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Sheehan JL, Jordan AA, Newman KL, Johnson LA, Eloubeidi D, Cohen-Mekelburg S, Berinstein JA, Tipirneni R, Higgins PDR. Are Depression and Anxiety Underdiagnosed in Socially Vulnerable Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:1696-1706. [PMID: 37878586 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, little is understood about how social determinants of health (SDOH) may impact mental health diagnoses in this population. The social vulnerability index (SVI) is a publicly available tool that can be used to study SDOH in IBD patients. METHODS Home addresses from a retrospective cohort of IBD patients at a single center were used to geocode patients to their individual census tract and corresponding SVI. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between SVI and comorbid mental health diagnoses in patients with IBD. Secondarily, data from standardized health questionnaires were then used to determine if patients were adequately screened for depression and anxiety. RESULTS In all, 9644 patients were included; 18% had a diagnosis of depression, 21% anxiety, and 32% had a composite of "any mental health diagnosis." Depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.56) but not anxiety (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.71-1.06) nor "any mental health diagnosis" (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.92-1.30) was associated with higher levels of social vulnerability. However, overall rates of screening for depression and anxiety were low (15% and 8%, respectively), with the lowest screening rates among the most socially vulnerable (depression 8.2%, anxiety 6.3%). CONCLUSIONS Disparities in the diagnoses of depression and anxiety for socially vulnerable patients with IBD exist. Awareness of these inequities is the first step toward developing interventions to improve mental health screening, eliminate barriers and bias, and promote referrals for appropriate mental health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Sheehan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ariel A Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kira L Newman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura A Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dala Eloubeidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shirley Cohen-Mekelburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health Care System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Berinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Renuka Tipirneni
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter D R Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Shen XY, Chen L, Yuan L, Zhu YQ, Cai XM, Guan YM, Luo WY. Analysis of prescription compliance and influencing factors in cardiac rehabilitation after surgery in children with congenital heart disease based on generalized trust theory. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024; 23:627-634. [PMID: 38165000 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To understand the compliance, influencing factors, and action path of family cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions for children after congenital heart disease surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS A random sampling method was used to select 200 paediatric patients and their parents from a paediatric hospital in Shanghai. Among them, 57 cases (28.5%) of children's families followed the cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescription. Path analysis showed that peak oxygen uptake exerted a negative impact on the compliance of family cardiac-rehabilitation prescriptions for patients after congenital heart disease surgery through doctor-patient trust, with a standardized path coefficient of -0.246 (P = 0.001). Disease-related knowledge exerted a positive effect on the compliance of family cardiac-rehabilitation prescriptions for children after congenital heart surgery through doctor-patient trust, with a standardized path coefficient of 0.353 (P < 0.001). The dimension of friend support in social support had a direct positive effect on the compliance of family cardiac-rehabilitation prescriptions for children after cardiac surgery, with a standardized path coefficient of 0.641 (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION The compliance of cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescription in children with congenital heart disease is not good and is affected by many factors, and there is a complex path relationship between various factors; the kilogram oxygen consumption of the child, the disease-related knowledge of the caregiver, and social support all play important roles in the compliance of the child's family's health prescription. REGISTRATION ChiCTR2200062022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Shen
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Qi Zhu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Man Cai
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Mei Guan
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Yi Luo
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1678 Dongfang Road, 200127 Shanghai, China
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Wojciechowski TW. Major depressive disorder as a moderator of the relationship between heavy-episodic drinking and anxiety symptoms. J Ment Health 2024; 33:443-450. [PMID: 37571956 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2023.2245889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder and heavy-episodic drinking are risk factors for the development of anxiety. However, the interactive effect between these constructs for predicting anxiety symptoms remains understudied. AIMS This study sought to examine how major depressive disorder moderates the relationship between heavy-episodic drinking frequency and the development of anxiety symptoms in adolescence and emerging adulthood among a sample of justice-involved youth, with expectations that the salience of this relationship may differ based on life-course stage. METHODS Several waves of the Pathways to Desistance study were analyzed. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to test the direct and interactive effects of major depressive disorder and heavy-episodic drinking frequency on anxiety symptoms at follow-up in adolescence and emerging adulthood separately. RESULTS Results indicated that there was a significant negative interaction between major depressive disorder and heavy-episodic drinking frequency for predicting anxiety scores in both adolescence and emerging adulthood, though the results for adolescence were more robust. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest youth without major depressive disorder that engage in heavy-episodic drinking may be a priority population for treating anxiety issues, but that ceiling effects may limit the impact of the behavior on anxiety on youth with major depressive disorder.
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Witaszek T, Kłoda K, Mastalerz-Migas A, Babicki M. Association between Symptoms of Depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Evaluated through PHQ-9 and GAD-7 and Anti-Obesity Treatment in Polish Adult Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:2438. [PMID: 39125320 PMCID: PMC11314622 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity impacts mental health greatly. Psychological factors may influence the effectiveness of its treatment. This study aimed to compare symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder and depression among adult women across different weight categories. The study sample comprised 1105 adult women. The computer-assisted web interview (CAWI) utilising the seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7) and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used. Both GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores correlated positively with BMI (r = 0.121, p < 0.001 and r = 0.173, p < 0.001, respectively) and negatively with age (r = -0.106, p < 0.001 and r = -0.103, p < 0.001, respectively). Patients undergoing treatment with semaglutide scored lower for both anxiety symptoms (8.71 ± 6.16, p = 0.013) and depression symptoms (9.76 ± 6.37, p = 0.013). Women who underwent bariatric surgery screened less frequently for anxiety (8.03 ± 6.27, p = 0.002) but not for depression. An interdisciplinary approach involving mental health professionals within the therapeutic team can comprehensively address factors contributing to obesity development and treatment outcomes. Further investigation of semaglutide's use is needed due to the promising evidence suggesting a positive effect on decreasing the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms to assess the direct or indirect character of this influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Witaszek
- Tomasz Witaszek-Gabinet Leczenia Otyłości, ul. Józefińska 33/8, 30-529 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Kłoda
- MEDFIT Karolina Kłoda, ul. Narutowicza 13E/11, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (A.M.-M.); (M.B.)
| | - Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (A.M.-M.); (M.B.)
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Weinschenk A, Smith K. Is political anxiety different than general anxiety? Politics Life Sci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38742378 DOI: 10.1017/pls.2024.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in the concept of political anxiety. One important question that remains unanswered is whether political anxiety is just a symptom of general anxiety-that those reporting anxiety tied to politics are the same individuals who would already score highly on measures of general anxiety. Using survey data collected in 2023 (N = 436), we find that measures of political and generalized anxiety do not appear to be tapping into a single underlying construct. In addition, the systematic correlates of these measures identified by previous literature are not equivalent predictors of the different types of anxiety. Politics seems to be a source of apprehensiveness and worry that affects individuals who are not necessarily suffering from general anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Weinschenk
- Department of Political Science (and Psychology), University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Kevin Smith
- Department of Political Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Alnasser LA, Moro MF, Naseem MT, Bilal L, Akkad M, Almeghim R, Al-Habeeb A, Al-Subaie AS, Altwaijri YA. Social determinants of anxiety and mood disorders in a nationally-representative sample - Results from the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS). Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:166-181. [PMID: 37740657 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231197944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social determinants of health (SDH) influence and modify the risk for mental health disorders. To our knowledge, no study has explored SDH in the context of mental health in Saudi Arabia (SA) using population-based data. This study investigated the association between several SDH and anxiety and mood disorders in SA. METHODS We utilized data from the nationally-representative Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS) conducted in 2014 to 2016. This study examined associations between personal-level, socioeconomic, physical health, and family environment characteristics and anxiety and mood disorders. Participants were classified as having anxiety-only disorders, mood-only disorders, or comorbidity of both disorders. Multinomial logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations between SDH and anxiety and/or mood disorders, comparing them to participants who had not experienced these disorders. RESULTS A total of 4,004 participants were included in this analysis; the lifetime prevalence of disorders was: anxiety only (18%), mood only (3.8%), and comorbidity of both (5.3%). Regression models indicated that females, young adults (26-35 years), individuals with a higher level of education, and those who were separated or widowed had higher odds of experiencing anxiety and/or mood disorders. Furthermore, there was a significant and direct association between having physical chronic conditions and all three categories of anxiety and mood disorders. Experiencing Adverse Childhood Events (ACEs) was also associated with a significant risk of developing anxiety and/or mood disorders, with the highest risk associated with physical or sexual abuse, followed by violence and neglect. CONCLUSION This study underscores the correlation between several personal-level, socioeconomic, and environmental SDH and anxiety and mood disorders in SA. These findings provide a foundation for future analyses examining the intricate interplay between upstream and downstream SDH in SA. Such research can enhance local scientific knowledge, aid in planning for social services, and inform policy decisions and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna A Alnasser
- Population Health Research Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Talal Naseem
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa Bilal
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marya Akkad
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Almeghim
- Population Health Research Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhameed Al-Habeeb
- National Center for Mental Health Prevention, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Al-Subaie
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Edrak Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin A Altwaijri
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pan C, Liu L, Cheng S, Yang X, Meng P, Zhang N, He D, Chen Y, Li C, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Cheng B, Wen Y, Jia Y, Liu H, Zhang F. A multidimensional social risk atlas of depression and anxiety: An observational and genome-wide environmental interaction study. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04146. [PMID: 38063329 PMCID: PMC10704948 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental disorders are largely socially determined, yet the combined impact of multidimensional social factors on the two most common mental disorders, depression and anxiety, remains unclear. Methods We constructed a polysocial risk score (PsRS), a multidimensional social risk indicator including components from three domains: socioeconomic status, neighborhood and living environment and psychosocial factors. Supported by the UK Biobank cohort, we randomly divided 110 332 participants into the discovery cohort (60%; n = 66 200) and the replication cohort (40%; n = 44 134). We tested the associations between 13 single social factors with Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) score, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD) score and self-reported depression and anxiety. The significant social factors were used to calculate PsRS for each mental disorder by considering weights from the multivariable linear model. Generalized linear models were applied to explore the association between PsRS and depression and anxiety. Genome-wide environmental interaction study (GWEIS) was further performed to test the effect of interactions between PsRS and SNPs on the risk of mental phenotypes. Results In the discovery cohort, PsRS was positively associated with PHQ score (β = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.35-0.38), GAD score (β = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.25-0.28), risk of self-reported depression (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.28-1.31) and anxiety (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.19-1.23). Similar results were observed in the replication cohort. Emotional stress, lack of social support and low household income were significantly associated with the development of depression and anxiety. GWEIS identified multiple candidate loci for PHQ score, such as rs149137169 (ST18) (Pdiscovery = 1.08 × 10-8, Preplication = 3.25 × 10-6) and rs3759812 (MYO9A) (Pdiscovery = 3.87 × 10-9, Preplication = 6.21 × 10-5). Additionally, seven loci were detected for GAD score, such as rs114006170 (TMPRSS11D) (Pdiscovery = 1.14 × 10-9, Preplication = 7.36 × 10-5) and rs77927903 (PIP4K2A) (Pdiscovery = 2.40 × 10-9, Preplication = 0.002). Conclusions Our findings reveal the positive effects of multidimensional social factors on the risk of depression and anxiety. It is important to address key social disadvantage in mental health promotion and treatment.
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Kim YS, Choi SC. Socioeconomic Disparities: A Possible Clue to a Puzzle Encompassing Organic to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 28:512-514. [PMID: 36250357 PMCID: PMC9577573 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sung Kim
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonlabuk-do, Korea.,Good Breath Clinic, Gunpo, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Suck Chei Choi
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonlabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonlabuk-do, Korea
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