Rafferty K, Watson P, Lappe JM. The selection and prevalence of natural and fortified calcium food sources in the diets of adolescent girls.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2011;
43:96-102. [PMID:
21392712 PMCID:
PMC3056143 DOI:
10.1016/j.jneb.2010.02.016]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of calcium-fortified food and dairy food on selected nutrient intakes in the diets of adolescent girls.
DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial, secondary analysis.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
Adolescent girls (n = 149) from a midwestern metropolitan area participated in randomized controlled trials of bone physiology from 1997 to 2008.
INTERVENTION
Subjects randomly assigned to a high-calcium (HC) diet supplying 1,500 mg calcium/d, or their usual diet (UC).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Dietary intake was assessed from 3-day food records and calcium intakes categorized by food source. Food group composites, representing calcium-fortified and dairy food categories, were examined for their relative nutrient contributions. Student t tests were used to evaluate differences in selected nutrient intakes between the 2 study groups.
RESULTS
Dairy food contributed 68% of the total mean 1,494 mg calcium/d in the HC group, and calcium-fortified food contributed 304 mg calcium. In the UC group, dairy food contributed 69% of the total mean 765 mg calcium/d and calcium-fortified food contributed 50 mg calcium. Nutrient profiles of the dairy composites differed significantly from the calcium-fortified composites (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Dairy food was the primary source of calcium selected by these adolescent girls; calcium-fortified food augmented calcium intakes.
Collapse