of the KNN-based PLCEEG + LZCEEG feature model was the best, and the accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC of the model after five-fold cross-validations scores were 87.89 %, 82.27 %, 98.33 %, 88.95 %, and 0.89, respectively. When the model efficiency was optimal, 29 EEG features were suggested. Further analysis of these features indicated 22 EEG features that were significantly different between the two groups, including 50 % features of the alpha (α)-band. CONCLUSIONS The PLVEEG + LZCEEG model features can identify AD in PWE. The PLVEEG and LZCEEG characteristics of the α-band may further be explored as potential biomarkers for AD in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Mengyan Yue
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yibo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zongya Zhao
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
| | - Bin Wen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yingxing Hong
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiong Han
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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Jang KI, Kim S, Chae JH, Lee C. Machine learning-based classification using electroencephalographic multi-paradigms between drug-naïve patients with depression and healthy controls. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:270-277. [PMID: 37271294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroencephalography (EEG) is a supplementary diagnostic tool in psychiatry but lacks practical usage. EEG has demonstrated inconsistent diagnostic ability because major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder with complex pathologies. In clinical psychiatry, it is essential to detect these complexities using multiple EEG paradigms. Though the application of machine learning to EEG signals in psychiatry has increased, an improvement in its classification performance is still required clinically. We tested the classification performance of multiple EEG paradigms in drug-naïve patients with MDD and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Thirty-one drug-naïve patients with MDD and 31 HCs were recruited in this study. Resting-state EEG (REEG), the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potentials (LDAEP), and P300 were recorded for all participants. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers with t-test-based feature selection were used to classify patients and HCs. RESULTS The highest accuracy was 94.52 % when 14 selected features, including 12 P300 amplitudes (P300A) and two LDAEP features, were layered. The accuracy was 90.32 % when a SVM classifier for 30 selected features (14 P300A, 14 LDAEP, and 2 REEG) was layered in comparison to each REEG, P300A, and LDAEP, the best accuracies of which were 71.57 % (2-layered with LDA), 87.12 % (1-layered with LDA), and 83.87 % (6-layered with SVM), respectively. LIMITATIONS The present study was limited by small sample size and difference in formal education year. CONCLUSIONS Multiple EEG paradigms are more beneficial than a single EEG paradigm for classifying drug-naïve patients with MDD and HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuk-In Jang
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkean Kim
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- Department of psychiatry, College of medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Shokouh Alaei H, Ghoshuni M, Vosough I. Directed brain network analysis in anxious and non-anxious depression based on EEG source reconstruction and graph theory. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Nisar R, Batool Z, Haider S. Electric foot-shock induces neurobehavioral aberrations due to imbalance in oxidative status, stress hormone, neurochemical profile, and irregular cortical-beta wave pattern in rats: A validated animal model of anxiety. Life Sci 2023; 323:121707. [PMID: 37084951 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders can be modeled on animals to investigate the neural mechanism underlying these disorders. Models of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, basically aim to produce the signs and symptoms of human anxiety disorders in laboratory animals. Electric foot-shock is recommended to induce anxiety-like symptoms in rodents. For this purpose, however, a range of current intensities is available in the literature. The present study aims to modify the existing practices of generating anxiety-like symptoms through electric foot-shock by identifying an optimum current intensity and combing it with behavioral paradigms to produce a rat model of anxiety. Furthermore, the validity of the model was confirmed by checking the fulfillment of three validity criteria necessary for the development of any disease model including face validity, construct validity, and predictive validity. In the current study, after pre-testing, 1.0 mA electric intensity was selected to produce the model of anxiety. The results showed that the induction of 1.0 mA electric foot-shock induces abnormal behavioral effects which were similar to anxiety-like effects as evident by social interaction test, light-dark transition test, and open field test. Moreover, aberrations in the levels of the stress hormone, oxidative stress parameters, hippocampal neurotransmitter levels, and cortical-EEG wave pattern were also observed in the rat model of anxiety which were successfully overcome using diazepam. In conclusion, the outcome of our study suggests that electric foot-shock can be an adequate stressor to produce a validated animal model of anxiety and this model can be confidently used to identify and screen new and/or novel anxiolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Nisar
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Huang MH, Fan SY, Lin IM. EEG coherences of the fronto-limbic circuit between patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls. J Affect Disord 2023; 331:112-120. [PMID: 36958482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imaging studies found that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) showed abnormal functional connectivity in the fronto-limbic circuit, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and limbic system (amygdala). This study used electroencephalography (EEG) coherence as an indicator of functional connectivity in the fronto-limbic circuit and examined the group differences between the MDD group and healthy controls (HC group), and the associations between EEG coherence and depressive symptoms. METHODS 125 and 132 participants in the MDD and HC groups have measured the symptoms of depression and anxiety, and delta, theta, alpha, and beta1-beta4 EEG coherences in the fronto-limbic circuit and examined the differences between the two groups, and the associations between the EEG coherence and depressive symptoms were examined. RESULTS Lower theta, alpha, beta1, beta3, and beta4 coherence in the fronto-limbic circuit and higher beta2 coherence between the PFC and limbic system in the MDD group than in the HC group. Negative correlations between delta, theta, beta1, beta3, and beta4 coherence and total depression, cognitive depression, and somatic depression; positive correlations between beta2 coherences in the PFC and limbic system, and total depression and cognitive depression scores in the MDD group. LIMITATIONS Whether low EEG coherence in the fronto-limbic circuit is applicable to other subtypes of MDD requires further study. CONCLUSIONS Low EEG coherences in the fronto-limbic circuit were related to depressive symptoms, and increased functional connectivity in the fronto-limbic circuit can be applied by neurofeedback in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Han Huang
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Fan
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Mei Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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The Resting State of Taiwan EEG Normative Database: Z-Scores of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder as the Cross-Validation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020351. [PMID: 36831893 PMCID: PMC9954681 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study referred to the standard of electroencephalography (EEG) collection of normative databases and collected the Taiwan normative database to examine the reliability and validation of the Taiwan EEG normative database. We included 260 healthy participants and divided them into five groups in 10-year age-group segments and calculated the EEG means, standard deviation, and z-scores. Internal consistency reliability was verified at different frequencies between the three electrode locations in the Taiwan normative database. We recruited 221 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients for cross-validation between the Taiwan and NeuroGuide normative databases. There were high internal consistency reliabilities for delta, theta, alpha, beta, and high-beta at C3, Cz, and C4 in the HC group. There were high correlations between the two z-scores of the Taiwan and NeuroGuide normative databases in the frontal, central, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes from MDD patients. The beta z-scores in the frontal lobe and central area, and the high-beta z-scores in the frontal, central, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes were greater than one for MDD patients; in addition, the beta and high-beta absolute value z-scores in the whole brain were greater than the ones of MDD patients. The Taiwan EEG normative database has good psychometric characteristics of internal consistency reliability and cross-validation.
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Saffari F, Kakaria S, Bigné E, Bruni LE, Zarei S, Ramsøy TZ. Motivation in the metaverse: A dual-process approach to consumer choices in a virtual reality supermarket. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1062980. [PMID: 36875641 PMCID: PMC9978781 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1062980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Consumer decision-making processes involve a complex interrelation between perception, emotion, and cognition. Despite a vast and diverse literature, little effort has been invested in investigating the neural mechanism behind such processes. Methods In the present work, our interest was to investigate whether asymmetrical activation of the frontal lobe of the brain could help to characterize consumer's choices. To obtain stronger experimental control, we devised an experiment in a virtual reality retail store, while simultaneously recording participant brain responses using electroencephalogram (EEG). During the virtual store test, participants completed two tasks; first, to choose items from a predefined shopping list, a phase we termed as "planned purchase". Second, subjects were instructed that they could also choose products that were not on the list, which we labeled as "unplanned purchase." We assumed that the planned purchases were associated with a stronger cognitive engagement, and the second task was more reliant on immediate emotional responses. Results By analyzing the EEG data based on frontal asymmetry measures, we find that frontal asymmetry in the gamma band reflected the distinction between planned and unplanned decisions, where unplanned purchases were accompanied by stronger asymmetry deflections (relative frontal left activity was higher). In addition, frontal asymmetry in the alpha, beta, and gamma ranges illustrate clear differences between choices and no-choices periods during the shopping tasks. Discussion These results are discussed in light of the distinction between planned and unplanned purchase in consumer situations, how this is reflected in the relative cognitive and emotional brain responses, and more generally how this can influence research in the emerging area of virtual and augmented shopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Saffari
- Neurons Inc., Høje-Taastrup Municipality, Denmark.,Augmented Cognition Lab, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shobhit Kakaria
- Faculty of Economics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Bigné
- Faculty of Economics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis E Bruni
- Augmented Cognition Lab, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sahar Zarei
- Neurons Inc., Høje-Taastrup Municipality, Denmark
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Wu Z, Zhong X, Lin G, Peng Q, Zhang M, Zhou H, Wang Q, Chen B, Ning Y. Resting-state electroencephalography of neural oscillation and functional connectivity patterns in late-life depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 316:169-176. [PMID: 35931231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical manifestations of late-life depression (LLD) are highly heterogeneous. Currently, abnormal characteristics of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) power and functional connectivity are considered trait markers of depressive symptoms in major depression. However, the relationship between EEG spectral features and functional connectivity in LLD remains unknown. METHODS Forty-one patients with LLD and 44 participants without depression underwent an eyes-closed resting-state EEG. EEG power spectra, alpha asymmetry, and functional connectivity were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS Although alpha frontal asymmetry and cortical functional connectivity between the two groups showed no significant differences, the LLD group exhibited abnormal neural oscillation patterns of higher beta frequency activity in the parietal, central, and occipital lobes while alpha activity was increased in the parietal central electrodes. LIMITATIONS The number of EEG electrodes used in this study was low, and the sample size was limited. CONCLUSIONS Increased alpha and beta frequency band powers were observed in patients with LLD. These abnormal patterns may be associated with a disturbed balance of cortical excitation, inhibition, and hyperactivity. In the future, a neurofeedback protocol based on the findings of neural oscillation patterns in certain types of LLD should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangying Wu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Gaohong Lin
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Huarong Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ben Chen
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China.
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Lin IM, Yu HE, Yeh YC, Huang MF, Wu KT, Ke CLK, Lin PY, Yen CF. Prefrontal Lobe and Posterior Cingulate Cortex Activations in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder by Using Standardized Weighted Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1054. [PMID: 34834408 PMCID: PMC8622917 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differences in brain activity between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy adults have been confirmed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and electroencephalography (EEG). The prefrontal lobe and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) are related to emotional regulation in patients with MDD. However, the high cost and poor time resolution of fMRI and PET limit their clinical application. Recently, researchers have used high time resolution of standardized weighted low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (swLORETA) to investigate deep brain activity. This study aimed to convert raw EEG signals into swLORETA images and explore deep brain activity in patients with MDD and healthy adults. METHODS BrainMaster EEG equipment with a 19-channel EEG cap was used to collect resting EEG data with eyes closed for 5 min. NeuroGuide software was used to remove the EEG artifacts, and the swLORETA software was used to analyze 12,700 voxels of current source density (CSD) for 139 patients with MDD and co-morbid anxiety symptoms (mean age = 43.08, SD = 13.76; 28.78% were male) and 134 healthy adults (mean age = 40.60, SD = 13.52; 34.33% were male). Deep brain activity in the frontal lobe and PCC at different frequency bands was analyzed, including delta (1-4 Hz), theta (5-7 Hz), alpha (8-11 Hz), beta (12-24 Hz), beta1 (12-14 Hz), beta2 (15-17 Hz), beta3 (18-24 Hz), and high beta (25-29 Hz). RESULTS There was lower delta and theta and higher beta, beta1, beta2, beta3, and high-beta activity at the prefrontal lobe (dorsal medial prefrontal cortex [dmPFC], ventral medial prefrontal cortex [vmPFC], and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex [dlPFC], ventral lateral prefrontal cortex [vlPFC], orbital frontal cortex [OFC]) and PCC in MDD patients compared with healthy adults. There was no significant difference in alpha activity between the two groups. CONCLUSION This study indicates brain hyperactivity in the right prefrontal lobe (dlPFC and vmPFC) and PCC in patients with MDD with co-morbid anxiety symptoms, and the dlPFC and PCC were also related to emotion regulation in MDD. Inhibiting high-beta activity or restoring delta and theta activity to the normal range in the right frontal lobe and PCC may be possible in z-score neurofeedback protocols for patients with MDD in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mei Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hong-En Yu
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.Y.); (M.-F.H.); (C.-L.K.K.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-F.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Feng Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.Y.); (M.-F.H.); (C.-L.K.K.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-F.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ta Wu
- Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-Li Khale Ke
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.Y.); (M.-F.H.); (C.-L.K.K.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-F.Y.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal SiaoGang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.Y.); (M.-F.H.); (C.-L.K.K.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-F.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal SiaoGang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.Y.); (M.-F.H.); (C.-L.K.K.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-F.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
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