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Kang D. Open Book Exams and Flexible Grading Systems: Post-COVID University Policies from a Student Perspective. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:607. [PMID: 37504054 PMCID: PMC10375951 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to COVID-19, many universities have started offering real time video or recorded courses. This situation raises concerns about a decline in students' learning outcomes and issues of unfairness regarding students' exams and grade evaluations. Korean universities have introduced online open book testing in courses and a flexible pass grading system that allows students to select their final grades to improve fairness. This research investigates students' thoughts and reasons for the test and the system through a questionnaire with 109 respondents and statistical methods such as nonparametric tests, multinomial regression and text-mining. Many students supported both the testing and the grading system, presenting balanced viewpoints by comparing their cons and pros. This finding suggests that these policies could be helpful in enhancing fairness in grade evaluation, relieving students of the learning burden and increasing their satisfaction. This study offers the implications that universities must develop standardized exam formats as well as various learning options in a rapidly changing situation with educational innovation (e.g., hyperscale and generative artificial intelligence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsuk Kang
- Department of Business Administration, College of Social Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University (GWNU), Street 7, Jukheon-gil, Gangneung-si 25457, Republic of Korea
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Santos BM, Santos WS, Solon IG, Garcia FS, Emilio-Silva MT, Jesus AA, Hiruma-Lima CA, Nascimento GC, Cárnio EC, Branco LGS. Orofacial anti-hypernociceptive effect of citral in acute and persistent inflammatory models in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 152:105734. [PMID: 37244090 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial pain has significant psychological and physiological effects. Citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal) is the main component of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, an herb with analgesic properties. Although citral has been considered a potent analgesic, its putative effects on orofacial pain are still unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that citral modulates orofacial pain using two experimental models: formalin-induced hyperalgesia in the vibrissae area and during persistent temporomandibular hypernociception using Complete Freund's Adjuvant - CFA test. METHODS For the formalin test, citral (100 and 300 mg/kg, oral gavage) or its vehicle (Tween 80, 1 %) were given 1 h before the formalin injection subcutaneously (sc) into the vibrissae area. For the CFA model, we analyzed the prophylactic (100 mg/kg of citral by oral gavage, 1 h before CFA injection) and the chronic therapeutic (citral treatment 1-hour post-CFA injection and daily post-CFA injection) effect of citral or its vehicle in animals treated with CFA for 8 days. RESULTS Citral caused a decrease in formalin-induced local inflammation and the time spent performing nociceptive behavior in a dose-dependent fashion. Similarly, prophylactic and therapeutic citral treatment decreased the CFA-induced persistent mechanical hypernociception in the temporomandibular area. CONCLUSION Our data strengthen the notion that citral plays a powerful antinociceptive role by decreasing orofacial hypernociception in formalin and CFA models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna M Santos
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of General and Specialized Nursing Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanderson S Santos
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabelly G Solon
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe S Garcia
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maycon T Emilio-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Biosciences Institute, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline A Jesus
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Clélia A Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Biosciences Institute, UNESP-São Paulo State University, CEP 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Glauce C Nascimento
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Evelin C Cárnio
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz G S Branco
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café s/n, São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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The Path to Translating Focus of Attention Research Into Canadian Physiotherapy, Part 1: Physiotherapists’ Self-Reported Focus of Attention Use Via a Study-Specific Questionnaire. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The focus of attention literature has shown robust findings for the benefits of providing statements that focus on the movement effect or outcome (external focus of attention [EFOA]) as opposed to focusing on the movement kinematics (internal focus of attention). Observational studies, however, have revealed that physiotherapists use fewer EFOA statements than internal focus of attention statements in their practice. Most evidence in this regard has been from non-Canadian physiotherapists working in stroke rehabilitation; consequently, we sought to examine whether Canadian physiotherapists working with various rehabilitation populations also use EFOA statements to a lesser extent than internal focus of attention statements. The “Therapists’ Perceptions of Motor Learning Principles Questionnaire (TPMLPQ)” was thus designed and data from 121 Canadian physiotherapists showed low relative frequencies of EFOA use (31.3% ± 14%) averaged across six hypothetical scenarios. A higher EFOA was reported, however, for two of the six scenarios: a functional reaching scenario (55.5% ± 37.0%) and pelvic floor task (65.6% ±32.9%). This data suggest that the findings of EFOA benefits have not been widely translated into Canadian physiotherapy settings; furthermore, the findings of the scenario-dependency warrant future investigation into factors, such as task characteristics, that may influence physiotherapists’ FOA use.
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Effect of Lower- versus Higher-Intensity Isometric Handgrip Training in Adults with Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090287. [PMID: 36135432 PMCID: PMC9500826 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the effects of lower- versus higher-intensity isometric handgrip exercise on resting blood pressure (BP) and associated clinical markers in adults with hypertension. Thirty-nine males were randomly assigned to one of three groups, including isometric handgrip at 60% maximal voluntary contraction (IHG-60), isometric handgrip at 30% IHG-30, or a control group (CON) that had been instructed to continue with their current activities of daily living. The volume was equated between the exercise groups, with IHG-60 performing 8 × 30-s contractions and IHG-30 performing 4 × 2-min contractions. Training was performed three times per week for 8 weeks. Resting BP (median [IQR]), flow-mediated dilation, heart rate variability, and serum markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured pre- and post-intervention. Systolic BP was significantly reduced for IHG-60 (−15.5 mmHg [−18.75, −7.25]) and IHG-30 (−5.0 mmHg [−7.5, −3.5]) compared to CON (p < 0.01), but no differences were observed between both the exercise groups. A greater reduction in diastolic BP was observed for IHG-60 (−5.0 mmHg [−6.0, −4.25] compared to IHG-30 (−2.0 mmHg [−2.5, −2.0], p = 0.042), and for both exercise groups compared to CON (p < 0.05). Flow-mediated dilation increased for both exercise groups versus CON (p < 0.001). IHG-30 had greater reductions in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α compared to the other groups (p < 0.05) and CON (p = 0.018), respectively. There was a reduction in Endothelin-1 for IHG-60 compared to CON (p = 0.018). Both the lower- and higher-intensity IHG training appear to be associated with reductions in resting BP and improvements in clinical markers of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Harris JE, Zoellner J. Pointers and Pitfalls in Interpreting Nutrition and Dietetics Research: The Importance of Statistical and Clinical Significance. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:709-721. [PMID: 34728413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This monograph focuses on understanding statistical and clinical significance and is one of a research and statistics series published by the statistical team of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The content covers the research questions, the definition of clinical significance, hypothesis testing, p-values, effect sizes, sample sizes, confidence intervals, power analyses, minimal clinically important differences, and validity. This monograph concludes with a summary of the importance of clinical and statistical results, for nutrition professionals to consider when assessing statistical and clinical significance. The assessment will help readers make subjective clinical judgements in the application of research findings based on their experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Harris
- Professor of Nutrition, 222D Sturzebecker Health Science Center, West Chester University of PA, 855 South New Street, West Chester, PA 19383
| | - Jamie Zoellner
- Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0717, 16 East Main St, Christiansburg, VA 24073.
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Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:sports9070103. [PMID: 34357937 PMCID: PMC8309793 DOI: 10.3390/sports9070103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study examined the acute effects of a bout of resistance training on cricket bowling-specific motor performance. Eight sub-elite, resistance-untrained, adolescent male fast bowlers (age 15 ± 1.7 years; height 1.8 ± 0.1 m; weight 67.9 ± 7.9 kg) completed a bout of upper and lower body resistance exercises. Indirect markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK] and delayed onset of muscle soreness [DOMS]), anaerobic performance (15-m sprint and vertical jump), and cricket-specific motor performance (ball speed, run-up time, and accuracy) were measured prior to and 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) hours following the resistance training bout. The resistance training bout significantly increased CK (~350%; effect size [ES] = 1.89-2.24), DOMS (~240%; ES = 1.46-3.77) and 15-m sprint times (~4.0%; ES = 1.33-1.47), whilst significantly reducing vertical jump height (~7.0%; ES = 0.76-0.96) for up to 48 h. The ball speed (~3.0%; ES = 0.50-0.61) and bowling accuracy (~79%; ES = 0.39-0.70) were significantly reduced, whilst run-up time was significantly increased (~3.5%; ES = 0.36-0.50) for up to 24 h. These findings demonstrate that a bout of resistance training evokes exercise-induced muscle damage amongst sub-elite, adolescent male cricketers, which impairs anaerobic performance and bowling-specific motor performance measures. Cricket coaches should be cautious of incorporating bowling sessions within 24-h following a bout of resistance training for sub-elite adolescent fast bowlers, particularly for those commencing a resistance training program.
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Hackett DA, Davies TB, Sabag A. Effect of 10 sets versus 5 sets of resistance training on muscular endurance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:778-787. [PMID: 33969958 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A paucity of research exists examining whether resistance training with a greater number of sets per exercise enhances the development of muscular endurance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ten sets versus five sets of resistance training on muscle endurance. METHODS Fifteen healthy males (age 23.7 ± 4.6 y) with at least 1 year resistance training experience were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of 10 sets (10-SET) or 5 sets (5-SET) of 10 repetitions at 60-80% one-repetition maximum (1RM) for specific compound resistance exercises with rest intervals between sets of 60-90 s and 60 s between exercises, performed 3 times per week. Relative muscle endurance test was assessed via maximal repetitions using 70% 1RM for the bench press, lat pulldown and leg press. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the number of repetitions to failure in the muscle endurance test for the leg press in 10-SET (40.9%, p = 0.04) and 5-SET (27.9%; p = 0.03), although no statistical differences between groups in the post-intervention results. Both groups increased volume-load in the muscle endurance test for the bench press (≥14.3%, p<0.05) and leg press (≥36.7%, p<0.05), but there were no statistical differences between groups in the post-intervention results. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that performing 10 sets compared to 5 sets of resistance training does not enhance the development of relative muscle endurance. The volume-load accrued within an individual set rather than across sets may be of greater importance when targeting muscular endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Hackett
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia -
| | - Timothy B Davies
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Angelo Sabag
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia
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Zahoor B, Liu X, Wu P, Sun W, Jia X, Lv Z, Zhao X, He X, He B, Cai Q, Songer M. Activity pattern study of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Qinling Mountains, China, by using infrared camera traps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25179-25186. [PMID: 33447985 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of activity patterns is important for understanding the capacity of animals for adapting their behavior based on their habitat conditions. Among bears, daily activity patterns are considered to be strongly influenced by regional climate conditions. We monitored the activity patterns (active vs. inactive) of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) using infrared camera traps (from May 2013 to November 2016) in the Qinling Mountains, China. We used 125 photos, with 19,132 camera days from 55 camera locations. Based on relative independent capture (RIC), bears were found to be intensively active during June (5.86 ± 1.05 SE), July (8.45 ± 2.74), September (14.83 ± 6.13), and October (8.70 ± 3.43), with activity levels gradually decreasing beyond October. After this decline, activities eventually come to a halt when the bears enter in hibernation. We found that their hibernation period was shorter in the Qinling bears, with only 3 months of denning from January to March. Based on their daily patterns, bears were predominantly active during the daytime both in spring (70.83 ± 35.41%) and summer (52.09 ± 28.89%), but more active at twilight during autumn (51.12 ± 42.88%). We assumed that food preferences and food availability (due to warmer regional climatic conditions) might be responsible for such deviations in daily and monthly activity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Zahoor
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengfen Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanlong Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixin Lv
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbo He
- Shaanxi Foping Nature Reserve, Foping County, 723400, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baishuo He
- Shaanxi Changqing Nature Reserve, Yangxian County, 723400, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Cai
- Shaanxi Guanyinshan Nature Reserve, Foping County, 723400, Shaanxi, China
| | - Melissa Songer
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
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Bazzano M, Laghi L, Zhu C, Magi GE, Tesei B, Laus F. Respiratory metabolites in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can differentiate horses affected by severe equine asthma from healthy horses. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:233. [PMID: 32641035 PMCID: PMC7346432 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of an untargeted metabolomic approach to investigate biofluids of respiratory origin is of increasing interest in human and veterinary lung research. Considering the high incidence of equine asthma (> 14%) within horse population and the importance of this animal model for human disease, we aimed to investigate the metabolomic profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in healthy and asthmatic horses. RESULTS On the basis of clinical, endoscopic and BALF cytology findings, 6 horses with severe asthma (Group A) and 6 healthy horses (Group C) were included in the study. 1H-NMR analysis was used to identified metabolites in BALF and EBC samples. Metabolomic analysis allowed to identify and quantify 12 metabolites in BALF and seven metabolites in EBC. Among respiratory metabolites, myo-inositol, formate, glycerol and isopropanol in BALF, and methanol and ethanol in EBC, differed between groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of metabolomic studies to investigate equine asthma using minimally invasive diagnostic methods, such as EBC metabolomics, provided promising results. According to our research, the study of selective profiles of BALF and EBC metabolites might be useful for identifying molecules like myo-inositol and methanol as possible biomarkers for airways diseases in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Bazzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy.
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Centre of Foodomics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Centre of Foodomics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gian Enrico Magi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
| | - Beniamino Tesei
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
| | - Fulvio Laus
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
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Cuadrado-Soto E, Peral-Suarez Á, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Aparicio A, Andrés P, Ortega RM, López-Sobaler AM. The association of parents' behaviors related to salt with 24 h urinary sodium excretion of their children: A Spanish cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0227035. [PMID: 31881048 PMCID: PMC6934279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium intake is excessive among Spanish children, but the salt use behaviors of parents and children are unknown. This study aims to determine behaviors related to salt intake in both schoolchildren and parents and the relationship between parental behaviors and 24 h urinary sodium excretion (UNa-24h) in children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A convenience sample was taken from a cross-sectional analysis. Parents completed a self-reported questionnaire about their behaviors related to salt, and their responses were compared with the UNa-24h of their own children. The median test was used to identify differences in UNa-24h according to behaviors. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the behaviors of parents and high sodium excretion in the children and the risk of children's use of table salt, adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. Multinomial logistic regression models, adjusted by the covariates, were used to study the children's salt preferences. RESULTS A total of 329 schoolchildren from different Spanish provinces were included in the study (mean age: 9.0 ± 1.2 years, 157 girls). The majority of families (parents mean age: 42.0 ± 5.2 years) reported adding salt to food during cooking (92%), and 59% of them never looked at the sodium content on food labels. However, none of these behaviors were related to UNa-24h (p > 0.05). The use of iodized salt (53%), the presence of a salt shaker on the table (6%), and the use of table salt by fathers (57%), mothers (52%) or children (17%) increased the odds (p < 0.05) of children having a higher UNa-24h. Checking sodium content on food labels and the use of table salt by the children or father was associated with a lower preference for salty foods (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is important to make parents aware of the relationship between their behaviors regarding the use of discretionary salt and their children's sodium intake. Our data suggest that salt-specific education programs on how to reduce salt both in-home and outside the home should be implemented to improve behavior skills related to salt consumption in parents and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cuadrado-Soto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Peral-Suarez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Andrés
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
- UCM Research Group: VALORNUT-920030, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, Spain
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Brewster PJ, Durward CM, Hurdle JF, Stoddard GJ, Guenther PM. The Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 Performs Similarly to the Healthy Eating Index-2015 in a National Survey of Household Food Purchases. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 119:45-56. [PMID: 30413342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household food purchases are potential indicators of the quality of the home food environment, and grocery purchase behavior is a main focus of US Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrition education programs; therefore, objective measures of grocery purchases are needed. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 (GPQI-2016) as a tool for assessing grocery food purchase quality by using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) as the reference standard. DESIGN In 2012, the USDA Economic Research Service conducted the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey. Members of participating households recorded all foods acquired for a week. Foods purchased at stores were mapped to the 29 food categories used in USDA Food Plans, expenditure shares were estimated, and GPQI-2016 scores were calculated. USDA food codes, provided in the survey database, were used to calculate the HEI-2015. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING All households in the 48 coterminous states were eligible for the survey. The analytic sample size was 4,276 households. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES GPQI-2016 and HEI-2015 scores were compared. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Correlation of scores was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Linear regression models with fixed effects were used to determine differences among various subgroups of households. RESULTS The correlation coefficient for the total GPQI-2016 score and the total HEI-2015 score was 0.70. For the component scores, the strongest correlations were for Total and Whole Fruit (0.89 to 0.90); the weakest were for Dairy (0.67), Refined Grains (0.66), and Sweets and Sodas/Added Sugars (0.65) (all, P<0.01). Both the GPQI-2016 and HEI-2015 were significantly different among subgroups in expected directions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the GPQI-2016, estimated from a national survey of households, performed similarly to the HEI-2015. The tool has potential for evaluating nutrition education programs and retail-oriented interventions when the nutrient content and gram weights of foods purchased are not available.
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Yerzhebayeva R, Abekova A, Konysbekov K, Bastaubayeva S, Kabdrakhmanova A, Absattarova A, Shavrukov Y. Two sugar beet chitinase genes, BvSP2 and BvSE2, analysed with SNP Amplifluor-like markers, are highly expressed after Fusarium root rot inoculations and field susceptibility trial. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5127. [PMID: 29967753 PMCID: PMC6026450 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogens from Fusarium species can cause Fusarium root rot (RR) and other diseases in plant species including sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), and they have a strong negative impact on sugar beet yield and quality. METHODS A total of 22 sugar beet breeding lines were evaluated for the symptoms of RR after inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum Sch., isolate No. 5, and growth in a field trial. Two candidate genes for RR resistance, BvSP2 and BvSE2, encoding chitinases Class IV and III, respectively, were previously identified in sugar beet, and used for genotyping using modern Amplifluor-like single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping approach. The qPCR expression analysis was used to verify responses of the candidate genes for RR infections. RESULTS A strong association of two SNP markers for BvSP2 and BvSE2 with resistance to RR in sugar beet was found in our study. Very high BvSP2 expression (100-fold compared to Controls) was observed in three RR resistant accessions (2182, 2236 and KWS2320) 14 days after inoculation which returned to the control level on Day 18. RR sensitive breeding line 2210 showed a delay in mRNA level, reaching maximal expression of BvSP2 18 days after inoculation. The gene BvSE2, showed a strong expression level in leaf samples from the infected field trial only in the breeding line 2236, which showed symptoms of RR, and this may be a response to other strains of F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Yerzhebayeva
- Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Almaty District, Kazakhstan
| | - Alfiya Abekova
- Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Almaty District, Kazakhstan
| | - Kerimkul Konysbekov
- Taldykorgan Branch, Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Taldykorgan, Almaty District, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Bastaubayeva
- Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Almaty District, Kazakhstan
| | - Aynur Kabdrakhmanova
- I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu State University, Taldykorgan, Almaty District, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Yuri Shavrukov
- College of Science and Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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Brewster PJ, Guenther PM, Jordan KC, Hurdle JF. The Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016: An innovative approach to assessing grocery food purchases. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lukaszuk JM, Walker DA, Shokrani M, Umoren J, Norman EJ. Assessment of vitamin B 12 tissue stores in elderly proton pump inhibitor users. COGENT MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2017.1389639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Judith M. Lukaszuk
- College of Health & Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - David A. Walker
- College of Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Masih Shokrani
- College of Health & Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Josephine Umoren
- College of Health & Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Eric J. Norman
- Norman Clinical Laboratory, Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45231, USA
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Wolmarans P, Kunneke E, Laubscher R. Use of the South African Food Composition Database System (SAFOODS) and its products in assessing dietary intake data: Part II. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2009.11734220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Wolmarans
- Nutritional Intervention Research Unit, Medical Research Council
| | - E. Kunneke
- Division Dietetics, University of the Western Cape
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Saracino G, Jennings LW, Hasse JM. Basic Statistical Concepts in Nutrition Research. Nutr Clin Pract 2013; 28:182-93. [DOI: 10.1177/0884533613478636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Saracino
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute at Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Linda W. Jennings
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute at Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jeanette M. Hasse
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute at Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Sheean PM, Bruemmer B, Gleason P, Harris J, Boushey C, Van Horn L. Publishing Nutrition Research: A Review of Multivariate Techniques—Part 1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 111:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Brann LS. Parents' and boys' perceptions of boys' body size for average and high BMI boys. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2010; 7:307-14. [PMID: 21689273 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2010.00242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A study on 49 preadolescent boys and their parents was performed to determine if differences existed in boys' body esteem and body size perceptions and to determine how accurately parents perceive their sons' body size. The boys were grouped by their body mass index (BMI) into average and high BMI groups. The boys completed the Body Esteem Scale; the boys and the parents rated the boys' body size perceptions. No differences were found in the boys' body esteem. The boys in the high BMI group perceived themselves as bigger than the boys in the average BMI group, and the parents of the boys with a high BMI perceived their sons as bigger. The boys in the high BMI group rated their current figure as heavier than their ideal figure. The results supported that the boys and the parents were aware of the boys' current body size. However, the parents of the boys with high BMI were more accepting of a larger ideal body figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn S Brann
- Department of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-2735, USA.
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Gleason PM, Harris J, Sheean PM, Boushey CJ, Bruemmer B. Publishing Nutrition Research: Validity, Reliability, and Diagnostic Test Assessment in Nutrition-Related Research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 110:409-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Publishing Nutrition Research: A Review of Epidemiologic Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 109:1728-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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