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Sharma S, Chawla S, Kumar P, Ahmad R, Kumar Verma P. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) Paradigm: Bridging the gap in depression research from bench to bedside. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149123. [PMID: 39025397 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a complicated neuropsychiatric condition with an incompletely understoodetiology, making the discovery of effective therapies challenging. Animal models have been crucial in improving our understanding of depression and enabling antidepressant medication development. The CUMS model has significant face validity since it induces fundamental depression symptoms in humans, such as anhedonia, behavioral despair, anxiety, cognitive impairments, and changes in sleep, food, and social behavior. Its construct validity is demonstrated by the dysregulation of neurobiological systems involved in depression, including monoaminergic neurotransmission, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroinflammatory processes, and structural brain alterations. Critically, the model's predictive validity is demonstrated by the reversal of CUMS-induced deficits following treatment with clinically effective antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. This review comprehensivelyassesses the multifarious depressive-like phenotypes in the CUMS model using behavioral paradigms like sucrose preference, forced swim, tail suspension, elevated plus maze, and novel object recognition tests. It investigates the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie CUMS-induced behaviors, including signaling pathways involving tumor necrosis factor-alpha, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor TrkB, cyclooxygenase-2, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, and the kynurenine pathway. This review emphasizes the CUMS model's importance as a translationally relevant tool for unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying depression and facilitating the development of improved and targeted interventions for this debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder by providing a comprehensive overview of its validity, behavioral assessments, and neurobiological underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of PharmaceuticalEducation & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shivani Chawla
- Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of PharmaceuticalEducation & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India.
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Conrad CD, Peay DN, Acuña AM, Whittaker K, Donnay ME. Corticosterone disrupts spatial working memory during retention testing when highly taxed, which positively correlates with depressive-like behavior in middle-aged, ovariectomized female rats. Horm Behav 2024; 164:105600. [PMID: 39003890 PMCID: PMC11330725 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder affects 8.4 % of the U.S. population, particularly women during perimenopause. This study implemented a chronic corticosterone manipulation (CORT, a major rodent stress hormone) using middle-aged, ovariectomized female rats to investigate depressive-like behavior, anxiety-like symptoms, and cognitive ability. CORT (400 μg/ml, in drinking water) was administered for four weeks before behavioral testing began and continued throughout all behavioral assessments. Compared to vehicle-treated rats, CORT significantly intensified depressive-like behaviors: CORT decreased sucrose preference, enhanced immobility on the forced swim test, and decreased sociability on a choice task between a novel conspecific female rat and an inanimate object. Moreover, CORT enhanced anxiety-like behavior on a marble bury task by reducing time investigating tabasco-topped marbles. No effects were observed on novelty suppressed feeding or the elevated plus maze. For spatial working memory using an 8-arm radial arm maze, CORT did not alter acquisition but disrupted performance during retention. CORT enhanced the errors committed during the highest working memory load following a delay and during the last trial requiring the most items to remember; this cognitive metric positively correlated with a composite depressive-like score to reveal that as depressive-like symptoms increased, cognitive performance worsened. This protocol allowed for the inclusion of multiple behavioral assessments without stopping the CORT treatment needed to produce a MDD phenotype and to assess a battery of behaviors. Moreover, that when middle-age was targeted, chronic CORT produced a depressive-like phenotype in ovariectomized females, who also comorbidly expressed aspects of anxiety and cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl D Conrad
- Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Box 1104, Tempe 85287, AZ, United States.
| | - Dylan N Peay
- Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Box 1104, Tempe 85287, AZ, United States
| | - Amanda M Acuña
- Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Box 1104, Tempe 85287, AZ, United States
| | - Kennedy Whittaker
- Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Box 1104, Tempe 85287, AZ, United States
| | - Megan E Donnay
- Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Box 1104, Tempe 85287, AZ, United States
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Nexha A, Pilz LK, Oliveira MAB, Xavier NB, Borges RB, Frey BN, Hidalgo MPL. Greater within- and between-day instability is associated with worse anxiety and depression symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:215-223. [PMID: 38582128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and their prevalence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as social schedules were disrupted. This study explores the associations between anxiety and depression and within- and between-day instability of affective, somatic, and cognitive symptoms during the early pandemic stages. METHODS Participants (n = 153, ages 18-77, 72 % female) reported daily levels of affective (anxiety/sadness), somatic (appetite/sleepiness), and cognitive (concentration/energy) symptoms for 14-44 days at five timepoints: 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after awakening. At the end of the study, participants completed validated scales for anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9). Symptom instability was assessed using the Absolute Real Variability (ARV) index. Regression models examined within-day instability (WD-I) and between-day instability (BD-I) with GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores as outcomes. RESULTS Greater instability (both WD-I and BD-I) of affective symptoms correlated with elevated GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. For somatic and cognitive symptoms, greater BD-I was associated with higher scores. LIMITATIONS The study used retrospective daily data, which could benefit from real-time assessments for improved accuracy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical evidence of a connection between greater anxiety and depression severity and increased instability in daily mood and physiological symptoms. The findings underscore the importance of consistent symptom monitoring to understand overall mental health trajectories. Additionally, it highlights the role of daily routines in stabilizing the circadian system, potentially regulating physiological and psychological processes and reducing symptom instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adile Nexha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Luísa K Pilz
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine CCM/CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; ECRC Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melissa A B Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicoli B Xavier
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rogério Boff Borges
- Biostatistics Unit - Research Board (DIPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada; Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Maria Paz L Hidalgo
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ren Z, Xiao L, Xie Y, Huang Z, Lin S, Si L, Wang G. Effects of testosterone dose on depression-like behavior among castrated adult male rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 165:107046. [PMID: 38626557 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has shown a decrease in serum testosterone levels in male patients with depression. In recent years, the results of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) to improve depression have been mixed. Using the classic CUMS model, we induced depressive-like behaviors in rats and observed a decrease in their serum testosterone levels along with an increase in androgen receptor expression in the hippocampus. We then performed castration and sham surgery on male rats and found that testosterone deprivation led to the manifestation of depressive-like behavior that could be ameliorated by TRT. Through a repeated measures experiment consisting of five blocks over a period of 25 days, we discovered that the reduction in depressive-like behavior in testosterone-deprived rats began 22 days after drug administration (0.5 and 0.25 mg/rat). Furthermore, rats in 0.5mgT group showed the most significant improvements. Subsequently, this dose was used in CUMS rats and reduced the occurrence of depressive-like behaviors. Our study has demonstrated the complex interplay between depression and testosterone, as well as the intricate dose-response relationship between TRT and reduction in depression. Our research supports the use of TRT to alleviate depression, but dosage and duration of treatment are critical factors in determining efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinping Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Si
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China; Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Kamaei AK, Hosseini SF, Teimourparsaei P, Payamani M, Vaseghi S. The effect of acute crocin on behavioral changes and BDNF expression level in socially isolated rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3929-3944. [PMID: 37987792 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation is a reliable method used for the induction of depression and psychiatric disorders in rodents. It has been suggested that social isolation can lead to hyperlocomotion, as a schizophrenic-like symptom in rodents. On the other hand, crocin (the major constituent of Crocus sativus) induces a wide-range of neuroprotective and mood enhancer effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of acute crocin on social isolation-induced behavioral changes and BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Novelty-suppressed feeding test, open field test, marble burying test, hot plate, forced swim test, and the shuttle box were used to assess anxiety-like behavior, locomotor activity, obsessive-compulsive-like (OCD-like) behavior, pain threshold, depressive-like behavior, and passive avoidance memory, respectively. Real-time PCR was used to assess BDNF hippocampal expression level. The results showed that social isolation decreased anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, pain threshold, and BDNF expression, and induced OCD-like behavior and hyperlocomotion. Crocin dose-dependently restored the effect of social isolation on pain threshold, locomotor activity, depressive-like behavior, OCD-like behavior, and BDNF expression. Passive avoidance memory performance was also unaffected. In conclusion, we showed a hyperlocomotion profile and OCD-like behaviors, and a robust decrease in pain threshold in socially isolated rats. It can be suggested that social isolation from adolescence induces a "hyperlocomotion state" that affects all the behavioral functions of rats. Also, the function of BDNF can be related to a hyperlocomotion state and OCD-like symptom. It seems that BDNF expression level can be related to the therapeutic effect of crocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Kamyar Kamaei
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1419815477, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Fatemeh Hosseini
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1419815477, Karaj, Iran
| | - Parisa Teimourparsaei
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1419815477, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Payamani
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1419815477, Karaj, Iran.
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
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Jia H, Min Z, Yiyun C, Zhiguo W, Yousong S, Feng J, Na Z, Yiru F, Daihui P. Association between social withdrawal and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder: The mediational role of emotional symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:69-76. [PMID: 37992770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was designed to investigate the associations between social withdrawal, emotional symptoms, and suicide ideation in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 2678 MDD patients from the National Survey on Symptomatology of Depression (NSSD). Differences in the sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, suicide ideation, and emotional symptoms were compared in patients with different frequencies of social withdrawal. Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression analysis, and mediation analysis were employed to assess the contribution of social withdrawal to suicide ideation. RESULTS MDD patients with a higher frequency of social withdrawal were prone to have a higher frequency of suicide ideation (p for trend <0.001) and history of suicide behavior (p for trend <0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a dose-response relationship between social withdrawal and suicide ideation in MDD patients, but this association became insignificant after adjusting for emotional symptoms. Mediation analysis suggested that all of the emotional symptoms had significant mediating effects on the association between social withdrawal and suicide ideation in MDD patients (p < 0.05). The magnitude of mediation varied between 4.3 % and 64.3 %, with the largest mediating effect in the feeling of despair (64.3 %), helplessness (41.2 %), and loneliness (40.0 %). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that social withdrawal was a common clinical presentation and it may increase the risk for suicide through emotional symptoms in MDD patients. LIMITATIONS Causal conclusions could not be drawn between social withdrawal, emotional symptoms, and suicide ideation because of the cross-sectional design of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Jia
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Zhang Min
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Cai Yiyun
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Wu Zhiguo
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Su Yousong
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Jin Feng
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Zhu Na
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200122, PR China
| | - Fang Yiru
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
| | - Peng Daihui
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
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Xie Y, Chen L, Wang L, Liu T, Zheng Y, Si L, Ge H, Xu H, Xiao L, Wang G. Single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis reveals the relationship between gene expression in oligodendrocyte lineage and major depressive disorder. J Transl Med 2024; 22:109. [PMID: 38281050 PMCID: PMC10822185 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness that affects millions of people worldwide and imposes a heavy burden on individuals, families and society. Previous studies on MDD predominantly focused on neurons and employed bulk homogenates of brain tissues. This paper aims to decipher the relationship between oligodendrocyte lineage (OL) development and MDD at the single-cell resolution level. METHODS Here, we present the use of a guided regularized random forest (GRRF) algorithm to explore single-nucleus RNA sequencing profiles (GSE144136) of the OL at four developmental stages, which contains dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 17 healthy controls (HC) and 17 MDD cases, generated by Nagy C et al. We prioritized and ordered differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on Nagy et al., which could predominantly discriminate cells in the four developmental stages and two adjacent developmental stages of the OL. We further screened top-ranked genes that distinguished between HC and MDD in four developmental stages. Moreover, we estimated the performance of the GRRF model via the area under the curve value. Additionally, we validated the pivotal candidate gene Malat1 in animal models. RESULTS We found that, among the four developmental stages, the onset development of OL (OPC2) possesses the best predictive power for distinguishing HC and MDD, and long noncoding RNA MALAT1 has top-ranked importance value in candidate genes of four developmental stages. In addition, results of fluorescence in situ hybridization assay showed that Malat1 plays a critical role in the occurrence of depression. CONCLUSIONS Our work elucidates the mechanism of MDD from the perspective of OL development at the single-cell resolution level and provides novel insight into the occurrence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Xie
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leimin Wang
- School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongou Liu
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yage Zheng
- Judicial Appraisal Institute, Renmin Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Lujia Si
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailong Ge
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Wang X, Hou X, Huo Y, Wang D, Fan X, Lin X, Yu W, Cui C, Guo J, Li Y. Phosphorylated Ser187-SNAP25-modulated hyperfunction of glutamatergic system in the vmPFC mediates depressive-like behaviors in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109691. [PMID: 37625690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional glutamatergic neurotransmission contributes importantly to the pathophysiology of depression. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of glutamatergic dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, we employed chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to induce depression-like behavior in male mice and to assess the alterations of glutamatergic system within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Male mice subjected to CUMS showed an increase in levels of glutamate content, synaptosomal GluN2B-NMDA receptors (GluN2B-NMDARs) and phosphorylated synaptosomal associated protein 25 KD of Ser187 (pSer187-SNAP25), which is involved in synaptic vesicular fusion processes in the vmPFC. Downregulation of pSer187-SNAP25 via the TAT-S187 fusion peptide efficiently alleviated CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors in male mice by reversing the increase of glutamate content and synaptosomal GluN2B-NMDARs. These findings demonstrated a critical role for pSer187-SNAP25-mediated glutamatergic dysfunction in CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors, suggesting the potential of pS187-SNAP25 inhibitors for further investigation on depression management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xueyu Hou
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yu Huo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaorui Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Cailian Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingzhu Guo
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yijing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Sani G, Margoni S, Brugnami A, Ferrara OM, Bernardi E, Simonetti A, Monti L, Mazza M, Janiri D, Moccia L, Kotzalidis GD, Chieffo DPR, Janiri L. The Nrf2 Pathway in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040817. [PMID: 37107192 PMCID: PMC10135298 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the involvement of antioxidative systems in protecting from depression. Among these, Nrf2 occupies a central place. We aimed to review the role of Nrf2 in depression. For this reason, we conducted a PubMed search using as search strategy (psychiatr*[ti] OR schizo*[ti] OR psychot*[ti] OR psychos*[ti] OR depress*[ti] OR MDD[ti] OR BD[ti] OR bipolar[ti] OR Anxiety[ti] OR antidepress*[ti] OR panic[ti] OR obsess*[ti] OR compulsio*[ti] OR “mood disord*”[ti] OR phobi*[ti] OR agoraphob*[ti] OR anorex*[ti] OR anorect*[ti] OR bulimi*[ti] OR “eating disorder*”[ti] OR neurodevelopm*[ti] OR retardation[ti] OR autism[ti] OR autistic[ti] OR ASM[ti] OR adhd[ti] OR “attention-deficit”[ti]) AND nrf2, which on the 9th of March produced 208 results of which 89 were eligible for our purposes. Eligible articles were studies reporting data of Nrf2 manipulations or content by any treatment in human patients or animals with any animal model of depression. Most studies were on mice only (N = 58), 20 on rats only, and three on both rats and mice. There were two studies on cell lines (in vitro) and one each on nematodes and fish. Only four studies were conducted in humans, one of which was post mortem. Most studies were conducted on male animals; however, human studies were carried out on both men and women. The results indicate that Nrf2 is lower in depression and that antidepressant methods (drugs or other methods) increase it. Antioxidant systems and plasticity-promoting molecules, such as those in the Nrf2–HO-1, BDNF–TrkB, and cyclic AMP–CREB pathways, could protect from depression, while glycogen synthase kinase-3β and nuclear factor κB oppose these actions, thus increasing depressive-like behaviours. Since Nrf2 is also endowed with tumorigenic and atherogenic potential, the balance between benefits and harms must be taken into account in designing novel drugs aiming at increasing the intracellular content of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Stella Margoni
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Brugnami
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia Marianna Ferrara
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Bernardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Centro Lucio Bini, Via Crescenzio 42, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Monti
- UOS Clinical Psychology, Clinical Government, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, University of Rome La Sapienza, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- UOS Clinical Psychology, Clinical Government, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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13-cis-Retinoic Acid Affects Brain Perfusion and Function: In Vivo Study. Mol Imaging 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/7855924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Study the effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-RA), a synthetic analogue of a vitamin A used for the treatment of severe acne, on the blood flow in the rat brain using technetium-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) imaging. Methods. A total of 30 adult male Wistar rats were divided into the control (C), low-dose (L), and high-dose (H) groups. The L and H rats were exposed subcutaneously to 0.3 and 0.5 mg, respectively, of 13-RA per kg of body weight for seven days. Brain blood flow imaging was performed using a gamma camera. Then, a region of interest (ROI) around the brain (target, T), a whole-body region (WB), and a background region (BG) was selected and delimited. The net 99mTc-HMPAO brain counts were calculated as the net target counts,
in all groups. At the end of the 99mTc-HMPAO brain blood flow imaging, the brain, heart, kidney, lung, and liver were rapidly removed, and their uptake was determined. Brain histopathological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin stains. In addition, the plasma fatty acids were studied using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results. There were highly significant differences between L and H in comparison to C and across the groups. The 99mTc-HMPAO radioactivity in the brain showed increased uptake in a dose-dependent manner. There were also significant changes in the brain tissues and decreased free fatty acids among the groups compared to C. Conclusion. 13-RA increases 99mTcHMPAO brain perfusion, uptake, and function and reduces fatty acids.
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